Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Vaginitis”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Comparison of vaginal flora after treatment with a clotrimazole 500 mg vaginal pessary or a fluconazole 150 mg capsule for vaginal candidosis.

The effect of antifungal therapy on the vaginal microbial flora was studied in 23 patients suffering from culture-positive, symptomatic vaginal candidosis. They were randomly allocated to receive either a 500 mg clotrimazole vaginal pessary or a 150 mg fluconazole capsule. Quantitative microbiological examination was carried out on samples of vaginal secretions obtained prior, and at intervals up to 10 days after, treatment. No significant difference was found in the vaginal flora before or after therapy in individual patients or between the treatment groups. In patients with C glabrata or C krusei, the yeasts persisted longer in the vagina with poorer response to either of the medications.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Single dose therapy of vaginal candidiasis: a comparative trial of fenticonazole vaginal ovules versus clotrimazole vaginal tablets.

An open, randomized comparative clinical trial was performed in 153 patients suffering from symptomatic vaginal candidiasis confirmed by mycological tests. Patients were allocated at random into two groups: the first group (consisting of 75 subjects) was treated with a single vaginal ovule of fenticonazole (600 mg) and the second group (consisting of 78 subjects) was treated with a single vaginal tablet of clotrimazole (500 mg). Therapeutic efficacy was assessed by microbiological and clinical criteria 7 days and 1 month (when possible) after the single dose treatment. At the first follow-up visit, complete disappearance of the signs and symptoms or a highly significant reduction of their intensity was observed in both treatment groups. No significant difference was evident between the two drugs. At 7 days, the mycological tests gave negative results in 92% of the patients in the fenticonazole group and in 88.5% of the patients in the clotrimazole group. The difference between the two treatment groups was again not statistically significant. The second follow-up visit was performed in 55 (73.3%) patients of the fenticonazole group and in 52 (66.7%) patients of the clotrimazole group. The results indicate that 83.6% of patients in the fenticonazole group and 69.2% of patients in the clotrimazole group were still disease free at the time of this visit. Both drugs were well tolerated. Mild, local and short lasting side-effects were reported in only 5 cases of the group treated with fenticonazole.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1991

[Problems of epidemiology and diagnosis in the vaginal area. II. Measurement of vaginal pH values and its relation to vaginal diseases].

The authors divided a group of 600 women into 7 sub-groups based on the results of microscopic examination of native preparations, and using indicator papers of MERCK Co. (art. no. 9542) they assessed values of the vaginal pH. The highest values were recorded in a group of women with suppurative bacterial inflammations (mean pH 5.68) and the lowest ones in women with the finding of fungi (mean pH 5.0), cocobacillary flora without leucocytes (mean pII 4.39) and the normal physiological finding of Dörderlein's bacillus (mean pH 4.15). Values higher than 4.8 rule out the possibility of a normal finding in the vagina, lower values, however, do not rule it out entirely. Assessment of pH values in the vagina should be considered part of routine examinations of the vaginal environment.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Randomized comparison of laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy with standard vaginal hysterectomy in an outpatient setting.

OBJECTIVE: To compare outpatient laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy with standard outpatient vaginal hysterectomy. METHODS: Fifty-six women scheduled for vaginal hysterectomy were randomly assigned to undergo either a laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy with endoscopic staples (N = 29) or a standard vaginal hysterectomy (N = 27). There were no differences between the study groups with regard to age, gravidity, parity, preoperative indications, and previous operations. RESULTS: Twenty-eight of 29 laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomies and all 27 vaginal hysterectomies were completed without incident. When indicated, unilateral or bilateral oophorectomies were completed. The mean operating time was significantly longer for laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (120.1 versus 64.7 minutes). Fifty-three of the 55 patients completing surgery were discharged home by 12 hours from the time of admission. Complications with laparoscopic hysterectomy were related to the technical aspects of laparoscopy. The incidence of febrile morbidity was similar in the groups. Although patients having laparoscopy-assisted hysterectomy required statistically significantly more pain medication and had lower postoperative hematocrit measurements, this did not make a clinical difference in the postoperative courses. The mean hospital charge for laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy was $7905 and for vaginal hysterectomy $4891. CONCLUSION: Other than cost, laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy and standard vaginal hysterectomy appear comparable in patients who could otherwise undergo a vaginal hysterectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Amine content of vaginal fluid from untreated and treated patients with nonspecific vaginitis.

