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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Blood flow in free muscle flaps measured by color Doppler ultrasonography.

Color Doppler ultrasonography, a noninvasive method for studying changes in blood flow, has been used to monitor 18 patients with free microvascular lower limb muscle flaps. The peak, mean, and minimum velocities, resistance indices, and diameters of the flap pedicle arteries and also of the limb recipient arteries proximal to the microvascular anastomoses were measured at 2 and 6 weeks and 3, 6, and 9 months after surgery. The peak velocities did not significantly differ from each other, but the mean velocity in the flap pedicle arteries was 12.5% higher than that in the recipient arteries throughout the study period. End diastolic velocity in the pedicle was positive (toward the ultrasound probe) at 2 weeks (mean, 2 cm/sec, SD 10), 6 weeks (mean, 5 cm/sec, SD 16), and 3 months (mean, 3 cm/sec, SD 13) after surgery and significantly higher (P < 0.05) than at 6 months (mean, 7 cm/sec, SD 11), when the pattern of blood flow was normal forward/backward flow during systole/diastole. The resistance indices of the pedicle at 2 weeks (Ri = 0.978), 6 weeks (Ri = 0.936), and 3 months (Ri = 1.001) were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than at 6 months (Ri = 1.108), when the pedicle and recipient artery indices were the same. The diameter of the pedicle arteries was 14% smaller than those of the recipient arteries, but did not change during follow-up. This prospective clinical study shows that blood flow in the pedicle of a free microvascular muscle flap is increased until 6 months after surgery, mainly due to the increased minimum velocity of the pedicle in diastole and decreased resistance index. These findings can be attributed to the loss of vessel tone after denervation and are in accordance with earlier studies showing that denervated muscles lose their autoregulation and that blood flow increases, but that these phenomena subside with time. Increased blood flow in free muscle flaps can explain the high success rate of microanastomoses and positive effect on wound healing.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Detection of tumor thrombus in children using color Doppler ultrasonography.

Color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS), which provides information regarding both the tissue and the blood flow simultaneously in real time, is a relatively new and noninvasive technique for the evaluation of organ perfusion. The authors investigated the usefulness of CDUS in the detection of tumor thrombus in 34 children who had malignant tumor (21 neuroblastomas, 2 Wilms' tumors, 5 hepatoblastomas, 2 rhabdomyosarcomas, and 4 others) who underwent CDUS between April 1992 and March 1995 in our department. The CDUS showed tumor thrombus in four patients (11.8%). Three thrombi (in one patient each with neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumor, and hepatoblastoma) were situated in the inferior vena cava, and one (in a patient who had hepatoblastoma) in the portal vein. Each tumor thrombus was monitored and followed up using CDUS every month during the entire clinical course; two of the four thrombi remained despite intensive treatments. The authors have found CDUS to afford rapid and noninvasive detection of tumor thrombus, and it proved useful not only in the detection of tumor thrombus but also in its follow-up in these children who had malignant tumor.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Breast blood supply in various diseases as evidenced by color Doppler ultrasonography].

Color doppler sonography, traditional sonography, and mammography without contrast staining, as well as physical and pathomorphologic methods were used in examinations of the mammary glands of 76 women aged 18 to 65. Characteristic features of the blood supply to the gland were detected, and differential diagnostic criteria defined on the basis of these findings, to simplify differentiation between malignant and benign nodular formations and the diffuse changes in the mamma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of penile arteries in papaverine-induced erection with color Doppler ultrasonography.

OBJECTIVE: Color Doppler ultrasonography is a useful method in the evaluation of small vessels and vascular anatomy and in demonstrating dynamic changes of blood flow. The detrimental effects of different risk factors of erectile dysfunction such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia on the penile arterial system were investigated. METHOD: 180 patients with erectile dysfunction underwent functional evaluation of the arterial system by combined intracavernous injection of 60 mg papaverine and stimulation test and color Doppler ultrasonography. RESULTS: There were 64 patients (35.55%) whose vascular findings were normal. A total of 36 patients (20.00%) had arterial insufficiency and 42 patients (23.33%) had mixed-arteriogenic-venogenic impotence. Combination of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia was found to be more detrimental to the penile arterial system than hypertension alone, the presence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus together, diabetes alone and hypercholesterolemia. CONCLUSION: Color Doppler ultrasonography depends on variables such as equipment, operation and software version in the functional evaluation of the penile arterial system. The combination of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia was found to be more detrimental to the penile arterial system. Further studies based on larger patient populations are required in order to determine the effects of erectile dysfunction contributing disease on the penile arterial system.

