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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Telescience at the University of California, Berkeley.

The University of California at Berkeley (UCB) is a member of a university consortium involved in telescience testbed activities under the sponsorship of NASA. Our Telescience Testbed Project consists of three experiments using flight hardware being developed for the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer project at UCB's Space Sciences Laboratory. The first one is a teleoperation experiment investigating remote instrument control using a computer network such as the Internet. The second experiment is an effort to develop a system for operation of a network of remote workstations allowing coordinated software development, evaluation, and use by widely dispersed groups. The final experiment concerns simulation as a method to facilitate the concurrent development of instrument hardware and support software. We describe our progress in these areas.

Astronomy↗
PubMed1984

The use of cervical caps at the University of California, Berkeley: a survey.

A survey of cap use and efficacy of women who initially purchased a cervical cap at the University of California at Berkeley Student Health Service is described. It reports the follow-up of 65 U.C. women students who purchased either Vimule or Cavity-rim cervical caps from May, 1978 through June, 1981 and raises questions about cervical cap use and efficacy. Participants were divided into two groups: regular and irregular users. Of the 33 regular users, 16 experienced unplanned pregnancy during the study. Survival probabilities were 80% at 6 months, 73% at one year and 52% after 2 years. Life table analysis of the 33 regular users indicated a 20% probability of pregnancy in the first 6 months of use, 27% by 1 year and 48% by the end of 2 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The human power amplifier technology at the University of California, Berkeley.

A human's ability to perform physical tasks is limited by physical strength, not by intelligence. We define "extenders" as a class of robot manipulators worn by humans to augment human mechanical strength, while the wearer's intellect remains the central control system for manipulating the extender. Our research objective is to determine the ground rules for the design and control of robotic systems worn by humans through the design, construction, and control of several prototype experimental direct-drive/non-direct-drive multi-degree-of-freedom hydraulic/electric extenders. The design of extenders is different from the design of conventional robots because the extender interfaces with the human on a physical level. Two sets of force sensors measure the forces imposed on the extender by the human and by the environment (i.e., the load). The extender's compliances in response to such contact forces were designed by selecting appropriate force compensators. This paper gives a summary of some of the selected research efforts related to Extender Technology, carried out during 1980s. The references, at the end of this article, give detailed description of the research efforts.

Arm↗
PubMed2001

High-Nuclearity Chromium-Nickel-Cyanide Clusters: An Open Cr(8)Ni(5)(CN)(24) Cage and a C(3)-Symmetric Cr(10)Ni(9)(CN)(42) Cluster Incorporating Three Forms of Cyanonickelate This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, the University of California, Berkeley, the Hellman Family Faculty Fund, and Elf-Atochem. We thank Dr. C. Crawford and Unilever for a donation of N,N',N"-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (Me(3)tacn), and Prof. A. M. Stacy and Prof. J. Arnold for use of instrumentation.

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Journal Article↗
PubMed1986

Heavy charged particle therapy of bone and soft tissue sarcoma. A phase I-II trial of the University of California Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and the Northern California Oncology Group.

At the University of California Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and the Northern California Oncology Group, a preliminary study of heavy charged particle radiotherapy in soft tissue and bone sarcoma has been carried out. Fifty-two patients with bone or soft tissue tumors were treated wholly or in part with heavy charged particles from 1978 to 1985. Eleven patients, considered inevaluable for purposes of this analysis, received less than 50 Gray-equivalents (GyE) because of the following: progressive disease (three patients); palliative treatment due to recurrent disease after previous radiation therapy (three patients); or since they were part of preliminary studies of relative biological effectiveness (RBE) (five patients). Forty-one patients received from 50 to 78.5 GyE, with a mean of 65 GyE. They had an average of 23 months follow-up, ranging from 4 to 78 months. In patients with paraspinal chondrosarcoma 9 of 11 had local control, with a mean follow-up time of 32 months. In the remaining patients with other histologies, 19 of 30 were controlled within the irradiated area, with a mean follow-up time of 20 months. Serious complications were encountered in the CNS (four patients), in the bowel (one patient), and in bone (one patient). Heavy charged particle radiotherapy appears to be of value in treating bone or soft tissue sarcoma; further trials are planned.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1987

[Heavy particle radiotherapy at the University of California Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. Clinical studies by the Northern California Oncology Group].