We examined the vaginal washings from patients with nonspecific vaginitis (NSV) to seek biochemical markers and possible explanations for the signs and symptoms of this syndrome. Seven amines were identified including methylamine, isobutylamine, putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine, and phenethylamine. These amines may contribute to the symptoms of NSV and may contribute to the elevated pH of the vaginal discharge. They may also be partly responsible for the "fishy" odor that is characteristic of vaginal discharges from these patients. Among the seven amines, putrescine and cadaverine were the most abundant and were present in all vaginal discharges from each of ten patients before treatment. These amines are produced in vitro during growth of mixed vaginal bacteria in chemically defined medium, presumably by decarboxylation of the corresponding amino acids. We hypothesize the anaerobic vaginal organisms, previously shown to be quantitatively increased in NSV, are responsible for the amine production, because metronidazole inhibited the production of amines by vaginal bacteria in vitro, and Haemophilus vaginalis did not produce amines. H. vaginalis did release high concentrations of pyruvic acid and of amino acids during growth in peptone-starch-dextrose medium, whereas, other vaginal flora consumed both pyruvic acid and amino acids in the same medium during growth. These findings suggest that a symbiotic relationship may exist between H. vaginalis and other vaginal flora in patients with NSV.

Amines↗
PubMed1992

[Use of a local antibiotic combination in the treatment of mycotic vaginitis and mixed vaginitis].

This open clinical trial in 121 patients carried out by gynaecologists shows the difficulty in establishing the clinical diagnosis of vaginal candidosis or vaginal infectious candidosis. On the other hand, specific vaginitis can easily be identified, without carrying out vaginal smear. Bacteriological and clinical arguments show the efficacy of using an antibiotic association by the vaginal route for the treatment of these types of vaginitis (candidosis or infectious candidosis). The product is particularly interesting in all cases where vaginal smear have not been taken.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Retrohymenal vaginal atresia with perforate transverse vaginal septum.

A transverse vaginal septum is the most common congenital anomaly of the vagina. Vaginal atresia is seen less frequently. There have been some variations in cases of transverse vaginal septum and vaginal atresia. This is the first report of a patient with retrohymenal vaginal atresia and perforate transverse vaginal septum.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1992

Vesico-vaginal and recto-vaginal fistulae.

A personal series of 716 patients with vesico-vaginal and/or recto-vaginal fistulae is presented. Five hundred and seventy-eight patients were managed in Africa, mainly at the Addis Ababa Fistula Hospital, while 138 were kindly referred to me from various parts of Britain. The main cause of such fistulae in the developing world is pressure necrosis from obstructed labour. In the developed world the aetiology is surgery, malignancy, radiotherapy or a combination of these. Other causes include neglected foreign bodies, coital injury and local treatment by an unqualified practitioner. A vesico-vaginal fistula alone was present in 78.8%, a recto-vaginal fistula alone in 4.3%, while 16.9% of patients had both a vesico-vaginal and a recto-vaginal fistula. Six hundred and six (84.6%) patients were cured at the first attempt at repair, 45 (6.3%) failed and 65 (9.1%) had stress incontinence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Induction of labor by vaginal prostaglandin E2. A randomized study comparing pessaries with vaginal tablets.