Arteries↗
PubMed1996

Pancreatic arteriovenous malformation with duodenal ulcer. Demonstration by color Doppler ultrasonography.

We report the color Doppler ultrasonography features of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the pancreas, a very rare disease. The patient was a 52-year-old man with congenital AVM of the pancreas and a duodenal ulcer that had been resistant to medication. Endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (color Doppler EUS) revealed many abnormal color signals showing pulsatile wave form at the portion of the duodenal wall involving the duodenal ulcer. Extracorporeal color Doppler ultrasonography revealed a mosaic-like color signal, caused by turbulent flow, in the portal trunk. Angiography demonstrated a vascular network with extensive proliferation at the pancreatic head and early portal filling. It is possible that the pancreatic AVM had caused the duodenal ulcer. Color Doppler EUS can be a useful modality for detection of vessel abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1997

Factors related to detection of blood flow by color Doppler ultrasonography in intussusception.

Color Doppler ultrasonography was performed in 125 patients with 134 intussusceptions. Color flow was present in 121 cases of intussusception (group A) and was absent in 13 cases (group B). Young age and duration of symptoms greater than 48 hr were significantly related to the nonvisualization of blood flow detected by color Doppler sonography (P < 0.05). The successful rate of air reduction was significantly higher in group A than in group B (109 of 121 versus 4 of 13). Color Doppler ultrasonography is useful to predict the reducibility of an intussuscepted intestine. The nonvisualization of blood flow by this method is not a contraindication for air reduction.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The measurement of the calibers and blood-flow velocities of the arteries of the circle of Willis: a statistical investigation of 120 living subjects using transcranial color-Doppler ultrasonography.

We have examined 120 subjects (52 men, 68 women; age range: 19 to 89) with no vascular pathology. In each subject, we used transcranial color-doppler ultrasonography to measure the calibers and blood-flow velocities of the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries (ACA, MCA, and PCA, respectively). Generally, the mean measured calibers were lower than those that have been described in cadaveric studies by other investigators. The mean caliber of the MCA was found to be higher than those of the ACA or PCA; this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). With age, the calibers of the ACA, PCA and PCA tended to increase, but this trend was not statistically significant. We have noted a statistically significant difference between the left and right sides, the arteries of the left being larger than those of the right. However, there was no statistically significant relationship between vessel caliber and age, sex, or body weight, though the women's arteries tended to be narrower than those of the men. With respect to the maximal and mean blood-flow velocities, no statistically significant relationships with regard to side (left or right), sex, age, or body weight were demonstrable. However, the mean and maximal blood-flow velocities of the MCA were found to be statistically higher than those of the ACA or PCA (p < 0.02). This was especially true under the age of 60 (p < 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Doppler color ultrasonography of maternal-fetal circulation in HELLP syndrome].

The authors investigated the blood flow velocity waveforms of the mothers uterine arteries and fetal middle cerebral, renal and umbilical arteries in cases of HELLP syndrome by color Doppler ultrasonography. The elevated velocimetry indices in the uterine and umbilical arteries were the result of utero-placental and fetoplacental vascular lesions with resultant decrease in blood flow. These laid to the centralization of fetal circulation with increased blood flow in cerebral and decreased in renal arteries. All women were delivered small for gestational age infants.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of portal vein invasion in patients with pancreatic cancer.

We retrospectively evaluated the diagnostic usefulness of color Doppler ultrasonography for detecting portal vein invasion in 21 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent surgical exploration (14 resection, seven inspection). Real-time gray scale ultrasonography, color Doppler ultrasonography, computed tomography, and angiography were performed in all patients to evaluate portal vein invasion, and the images were compared with the histopathologic or surgical inspection findings. On comparison between gray scale ultrasonographic and color Doppler ultrasonographic images, the tumor-vessel relations were visualized more clearly on color Doppler ultrasonography than on gray scale ultrasonography in 14 (22.2%) of 63 vessels. The sensitivity of color Doppler ultrasonography, computed tomography, and angiography for diagnosing portal invasion was 73.7%, 73.7%, and 73.6%, and the specificity was 95.1%, 95.5%, and 90.9%, respectively; the overall accuracy was 84.1%, 88.9% and 85.7%, respectively. A mosaic signal pattern was observed in 12 vessels and showed an accuracy of 86.4% for diagnosing portal vein invasion. In conclusion, compared with gray scale ultrasonography, color Doppler ultrasonography provided improved images of the tumor and portal vein. Furthermore, the accuracy of color Doppler evaluation of portal vein invasion appears to be equal to that of computed tomography and angiography. Therefore, color Doppler ultrasonography may play an important role as an initial examination for evaluating portal vein invasion.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Comparison of the results of conventional ultrasonography and color doppler analysis in the evaluation of the nature of adnexal tumors. II. Color duplex doppler ultrasonography].

