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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Suicide prevention in adolescents and young adults: the Geneva University Hospitals' Program.

In Switzerland, suicide has become the leading cause of death among the 15- to 24-year-olds. All strategies aiming at preventing suicide are most challenging, but few have demonstrated efficacy. In Geneva, we founded a Unit for Suicide Prevention as a joint venture between the Geneva University Hospitals and a charitable foundation called "Children Action." Our prevention program duplicates prevention strategies that are known to be effective: tutorials for health professionals and postvention aimed at those who have been exposed to a suicide (or suicide attempt) of a family member or a friend. But it also introduces a new strategy: a hotline for all those in the community who are in contact with a suicidal adolescent. This paper describes our experiences.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An innovative program for public health training at the University of Geneva. Program during employment centered on the student and oriented to the population's health needs].

Switzerland's first Master degree course in public health was launched in the autumn of 1990 at the Geneva University School of Medicine. It is a 3 year, part-time course, which is learner-centred and community-oriented. The aim of the course is to prepare students to use a multi-disciplinary approach to plan, implement and evaluate activities intended to solve public health problems. Throughout the course, studies plan, implement and evaluate projects concerning health problems they have encountered in their work as health professionals. The curriculum includes individual and group work, discussions and seminars with teachers and students, and brainstorming sessions with specially trained facilitators. The students can thus identify and fulfil individual educational objectives while working on community-related health projects. Priority health needs of individuals and communities are thus the pivotal points of the novel approach to public health training.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1998

Collecting saliva samples by mail.

Collecting saliva samples by mail can serve numerous purposes in epidemiologic research. The objectives of this study were to assess what proportion of participants in a mail survey would provide a saliva sample and whether incentives could improve participation. In 1995, 2,994 students, faculty, and staff members of Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland, were randomized to receive, together with a mailed questionnaire about smoking, a saliva vial, a ballpoint pen, the offer of a lottery, or any combination of these. After one mailing and a reminder letter, response rates were 52% among those who had been requested to provide saliva and 63% among controls (p < 0.001). In the former group, most respondents (98%) provided a saliva sample. Incentives improved participation only among those who were asked to provide saliva (lottery: +11% response, p = 0.003; pen: +6% response, p = 0.1). The final participation, after up to three reminders, was 76% overall. The authors conclude that while the collection of saliva samples by mail is feasible it tends to decrease response rates.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Giant Artificial Ion Channels Formed by Self-Assembled, Cationic Rigid-Rod beta-Barrels We thank Dr. E. Buck (Warner Instrument Corp., Hamden, CT) and R. Marclay (University of Geneva) for installation of a BLM workstation, Dr. E. Buck for BLM instructions, A. Pinto, J.-P. Saulnier, the group of Prof. Gülaçar, and Dr. H. Eder for NMR, MS, and elemental analyses, respectively (University of Geneva), and the Swiss NSF and Suntory Institute for Bioorganic Research (SUNBOR Grant) for financial support.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Using clinical evaluation and lung scan to rule out suspected pulmonary embolism: Is it a valid option in patients with normal results of lower-limb venous compression ultrasonography?

BACKGROUND: In patients with a low clinical probability of pulmonary embolism (PE) and a nondiagnostic lung scan, the prevalence of PE is theoretically very low. We assessed the safety and usefulness of this association for ruling out PE. METHODS: We analyzed data from 2 consecutive cohort management studies performed in 2 university hospitals (Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland, and Hospital Saint-Luc, Montreal, Quebec), which enrolled 1034 consecutive patients who came to the emergency department with clinically suspected PE. All patients were submitted to a sequential diagnostic protocol of lung scan, D-dimer testing, lower-limb venous compression ultrasonography (US), and pulmonary angiography in case of inconclusive results of noninvasive workup. RESULTS: The prevalence of PE was 27.6%. Empirical assessment was accurate for identifying patients with a low likelihood of PE (8.2% prevalence of PE in the low clinical probability category). One hundred eighty patients had a low clinical probability of PE and a nondiagnostic lung scan. Among these patients, US showed deep vein thrombosis in 5. Hence, PE could be ruled out by a low clinical probability, a nondiagnostic lung scan, and a normal US in 175 patients (21.5%). The 3-month thromboembolic risk in these patients was low (1.7%; 95% confidence interval, 0.4%-4.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Anticoagulant treatment could be safely withheld in patients with a low clinical probability of PE and a nondiagnostic lung scan, provided that the US is normal. This combination of findings avoided pulmonary angiography in 21.5% of patients with suspected PE in this series.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unimage, a new RIS for the DIOGENE 2 environment at Geneva Cantonal University Hospital.