A prospective randomized study of 267 pregnant women was undertaken to compare the efficacy of a pharmacy-prepared 3-mg prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) vaginal suppository with a 3-mg PGE2 vaginal tablet for induction of labor and cervical ripening. No statistically significant difference in success frequency was found between the two groups, either on the first day (72% and 74%, respectively; p greater than 0.05) or on the second day (89% in both groups). There was an equal proportion of women requiring oxytocin augmentation in the two groups, but the slower releasing properties of the vaginal tablet were reflected in a longer mean induction--delivery interval of about 4 h for this group. In both the pessary and the vaginal tablet groups, women who had not gone into labor on the first day showed a statistically significant increment in the Bishop score on the morning of the second day. The frequency of cesarean section was the same in both groups, but instrumental deliveries were more frequent in the vaginal tablet group. It is concluded that PGE2 vaginal tablets--a chemically stable alternative to pharmacy prepared pessaries--appear to be effective as regards cervical ripening as well as for labor induction.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1991

[Epidemiology and diagnostics in the vaginal area. I. Study of the vaginal flora using microscopy and evaluation of the microbial picture of the vagina].

The microscopic characteristic of the vaginal microflora by means of microbial vaginal smears (MVS) according to Jírovec, Peter and Málek corresponds no longer to contemporary ideas on the physiology and pathology of the vaginal environment. The authors revealed on comparison of the results of MVS and the native preparation that in a group of 600 women selected at random the MVS diagnosis allowed to escape 80 cases of trichomoniasis (46.8%), 56 cases of mycotic infections (34.1%) and cases of suspect bacterial vaginosis with the finding of key cells. After elimination of suppurative and non-suppurative bacterial discharge the accurate diagnosis of which involves cultivation, it was revealed that in 156 women (26%) the pathological vaginal discharge was not diagnosed at all or its diagnosis was incomplete. The category of MVS type I, III and V or VI are highly specific but less sensitive. In the category MVS type II the specificity declined substantially, the sensitivity of the test is slightly higher. Predictive values in categories MVS III and MVS V or VI are high, much higher than values obtained in categories MVS I and in particular MVS II. In the diagnosis of vaginal infections transmitted by sexual intercourse native microscopy is irreplaceable. Its assett is rapid and more accurate diagnosis of diobscure findingsseases and the possibility to start immediate and aimed treatment. In case of obscure findings or relapses cultivation is essential.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Characteristics of three vaginal flora patterns assessed by gram stain among pregnant women. Vaginal Infections and Prematurity Study Group.

This study was undertaken to define the characteristics and persistence of vaginal flora in 7918 pregnant women at 23 to 26 weeks' gestation. Vaginal smears were categorized as normal (predominant lactobacilli), intermediate (reduced lactobacilli), or positive for bacterial vaginosis. The women with normal flora were least likely to have elevated vaginal pH, amine odor, milky discharge, or colonization by Gardnerella, Bacteroides, or genital mycoplasmas. Women with intermediate vaginal flora had intermediate frequencies of these clinical signs and microorganisms. Group B streptococci and yeast were associated with normal or intermediate flora, whereas Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis were recovered more frequently from women with intermediate flora or bacterial vaginosis. Trichomonas vaginalis was most associated with intermediate flora. At follow-up, 81% of the women with normal flora had remained normal. Of the women with intermediate flora, 32% acquired bacterial vaginosis and 30% shifted to normal flora. Only 12% of the women with bacterial vaginosis had shifted to normal flora. We conclude that there are two primary stable vaginal flora patterns (normal flora or bacterial vaginosis) and a third less distinct transitional flora pattern between these two.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

The effects of a combined contraceptive vaginal ring releasing ethinyloestradiol and 3-ketodesogestrel on vaginal flora.

