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Results for “Vision Disorders”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Hearing disorders associated with vision disorders in children].

Hearing and eye-sight are very important for the development in children. Early diagnosis of disorders of these organs is therefore essential to ensure the development of affected children from early age, or to provide a correction (hearing aid, glasses) or to enlist these children in special schools. The authors found that in schools for children with impaired eye-sight and schools for children with impaired hearing there were 6.7% children with impairment of both sense organs. The most frequent cause of disorders of both sense organs was intrauterine damage (45.7%), in 25.7% of the investigated children the cause was unknown, in 20% it was genetically conditioned and in 8.6% the cause was postnatal. Therefore when a disorder of one sense organ is revealed, it is necessary to examine on a preventive basis also the other sense organ.

Child↗
PubMed1978

[Congenital color vision disorders in persons with mental disorders].

Colour vision was studied in 3000 mental patients (2000 males and 1000 females) with different diseases by means of polychromatic tables and a spectral anomaloscope AH-59. It was established that the frequency of genetically determined pathology of colour vision in patients (9,3% in males and 08,% in females) is similar to the pathology found in the general population and does not depend upon the clinical diagnosis. At the same time there was a large amount of patients with acquired disorders to colour perception (30% of the general pathology of colour vision).

Color Vision Defects↗
PubMed1993

[Differential diagnostic strategies in uncertain vision disorders].

The differential diagnosis of visual disturbances of unclear origin can cause major problems in ophthalmology, especially if there are no functional defects or if functional defects cannot be explained by morphological findings after an extensive regular ophthalmological investigation. The aim of this paper is to present strategies that allow subtle visual disturbances to be related to certain groups of functional defects. Especially simple investigations are emphasized that lead quickly to a well-founded possible diagnosis that helps both the ophthalmologist and patient save time and cost-consuming deviations. The key investigations are: (1) a symptom-oriented case history; (2) exclusion of refractive problems by pin-hole test, retinoscopy and ophthalmometry; (3) the swinging flashlight test; (4) ophthalmoscopy of the macula and optic disc; (5) visual field. A flow chart is presented that explains the strategy of additional special investigations based on the results of the key findings in order to approach quickly the cause of a visual disturbance. Some of the more common causes of visual disturbances of unclear origin are discussed, including some major therapeutic principles.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Bilateral symmetry of vision disorders in typical retinitis pigmentosa.

Bilateral symmetry of disorders of vision is examined in 60 typical patients with retinitis pigmentosa. We observed a very high degree of interocular congruence in the patterns of both kinetic visual field defects and threshold profiles and in abnormalities of foveal colour discrimination and visual acuity. Abnormalities of foveal colour vision are highly correlated with the extent of visual field loss.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Psychogenic vision disorders: a case report with psychosomatic findings].

The diagnosis of psychogenic visual disturbances, a phenomenon not so very rarely to be observed, is often made by an ophthalmologist, whereas the patients concerned will seldom consult a psychotherapist. We describe somatic, psychiatric and psychological data in 8 observed cases. Results of psychodynamic interviews point to underlying, especially oedipal conflicts. Slight confidence in one's own possibilities on the one hand and incomplete defence of urge on the other may here, too, lead to functional symptoms in special conflict situations. Need for and possibilities of careful diagnostic are discussed, as well as special courses of psychogenic visual disturbances and therapeutic changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Sensitivity of screening tests for detecting vision in preschoolers-targeted vision disorders when specificity is 94%.

