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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Perinatal risk for infants of unmarried mothers over a period of 20 years.

The perinatal events of the infants of 444 unmarried mothers, 3.7% of the total Northern Finland birth cohort from 1966, were compared with those of infants of 11,525 married mothers (95.5%), and a similar comparison was made between 395 (4.2%) unmarried mothers and 7516 (80.3%) married mothers in a second Northern Finland birth cohort in 1985-86. 1336 mothers, 14.3% of the mothers in this later cohort, were cohabiting. Divorced and widowed mothers were excluded from both cohorts. The infants of the unmarried mothers had a significantly lower mean birth weight, were more likely to be small for their gestational age (SGA), of low birth weight (LBW) (below 2500 g) and had a higher incidence of pre-term births than those of the married mothers in both cohorts. Perinatal mortality was significantly higher among the unmarried mothers only in the former cohort. These differences in perinatal events diminished markedly after adjustment for maternal age, parity, height, years of schooling and smoking habits, but did not totally disappear. The difference in the incidence of pre-term births diminished, but remained significant in both cohorts. The difference in mean birth weight, in the incidence of LBW infants and in perinatal mortality remained significantly less favourable to the unmarried mothers only in the 1966 cohort. It seems that the gap between the married and unmarried mothers had diminished. The incidence of SGA infants did not differ significantly between the married and unmarried mothers in either cohort after adjustment for the background variables. The cohabiting mothers formed an intermediate group between the married and single unmarried mothers in respect of perinatal events, but were close to the married mothers. In raw figures, the mean birth weight in this group was significantly lower and the incidence of SGA infants higher than among the married mothers, but these differences also disappeared after adjustment of the background variables.

Body Height↗
PubMed1990

Unmarried mothers as a high-risk group for adverse pregnancy outcomes.

A total of 36,608 singleton births occurring to Black mothers in the District of Columbia in 1980-84 were examined. Infants of unmarried mothers had a 34 percent higher incidence of low birthweight and a 35 percent higher neonatal mortality rate than infants born to married mothers. To delineate the independent effect of marital status, a logit model was fit to 23,461 births occurring to mothers over 19 years of age. Despite controlling on maternal age, educational attainment and adequacy of prenatal care, the odds ratio for low birthweight was 1.18 for the infants of unmarried mothers. Supplemental analyses showed that if mothers were drug addicted or had their first delivery before age 18, the marital status differentials in the birthweights of their infants were no longer significant. These results indicate the importance of unmarried status as a demographic risk factor, and the need for discerning specific high-risk behaviors associated with life styles of unmarried mothers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[A preliminary analysis of unmarried mothers who were heads of households in Brazil during 1970 and 1980].

"This paper reports on an attempt to use census data from Brazil in 1970 and 1980 to investigate a rise in household headship by unmarried mothers 15-49.... Demographic analysis can be useful in decomposing the change into that due to a changed propensity of women 15-49 years of age to be unmarried, to have children if unmarried, and to head their own household if an unmarried mother. This was further analyzed in terms of age, marital status (whether single, divorced/separated or widowed), region of residence, and urban-rural status....However, the research encountered data problems that make firm conclusions impossible...." This is a translation of a paper originally presented at the 1992 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America. (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Today's unmarried mothers: the choices have changed.

A mid-1970s study of the characteristics of pregnant unmarried mothers who keep their children and those who surrender them for adoption discloses some differences from the characteristics of such mothers in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The swing away from adoption may reflect changes in social values.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The factorial structure of personal development mechanisms in unmarried mothers, college, alcoholic, and schizophrenic populations.

The Personal Development Study (PDS) was administered to four diagnostic groups, which included 89 hospitalized alcoholics, 336 unmarried mothers, 159 college students, and 387 chronic institutionalized schizophrenics. The PDS data from the four groups were factor analyzed separately by Varimax rotation of principal component factors. Cluster analysis methods were used to compare the separate diagnostic group factors with the overall factors previously reported by Pishkin and Thorne (1977). Only a few close fits of the diagnostic group factors showed large differences in item composition, order of emergence of factors and size of loadings between groups. Because many items and factors could be interpreted in terms of several alternative theoretical systems, interpretations were based on the clinical meanings of items and clusters in terms of integration theory (Thorne, 1976).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Factored scales for the Personal Health Survey with schizophrenics, alcoholics, felons, unmarried mothers, and college students.

Employed the Personal Health Survey (PHS) to study patterns of symptomology related to physical and mental health in a population of 730 Ss, which consisted of five subgroups: felons, hospitalized alcoholics, unmarried mothers, college students and institutionalized schizophrenics. The factorial data were analyzed in terms of (a) size of item factor loadings; (b) base rates of responding True to each item; and (c) clinical judgments as to the specificity and meaning of the items and factor scale patterns. Five main factors were extracted: Factor I--General health status; Factor II--Sociopathic character disorders; Factor III--Mixed psychiatric symptoms; Factor IV--Anxiety state with psychosomatic symptoms and general nervousness; and Factor V--Schizophrenicity.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1977

A factorial study of personal development of unmarried mothers, college, alcoholic, and schizophrenic populations.

Reported the results of a factor analytic study of the Personal Development Study (PDS). The PDS was administered for research purposes to four diagnostic groups, which included 89 institutionalized alcoholics, 336 unmarried mothers, 159 college students, and 388 chronic schizophrenics. A principal component factor analysis with Varimax rotation performed on the combined populations (N = 972) yielded five main factors labeled as projection, optimism-responsibility, reaction and symptom formation, repressive-compulsive, and intropunitiveness-guilt. Analysis of base rates of responding to the individual items revealed that the four populations ranged along a continuum, with the normals at one extreme and the institutionalized schizophrenics at the other extreme of greater pathological responding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Births to unmarried mothers: United States, 1980-92.

Trends and variations in births to unmarried women for 1980-92 are presented by demographic characteristics including age, race, Hispanic origin, and educational attainment of mother, and live-birth order. Health aspects of nonmarital childbearing are discussed, including prenatal care, smoking, maternal weight gain, and infant birthweight. Social and behavioral factors affecting the incidence of nonmarital births are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Use of a focussed teen prenatal clinic at a military teaching hospital: model for improved outcomes of unmarried mothers.

We evaluated the utility of a focussed, multidisciplinary adolescent clinic in improving perinatal outcomes. The study population included all delivering unmarried teenagers (13-19 years) from January 1, 1993 to December 31, 1995 attending the focussed adolescent obstetrical clinic compared to a similar cohort of married teenagers (13-19 years), married 20-24 year-old patients, and unmarried 20-24 year-old patients. There were no statistical differences in chorioamnionitis, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), postpartum haemorrhage, maternal weight gain, mean gestational age at delivery, preterm delivery rates (<37 weeks), low birth-weight (<2,500 g), Caesarean delivery, postterm delivery rates (>41 weeks), macrosomia (>4,000 g), placental abruption, chronic hypertension, alcohol use, Apgar scores or stillbirth rates or neonatal death rates among the 4 groups studied. Statistical differences were noted in mean delivery weights (p<0.05), preeclampsia (p<0.004), gestational diabetes (p<0.01), history of substance abuse (p<0.0001), tobacco use (p<0.0001), and forceps delivery rates (p<0.004). However, in the teen cohort none of these differences appeared to adversely affect perinatal outcomes in our patients. The focussed, adolescent obstetrical clinic appears to provide perinatal morbidities equal to a low-risk, general population generating better than expected outcomes for pregnant teenagers.

Adolescent↗