Fifty nine women with documented normal ovulatory cycles and with no symptoms of vaginal infection were divided into four groups. Each group used a combined contraceptive vaginal ring (CCVR) with a mean daily release rate of 0.015 mg of ethinyloestradiol (EE) and 0.120 mg of 3-ketodesogestrel (3-KDG) per day, for one cycle of either 21, 28, 42, or 56 days. Cultures from the posterior vaginal fornix and from the endocervical canal were obtained immediately before insertion of the ring and on removal of the ring. Changes in the numbers of vaginal cells, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, Chlamydia trachomatis, Gardnerella vaginalis, yeasts and Trichomonas vaginalis were documented at the end of each treatment. Intra- and inter- group changes in the vaginal flora were assessed at the end of each treatment. The comparison between the number and type of flora showed no significant change between the pre-treatment population and the post-treatment population. The results of this study suggest that the use of this CCVR for 21, 28, 42 and 56 days is not associated with an increase in inflammatory cells or pathogenic bacteria.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1992

Benign vaginal polyp: a histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical study of 20 polyps with comparison to normal vaginal subepithelial layer.

Twenty benign vaginal polyps from 18 patients, together with sections from normal vaginal epithelium, were studied histologically, histochemically using elastic van Gieson stain and immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies against vimentin, desmin and actin. The striking finding was the similarity, both histologically and immunohistochemically, of the stroma of vaginal polyps to that of the loose subepithelial layer found in normal vagina. The important difference was the marked degeneration of the elastic tissue, increased number of stellate and giant fibroblasts and subepithelial condensation of fibroblasts in the polyps. These findings support the hypothesis that vaginal polyps may represent a reactive hyperplasia of the loose subepithelial zone of the vaginal wall.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Oral ketoconazole and miconazole vaginal pessary treatment for vaginal candidosis.

This prospective study was carried out on 250 patients having clinical and mycological evidence of vaginal candidosis. One hundred patients received ketoconazole orally (400 mg/day for 5 days), another 100 patients received miconazole vaginal pessary treatment (one 100 mg tablet locally for 14 days), while the other 50 patients received combination therapy of oral ketoconazole and miconazole vaginal tablets. Although all 3 regimens were significantly effective in relieving patients symptoms and physical signs, the combination therapy gave the best results. There was 98% symptomatic relief with the combination therapy in contrast to 82% and 78% in the oral ketocanozole and vaginal micronazole groups respectively (p less than 0.001). Mycological cure rates were also significantly higher in the combination therapy group (94% versus 80% and 76%). The relapse rate was least in the combination group 2% versus 8% and 12%. The combination therapy is recommended for the best results in vaginal candidosis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Randomized, double-blind comparison of the efficacies, costs, and vaginal flora alterations with single-dose ceftriaxone and multidose cefazolin prophylaxis in vaginal hysterectomy.

A comparison of efficacies, costs, and effects on vaginal microflora of one preoperative and three postoperative 1-g doses of cefazolin versus those of one preoperative 1-g dose of ceftriaxone was done with 65 and 73 women, respectively, undergoing elective vaginal hysterectomy. Patient infection rates were not statistically different between the cefazolin group (six events in 6 of 73 patients [8.2%]) and the ceftriaxone group (11 events in 9 of 65 patients [13.8%]). Side effects, including diarrhea, were minimal and similar between the two groups. Significant shifts in the cervicovaginal microflora of the patients occurred postoperatively, with a marked increase in enterococci and a drop in nonenterococcal streptococci. No shifts among aerobic, facultative gram-negative rods and staphylococci were observed. Among the anaerobes, a significant decrease in the number of patients harboring nonsporulating, gram-positive rods and a less striking concomitant increase in Bacteriodes species and members of the family Peptococcaceae were noted. No qualitative differences were noted between the two groups that received prophylactic therapy. Aside from enterococci, cefazolin or ceftriaxone resistance among vaginal isolates (greater than or equal to 10(3)/ml) was minimal. Selection of resistant isolates was not different between the treatment groups. We could not detect a difference between a single 1-g dose of ceftriaxone and multidose cefazolin for infection prophylaxis in patients undergoing a vaginal hysterectomy. However, the total acquisition, preparation, and administration costs were greater for the ceftriaxone regimen than they were for the cefazolin regimen. Cefazolin should therefore remain the drug of choice for infection prophylaxis in uncomplicated vaginal hysterectomies.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1992