PURPOSE: To compare the sensitivity of 11 preschool vision screening tests administered by licensed eye care professionals for the detection of the 4 Vision in Preschoolers (VIP)-targeted vision disorders when specificity is 94%. METHODS: This study consisted of a sample (n = 2588) of 3- to 5-year-old children enrolled in Head Start programs, 57% of whom had failed an initial Head Start vision screening. Screening results from 11 tests were compared with results from a standardized comprehensive eye examination that was used to classify children with respect to the four VIP-targeted vision disorders: amblyopia, strabismus, significant refractive error, and unexplained reduced visual acuity (VA). With overall specificity set to 94%, we calculated the sensitivity for the detection of each targeted vision disorder. RESULTS: With the overall specificity set to 94%, the most accurate tests for detection of amblyopia were noncycloplegic retinoscopy (NCR) (88% sensitivity), the SureSight Vision Screener (80%), and the Retinomax Autorefractor (78%). For detection of strabismus, the most accurate tests were the MTI Photoscreener (65%), the cover-uncover test (60%), the Stereo Smile II stereoacuity test (58%), the SureSight Vision Screener (54%), and the Retinomax Autorefractor (54% in year 1, 53% in year 2). The most accurate tests for detection of significant refractive error were NCR (74%), the Retinomax Autorefractor (66%), the SureSight Vision Screener (63%), and the Lea Symbols VA test (58%). For detection of reduced VA, the most accurate tests were the Lea Symbols Distance VA test (48%), the Retinomax Autorefractor (39%), and NCR (38%). CONCLUSIONS: Similar to the previously reported results at 90% specificity, the screening tests vary widely in sensitivity with specificity set at 94%. The rankings of the sensitivities for detection of the 4 VIP-targeted vision disorders are similar to those with specificity set to 90%.

Amblyopia↗
PubMed1985

[Practical experiences with very young children with vision disorders].

Very low vision or blindness affects the sensori-motor development of children. During infancy other exteroceptive stimuli like tactile and auditory stimuli, are being used as a substitute for the loss of vision. The very early motor signs of young neurologically normal infants, are based on this phenomenon. From a retrospective study of 30 very young low vision and blind infants some early motor signs are mentioned, as they can be used in diagnosis and treatment programs.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transdermal electrostimulation of optic nerves in neurosurgical patients with vision disorders].

Transcutaneous electrostimulation of optic nerves after Ye. B. Kompaneyets et al. (1985) was used in the treatment of 203 neurosurgical patients aged 5 to 65 years with vision disorders. Improvement of visual functions (vision acuity and/or visual field) was attained in 112 (55.2%) patients. No changes were observed in 91 (44.8%) patients. The authors investigated the relationship between the efficacy of transcutaneous electrostimulation of optic nerves and neurosurgical disease, status of visual function, history of vision disorders, ophthalmoscopic picture, and electrophysiological parameters. The best results were achieved in patients with traumatic injuries of the optic route at the base of the brain, with cerebrovascular aneurysms, and the hypertensive hydrocephalic syndrome. The results depended on the history and stage of vision disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Validity of the Titmus and Randot circles tasks in children with known binocular vision disorders.

PURPOSE: The Titmus and Randot (version 2) circles tests contain monocular form cues that may enable patients with binocular vision disorders to pass without any measurable stereopsis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of the Randot and Titmus circles tests for quantifying stereoacuity in children with known binocular vision disorders. METHODS: Participants included 170 consecutive children with diverse binocular sensory function ranging from fine to no measurable stereopsis. Stereoacuity was measured using the Randot circles, the Titmus circles, and the Randot Preschool Stereoacuity tests. RESULTS: Discrepancies between stereoacuity scores derived using either the Titmus or Randot circles tests and the Randot Preschool Stereoacuity test increased as a function of random-dot stereoacuity. Stereoacuity scores derived using the circles tests showed good agreement with random-dot stereoacuity when stereoacuity was 2.2 log seconds of arc (160 seconds of arc) or better, but they progressively overestimated stereoacuity for poorer random-dot stereoacuity scores. CONCLUSION: When measuring stereoacuity using either the Titmus or Randot circles tests in patients with known binocular vision disorders, stereoacuity scores > 2.2 log seconds of arc should be interpreted with caution because it is above this level of stereoacuity that the monocular form cues of each of the tests may invalidate the results.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vision disorders as manifestations of transient ischemic attacks in the vertebrobasilar basin].

Vision disorders caused by ischemia of the cerebral occipital cortex in the presence of transitory ischemic attacks in the vertebral basilar basin are described. Relationship between complaints of vision disorders and severity and frequency of transitory ischemic attacks is analyzed. Exogenous factors provoking dysfunctions of visual and vestibular analyzers are discussed. Correlation between visual disorders and cerebral hemodynamic disorders and vertebrogenic changes in various patterns of transitory ischemic attacks is analyzed. The number of complaints of visual analyzer dysfunction is increased by 1/3 in the patients with dyscirculatory abnormalities. One of the key symptoms of hypofunction of the stem mesencephalic compartments is paralysis or paresis of the eyeball convergence, which was recorded in 38% patients.

Age Factors↗