The effective management of a radiology department depends on adequate computing tools for imaging specialists--radiologists and technicians--and administrators. The rapid evolution of imaging techniques in radiology requires flexible systems for describing the daily operation of a service and accessing data generated by every possible source. In order to compensate for the insufficiencies of our current radiology information system (RIS), and within the framework of the migration towards the DIOGENE 2 hospital information system, a new RIS, named Unimage, has been implemented at the Cantonal University Hospital of Geneva. Unimage has been designed not only to fit the current and future needs of the radiology department, but also to operate in different services, i.e. diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine and therapy radiology. Among its functionalities, Unimage offers a simple two-way data communication with the PACS world. The technical choices we have made in the design of the new RIS include a distributed environment, as well as a graphical (X/Motif) user interface. The main functionalities and the technical implementation of Unimage are described in this paper.

Appointments and Schedules↗
PubMed2002

Relationship between hospital length of stay and quality of care in patients with congestive heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between hospital length of stay (LOS) and quality of care in patients admitted for congestive heart failure (CHF). METHODS: This observational study was conducted in the medical wards of the Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. A random sample of 371 patients was drawn from the 1084 patients discharged alive with a principal diagnosis of CHF between January 1997 and December 1998. Explicit criteria grouped into three scores were used to assess the quality of processes of care: admission work-up (admission score); evaluation and treatment during the stay (treatment score); and readiness for discharge (discharge score). The association between LOS and quality of care was analysed using linear regression with adjustment for clinical characteristics. RESULTS: The mean proportion of criteria met were 80% for the admission score, 66% for the treatment score, and 76% for the discharge score. Mean (SD) LOS was 13.2 (8.8) days. The admission score was not associated with LOS, but the treatment score increased by 0.5% (95% CI 0.3 to 0.7; p < 0.001) with each additional day in hospital and the discharge score increased by 2.5% (95% CI 1.6 to 3.3; p < 0.001) per day from admission to day 10 but remained unchanged thereafter. Adjustment for potential confounders did not substantially modify these relationships. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with CHF there is a significant association between LOS and the quality of the treatment provided, as well as with readiness for discharge. Appropriate reorganisation of processes of care should accompany attempts at reducing LOS to avoid detrimental effects on quality of care.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Switzerland is small in size but big on cardiology.

Switzerland is a small country in the heart of Europe and well known worldwide for its Alps, foreign bank accounts, cheese, chocolate and watches. However, it also has made a significant contribution to cardiology, especially interventional cardiology. It was where balloon angioplasty and stenting of obstructed coronary arteries, two of the most stunning advances in cardiology in the last 30 years and the two most frequently performed interventional procedures in cardiology, originated. The author, who recently served as a visiting professor in the University of Geneva, University of Bern and University of Zurich, summarized his personal observations and impressions in this report.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1999

Non-invasive diagnosis of venous thromboembolism in outpatients.