At the university of California Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, patients have been irradiated for 10 years with heavy ions (He, C, Ne, Si). Due to the biologic efficacy of this type of radiation as well as the possibility of a precise dose application, the tumors can be irradiated with very high doses without exposing the surrounding tissues. The experience gained in the treatment of more than 800 patients is presented. It shows that this radiation can be used to localize tumors situated near to particularly radiosensitive organs such as skull base, paraspinal region, and the eye.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

Why don't we have enough cornea donors? A literature review and survey.

BACKGROUND: Organ donation provides a second chance for those who have experienced severe disease or injury. Unfortunately there is a huge discrepancy between the supply and demand of transplantable organs, despite the existence of sufficient numbers of potential donors. Through a review of the literature and a survey of optometry students, this article provides insight into the reasons for the shortage of corneal donors and how more corneal donors might be obtained. METHOD: A survey of 200 optometry students at the University California, Berkeley, School of Optometry was conducted to augment the literature review. Seventy-six students (38% of those surveyed) completed the survey process. RESULTS: Results of the survey indicated that 64.5% of who responded were willing to donate body organs, while 31.6% were not. Of those not willing to donate organs, 11.8% cited religious reasons. Other personal reasons included: fear (4%), respect for the human body (7.9%), and parental disapproval (6.4%). Only 46.1% of respondents had donation stickers on their driver's licenses. CONCLUSION: The literature review and survey indicate that age, religion, culture, personality characteristics, views on death and mortality, body image, and humanitarian concerns are among the many factors that influence people's opinion concerning organ donations. Education of the public and health care professionals' awareness of the importance of obtaining corneas for donation is crucial to end the shortage of organ donors.

Cornea↗
PubMed1994

Helium charged particle radiotherapy for meningioma: experience at UCLBL. University of California Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.

PURPOSE: Evaluate the use of helium charged particle radiotherapy in the treatment of residual or unresectable meningioma adjacent to critical structures. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty-nine patients with meningioma of the skull base or spine were irradiated with helium charged particle radiotherapy at the University of California Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (UCLBL) during the period 1981-1992. Twenty-six patients were treated for intracranial and three for spinal tumors. Total doses of 53.0-80.4 Gray equivalent (GyE) with a mean of 63 GyE were delivered using the helium ion beam. RESULTS: Ten-year local control and survival rates calculated by the Kaplan-Meier product limit method were 84% and 80% respectively. Doses of 60.0 GyE were delivered with a low rate of complications. The only failures were in massive, recurrent tumors. CONCLUSION: High doses using helium charged particle radiotherapy can be safely and effectively delivered to large residual or unresectable meningioma near radiosensitive structures.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Current considerations in heavy charged-particle radiotherapy: a clinical research trial of the University of California Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Northern California Oncology Group, and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group.

Phase I and II radiotherapy trials with accelerated high-energy heavy charged-particle beams have been carried out at the University of California Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory in conjunction with the Northern California Oncology Group and the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Clinical experience with several anatomical regions and tumor types has been accumulated. Preliminary observations suggest that toxicity is acceptable with treatment techniques developed for neon ions. Further data must be accumulated for carbon or silicon ion therapy. Initial Phase III trials with neon ions should begin shortly; evaluation of optimal ions and techniques for improved dose localization is ongoing. Future directions for optimization of heavy charged-particle radiotherapy are presented.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Economic costs of substance abuse, 1995.

Substance abuse causes illness and disease, results in high use of medical and other services and high productivity losses, and imposes a multibillion-dollar burden on the economy each year. This article presents estimates of the economic burden of alcohol and drug abuse and smoking in 1995. Included are the direct medical care expenditures and indirect costs and the value of lost productivity for people who are ill and disabled and for people who die prematurely due to substance abuse. The methodology for the cost of alcohol and drug abuse is based on a study conducted by the Lewin Group in 1998 and prepared for the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. The smoking-attributable costs are based on a published study conducted by the author and her colleagues at University of California-Berkeley and at University of California-San Francisco for 1993 and updated to 1995. The total economic costs of substance abuse are estimated at $428.1 billion in 1995: alcohol abuse at $175.9 billion, drug abuse at $114.2 billion, and smoking at $138 billion. The distribution by type of cost varies among the three types of disorders, reflecting differences in the prevalence of these disorders, medical care use, morbidity and mortality patterns, and other related costs for each disorder. Effective interventions must be found to prevent and ameliorate the adverse health consequences of substance abuse, thereby reducing the future high costs of alcohol and drug abuse and smoking.

Humans↗