Human vaginal leukocytes and the effects of vaginal fluid on lymphocyte and macrophage defense functions.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to quantify, characterize, and further define the role of vaginal white blood cells in defense mechanisms and human immunodeficiency virus infection. STUDY DESIGN: Vaginal lavages were obtained from five healthy women throughout three menstrual cycles. Lymphocyte subpopulations, macrophages, and granulocytes were characterized and quantified by an immunohistologic technique. Vaginal lavage fluid was added to peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and effects on cell viability, lymphocyte proliferation, macrophage phagocytosis, and expression of various cell surface molecules critical to immunologic functions were assessed. Data were analyzed by Student's t test. RESULTS: Few lymphocytes were found at any stage of the menstrual cycle; however, granulocytes and macrophages were abundant at menstruation and present at low levels through the proliferative phase. Vaginal lavage fluid collected during menses, at midcycle, and after coitus suppressed mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation but had no effect on surface expression of human leukocyte antigen or CD4 antigens, or on macrophage function. Likewise, low pH (less than 5.0) medium significantly inhibited lymphocyte proliferation but had no effect on macrophage phagocytosis. The spermicide nonoxynol 9 was toxic to both lymphocytes and macrophages. CONCLUSION: White blood cells, including lymphocytes and macrophages, are infrequently present in cervicovaginal secretions of healthy women except during menses; the vaginal environment may effect their function.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The effect of amoxycillin on vaginal colonization resistance and normal vaginal flora in monkeys.

Previous studies have shown that vaginal colonization resistance in monkeys can be eliminated by amoxycillin and restored by flushing vaginal flora from a healthy monkey into the vagina of a monkey colonized with Escherichia coli. The hypothesis that the effect of amoxycillin resulted from elimination of parts of the normal flora was tested in the present study. Nine monkeys were flushed vaginally with amoxycillin daily for six days. The number of anaerobic bacteria decreased during amoxycillin administration, as did the number of species isolated. The most obvious effects were observed among the genera Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcus, while Lactobacillus spp. were less affected. Restoration of the flora after amoxycillin administration was slow in most of the monkeys. During amoxycillin administration, all monkeys became colonized spontaneously with E. coli. This was not, however, associated with increased adherence in vitro. The colonization persisted throughout the study period (29 days). It was concluded that amoxycillin disturbs vaginal colonization resistance by eliminating at least part of the normal vaginal flora, thereby promoting periurethral colonization with enterobacteria.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1979

Quantitative bacteriology of the vaginal flora in vaginitis.

Vaginal flora was studied quantitatively in 29 sexually active women, 16 to 33 years of age, to define the role of C. vaginale in vaginitis. Seventeen were asymptomatic and 12 complained of symptoms of vaginitis. Seven asymptomatic women had scant secretions: four of these seven had C. vaginale at log10 6 to 9 CFU per milliliter, none of whom had "clue" cells; none had trichomonas or candida; six had lactobacilli at log10 7 to 9.7 per milliliter; only one had Bacteroidaceae at greater than log10 5 per milliliter. Ten asymptomatic women had easily collectable secretions; eight of 10 had C. vaginale at log10 6.5 to 9.6 per milliliter, three of whom had "clue" cells; four had trichomonas and none candida; nine had Lactobacilli at log10 7 to 9.3 per milliliter; four had Bacteroidaceae at greater than log10 5 per milliliter. Twelve had vaginitis: five of 12 had C. vaginale at log10 7.9 to 11 per milliliter, one of whom had "clue" cells; nine had either trichomonas or candida or both and three had no pathogen, including C. vaginale; 10 had Lactobacilli at log10 7 to 10 per milliliter; six had Bacteriodaceae at greater than log10 5 per milliliter. Three had "clue" cells in absence of C. vaginale.

Adolescent↗