BACKGROUND: We designed a simple and integrated diagnostic algorithm for acute venous thromboembolism based on clinical probability assessment of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE), plasma D-dimer measurement, lower-limb venous compression ultrasonography, and lung scan to reduce the need for phlebography and pulmonary angiography. METHODS: 918 consecutive patients presenting at the emergency ward of the Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland, and Hôpital Saint-Luc, Montreal, Canada, with clinically suspected venous thromboembolism were entered into a sequential diagnostic protocol. Patients in whom venous thromboembolism was deemed absent were not given anticoagulants and were followed up for 3 months. FINDINGS: A normal D-dimer concentration (<500 microg/L by a rapid ELISA) ruled out venous thromboembolism in 286 (31%) members of the study cohort, whereas DVT by ultrasonography established the diagnosis in 157 (17%). Lung scan was diagnostic in 80 (9%) of the remaining patients. Venous thromboembolism was also deemed absent in patients with low to intermediate clinical probability of DVT and a normal venous ultrasonography (236 [26%] patients), and in patients with a low clinical probability of PE and a non-diagnostic result on lung scan (107 [12%] patients). Pulmonary angiography and phlebography were done in only 50 (5%) and 2 (<1%) of the patients, respectively. Hence, a non-invasive diagnosis was possible in 866 (94%) members of the entire cohort. The 3-month thromboembolic risk in patients not given anticoagulants, based on the results of the diagnostic protocol, was 1.8% (95% CI 0.9-3.1). INTERPRETATION: A diagnostic strategy combining clinical assessment, D-dimer, ultrasonography, and lung scan gave a non-invasive diagnosis in the vast majority of outpatients with suspected venous thromboembolism, and appeared to be safe.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1997

[Educational strategies and tools in a public health program at the University of Geneva].

In the Swiss context, the newly developed MPH programme at the University of Geneva is experimental in educational matters. Indeed the programme is fully learner-centered and community-oriented. Throughout the curriculum students plan, implement and evaluate intervention programmes or/and research projects related to health problems of the communities they are in charge of. In this article, we describe the educational strategies and tools used in this MPH curriculum (professional profile, mind-mapping procedures, field-work either on research projects or on intervention programmes, group work and evaluation procedures). These strategies and tools might assist some educational experimentation in MPH programmes in search of public health relevance and pedagogic efficacy.

Certification↗
PubMed2003

Medical humanities: a new undergraduate teaching program at the University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland.

In 2001, a new program of medical humanities was initiated at the University of Geneva School of Medicine in Switzerland. Four mandatory seminars and one optional 2-week internship are offered to second-through fifth-year medical students. The program has four interdependent goals: contextualizing, developing personal reflection and judgment, encouraging imagination, and offering specific ways to improve the quality of the therapeutic relationship. The program is based on an integrated vision of the humanities and stimulates the students' imagination and reflection in a way that medical students should find useful. Three steps help teachers to build an integrated vision: familiarization, confrontation, and adjustment to the medical culture. The mandatory seminars are taught by a team consisting of a physician and a humanities teacher. All the physicians, department heads, and clinicians involved in each seminar actively collaborated. The medical humanities program is in the Bioethics Unit, which is housed in the Department of Community Health and Medicine with medical history and legal medicine. This intellectual, institutional, and physical proximity encourages informal dialogue and ensures a more coherent and unified vision of the different disciplines. In their assessments of the program, students stated that the seminars gave them food for thought and met their expectations. However, it is premature to draw conclusions from these assessments because the program is still in its infancy. The program strives to provide students with tools specific to the humanities so that they can strengthen their own judgment, listening skills, open-mindedness, creativity, and curiosity, attributes that are needed to ensure that the therapeutic relationship will be satisfying for both physicians and patients.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2006

Brain-computer interaction research at the Computer Vision and Multimedia Laboratory, University of Geneva.

This paper describes the work being conducted in the domain of brain-computer interaction (BCI) at the Multimodal Interaction Group, Computer Vision and Multimedia Laboratory, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. The application focus of this work is on multimodal interaction rather than on rehabilitation, that is how to augment classical interaction by means of physiological measurements. Three main research topics are addressed. The first one concerns the more general problem of brain source activity recognition from EEGs. In contrast with classical deterministic approaches, we studied iterative robust stochastic based reconstruction procedures modeling source and noise statistics, to overcome known limitations of current techniques. We also developed procedures for optimal electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor system design in terms of placement and number of electrodes. The second topic is the study of BCI protocols and performance from an information-theoretic point of view. Various information rate measurements have been compared for assessing BCI abilities. The third research topic concerns the use of EEG and other physiological signals for assessing a user's emotional status.

Animals↗