The author evaluates the possibilities of coloured Doppler vaginosonography for prebioptic evaluation of the nature of ovarian tumours. He investigated the site of vascularization of tumours and qualitatively the blood flow by assessing the vascular resistance (PI, RI) and character of the flow velocity curve. The results revealed a statistically significant (p < or = 0.05) trend of central vascularization of malignant tumours. A new parameter with a 100% sensitivity and 89% specificity proved to be the notch at the beginning of the diastolic part of the velocity curve which was not observed in any carcinomas but was present in 89% of benign lesions. The vascular resistance was significantly lower in malignant tumours. The cut off value of malignity of the pulsatility index PI = 0.7 had a 86% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The cut off value of the resistance index RI is 0.6 with a 100% sensitivity and 75% specificity. Comparison of the predictive values of malignity of conventional and coloured duplex ultrasonography revealed that for evaluation of the nature of ovarian tumours coloured duplex sonography with several parameters is more suitable. PI and RI alone can be considered rather as indicators of active growth.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Transient arteriovenous fistulae after transrectal prostate biopsy: diagnosis with color Doppler ultrasonography.

To assess the prevalence and significance of arteriovenous fistulae after prostate biopsy, we performed color Doppler ultrasonography immediately after 136 consecutive transrectal prostate needle biopsies. Pathologic results were correlated with color Doppler ultrasonographic findings. Arteriovenous fistulae developed after 17 biopsies (13%), all closed spontaneously within 18 minutes, and none were associated with unusual bleeding. Carcinoma was noted in 25 biopsy specimens (18%), 10 (40%) of which were followed by arteriovenous fistula. The correlation between malignancy and postbiopsy arteriovenous fistula was statistically significant (P < 0.0004), consistent with hypervascularity known to be present in many prostate cancers.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of right hepatic artery involvement in patients with biliary tract cancer using color Doppler ultrasonography.

The accuracy of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) in diagnosing right hepatic artery (RHA) involvement was preoperatively evaluated in 28 patients with biliary tract cancer. When a tumor partially or completely surrounded the RHA, the circumferential involvement was diagnosed as positive. With B-mode ultrasonography imaging alone in the 10 nonsurgical patients, the correspondence rates with angiography for the presence of invasion, absence of invasion, and overall were 33%, 0%, and 10%, respectively. However, CDUS allowed clearer visualization of the RHA than did B-mode imaging, and the correspondence rates of CDUS with angiography were 100%, 43%, and 60%, respectively. In the 13 surgical patients, the accuracy levels of B-mode imaging, CDUS, computed tomography, and angiography for the detection of RHA involvement were 46%, 77%, 58%, and 92%, respectively, when compared with surgical and histopathologic findings. Although the accuracy of CDUS was lower than that of angiography, it can be performed repeatedly and noninvasively. CDUS is expected to be useful for the initial assessment of RHA involvement.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of cavernous artery by color Doppler ultrasonography--significance of ultrasonic beam angle].

Penile Doppler ultrasonography is widely accepted as an essential examination in the diagnosis of impotence. However, measurement blood flow velocity using Doppler ultrasonography may be subject to some errors. We performed color Doppler ultrasonography in 63 patients with normal penile vascular function as diagnosed using positive responses to intracavernous pharmacological stimulation. We compared the Doppler measurement results of the 126 cavernous arteries and the ultrasonic beam angles. We used a Hitachi EUB 515, a sonographic probe of 7.5 MHz, a sampling width of 0.8 mm, a sampling depth of 1 mm, and a wall motion filter was not used. Ultrasonic beam angles were 5 to 77 degrees. The mean peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity values were 40. 0 cm/s and 3.9 cm/sec, respectively. The peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity values remained stable regardless of the ultrasonic beam angles (Kruskal-Wallis test, p = 0.56, p = 0.70). However, the variance of values became greater when the ultrasonic beam angles was larger than 55 degrees in the case of peak systolic velocity (F test, p < 0.05) and 50 degrees in the case of end diastolic velocity (F test, p < 0.05), indicating a reduction in reliability. Resistance index variance was significantly higher when ultrasonic beam angle exceeds 50 degrees (F test, p < 0.05). We believe that we should accept only those cavernous artery peak systolic velocity measurements as reliable when the ultrasound beam angle is less than 55 degrees.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Diagnosis of gallbladder carcinoma with color Doppler ultrasonography.

A 65-yr-old woman was referred to our department for evaluation of a gallbladder lesion detected at another institution, where she was diagnosed with chronic cholecystitis. Conventional ultrasonography revealed that the gallbladder lumen was filled with debris-like components, and the gallbladder wall was mildly thickened. Color Doppler ultrasonography revealed color signals in both the lesion and the gallbladder wall. These signals showed a high-speed pulsatile wave, and one of the visualized signals revealed a high-resistance index (1.0) on fast Fourier transform analysis. These findings were highly suggestive of malignancy. Surgery was performed, and histological examination of the resected specimen revealed carcinoma of the gallbladder. We conclude that color Doppler ultrasonography can be useful in the diagnosis of tumefactive gallbladder lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Image-directed and color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of postbiopsy arteriovenous fistulas of native kidneys.

Using image-directed and color Doppler ultrasonography (ICDUS), we examined 65 patients with single kidney biopsy and diagnosed one arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in each of 8 kidneys. Three of them were associated with pseudoaneurysms. Three of the patients with AVF who presented with macrohematuria underwent angiography. Therapeutic percutaneous embolization was performed in 2 of them. The remaining 6 patients were followed up with ICDUS. All the lesions had disappeared at the end of a 6-month period. We conclude that ICDUS is an easy and noninvasive imaging technique in the diagnosis of postbiopsy native renal AVFs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Color Doppler ultrasonography in the identification of communicating vessels in twin-twin transfusion syndrome and acardiac twins.

This study evaluates the role of color Doppler ultrasonography in the identification of the communicating placental vessels in pregnancies with twin-twin transfusion syndrome and acardiac twins. In 18 pregnancies with twin-twin transfusion syndrome and two with an acardiac twin, color Doppler studies of the placental vasculature were performed before fetoscopy for laser coagulation of the communicating vessels. In six cases of twin-twin transfusion syndrome the placental attachment of the intertwin membrane could be visualized. Pulsatile arterial blood flow was observed from the donor to the recipient twin that disappeared after laser therapy. In both cases of acardiac twins, one communicating vessel with pulsatile and another vessel with nonpulsatile blood flow in the opposite direction could be identified. Color Doppler imaging is unlikely to play a major role in assisting endoscopic laser separation of chorioangiopagus in patients with acute polyhydramnios, but it may prove to be useful in the early identification of pregnancies at risk of developing twin-twin transfusion syndrome.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Prenatal diagnosis of cerebral arteriovenous malformation using color Doppler ultrasonography: case report and review of the literature.

Aneurysms of the vein of Galen are rare, representing less than 1% of all intracranial arteriovenous malformations. In the fetus, however, almost all cerebral arterial malformations involve the vein of Galen, usually presenting in the neonatal period with severe cardiac failure leading to neonatal death. In this report we present a case of arteriovenous malformation involving the vein of Galen detected prenatally at 35 weeks with the use of color Doppler ultrasonography. The literature is reviewed in an attempt to delineate the role of prenatal ultrasonography in the diagnosis and its impact on perinatal outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Effects of external radiotherapy on uterine blood flow in patients with advanced cervical carcinoma assessed by color Doppler ultrasonography.

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to evaluate radiation-induced changes in tumor blood flow by color Doppler ultrasonography. METHODS: Color Doppler examination was performed on 14 patients with advanced cervical carcinoma treated with external radiotherapy. The total dose of radiation varied from 30 to 65 Gy and was given as 1.9 Gy daily fractions, 5 days/week. Tumor vascularity and blood flow impedance were measured by one pretreatment and five follow-up examinations. RESULTS: At the baseline examination, 11 of 14 patients had very low tumor blood flow impedance (< 0.70). Radiotherapy caused a significant decrease in tumor vascularity (P = 0.0001) and in presence of very low blood flow impedance. The decrease of tumor vascularity during the treatment was associated with better outcome, whereas persistence of excessive vascularity or of vessels with low blood flow impedance at the end of radiation was associated with modest therapeutic response. Eight of 10 patients with increased tumor vascularity at the end of radiation needed further treatment or died of disease. Only one of four patients with normal vasculature at the end of radiotherapy needed further treatment and all four were clinically disease free during the follow-up (mean, 13 months; range, 6-26 months). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that color Doppler ultrasonography may be useful in early assessment of therapeutic response during radiotherapy and in for planning individualized treatment schedules.

Adenocarcinoma↗