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PubMed2001

Unprecedented Detection of Distinct Barriers Involving Formally Enantiotopic Substituents: Phenyl Rotation in Solid Diphenyl Sulfoxide Conformational Studies by Dynamic NMR. Part 82. For Part 80 see ref. 1a, for Part 81 see ref. 1b. We thank J. E. Anderson (University College, London, UK), S. E. Biali (Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel), R. K. Harris (University of Durham, UK), W. B. Jennings (University College, Cork, Ireland), A. Rassat (École Normale Superieure, Paris, France) for critical reading of the manuscript, and I.Co.C.E.A., CNR, Bologna for access to the 400-MHz and solid-state NMR spectroscopy facilities. Financial support was received from MURST (national project "Stereoselection in Organic Synthesis") and from the University of Bologna (Funds for selected research topics 1999-2001).

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Journal Article↗

PubMed2000

(-)-Rhizochalin is a Dimeric Enantiomorphic (2R)-Sphingolipid: Absolute Configuration of Pseudo-C(2v)-Symmetric Bis-2-amino-3-alkanols by CD We thank Jeff de Ropp and John MacMillan (University of California, Davis) for assistance with the 600 and 400 MHz (1)H NMR spectra, respectively; Gillian Nicholas (University of California, Davis) for measurement of the CD spectra of 7 a, b; Rich Kondrat (University of California, Riverside Mass Spectrometry Facility) for chemical ionization MS; and Carlito Lebrilla and Yongming Xie (University of California, Davis) for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization MS. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH; grant no. AI 39987). The NMR spectrometers were funded in part by the National Science Foundation (grant no. CHE-9808183; 400 MHz apparatus) and the NIH (grant no. RR11973; 600 MHz apparatus). CD=circular dichroism.

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Journal Article↗

PubMed2001

The Zipper-Mode Domino Intramolecular Diels-Alder Reaction: A New 0-->ABCD Strategy for Steroids and Related Compounds We thank Dr. Simon Fielder (HortResearch New Zealand) and Mr. Leon Wong (University of Sydney) for preliminary experiments, Dr. Kelvin Picker (University of Sydney) for assistance with HPLC and GC analyses, and Dr. Ian Luck (University of Sydney) for 2D NMR experiments. This work was supported by The Australian Research Council and The University of Sydney.

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Journal Article↗

PubMed2000

[Post-Doc (post-graduate training for medical doctors in Europe). The use of the Internet in the continuing education of general practice physicians: a European project of multimedia continuing medical education. The University of Aachen, Maastricht, Catholic University Leuven and the Central University Limburg (Diepenbeek) and EUREGIONET].

The continuing formation of the General Practitioners (GP) must stay in stride with the rapid evolution of society, technology, science and needs of the population. The Web allows on-line a rapid access to a pertinent and practical information whenever needed. PostDoc is a joint venture of the Universities of Aachen, Maastricht, Leuven and Diepenbeek. The Department of general medicine is associated with the Service of Technology of Education in this project. The interactivity of an Internet Website introduces a cooperative dimension in the work of the GP's centred on formation and discussion of problems encountered. This tool allows each GP to contribute to clinical cases and information.

Belgium↗

PubMed1999

Invasive meningococcal disease among university undergraduates: association with universities providing relatively large amounts of catered hall accommodation.

The incidence of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) among UK university students and non-students of similar age was investigated. In addition, we sought to identify structural risk factors associated with high rates of IMD in individual universities. Cases were ascertained via Consultants in Communicable Disease Control (or equivalent officers) between September 1994 and March 1997. Data on individual universities were obtained from university accommodation officers. University students had an increased annual rate of invasive meningococcal disease (13.2/10(5), 95% CI 11.2-15.2) compared with non-students of similar age in the same health districts (5.5/10(5), CI 4.7-6.4) and in those health districts without universities (3.7/10(5), CI 2.9-4.4). This trend was highly significant. Regression analysis demonstrated catered hall accommodation to be the main structural risk factor. Higher rates of disease were observed at universities providing catered hall places for > 10% of their student population (15.3/10(5), CI 11.8-18;8) compared with those providing places for < 10% of students (5.9/10(5), CI 4.1-7.7). The majority of IMD amongst students was caused by serogroup B organisms. University students in the UK are at increased risk of IMD compared with non-students of a similar age. The incidence of IMD tends to be greatest at universities with a high provision of catered hall accommodation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1967

II. Dilemmas of the medical center as part of the university. Tradition and the intellectual frontier. 7. The pressures of professionalism and the university. The institute panel. B. The university view.

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Organization and Administration↗

PubMed1987

[Analysis of the economic situation of the University of Chile and its means of solution. The University Council of the University of Chile].

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Chile↗

PubMed1994

Knowledge and self-reported use of universal precautions in a university teaching hospital.

This article reports a study of knowledge and self-reported use of universal precautions by professionals (individuals on the medical staff, in nursing service, in the laboratory, and in the social service, pastoral care, and respiratory care departments) and nonprofessionals (individuals working in the dietary and environmental services departments) in a university teaching hospital. Nonprofessional workers were found to be less knowledgeable about universal precautions than were professional workers. Appropriate use of universal precautions significantly correlated with a worker's perceived risk of exposure (positively correlated), the belief that HIV is easy to "catch" (negatively correlated), and the extent of the worker's involvement with HIV-infected patients (positively correlated). Use of universal precautions was not found to be significantly correlated with belief in universal precautions as a reasonable way to protect oneself from contracting HIV in the workplace. Recommendations are made for increasing appropriate use of universal precautions.

Alabama↗

PubMed1990

Effect of education on the use of universal precautions in a university hospital emergency department.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine if an educational program would improve both knowledge and practice of universal precautions by nursing personnel. DESIGN: Participants were given a 14-question test and observed for their, practice of universal precautions during routine IV catheter placement or phlebotomy and trauma care before and six months after an education in-service. SETTING: University hospital emergency department. TYPE OF PARTICIPANTS: Nursing personnel. INTERVENTIONS: One-hour lecture addressing the occupational risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the recommended use of universal precautions. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The mean overall correct response rates to the questionnaire before and after the in-service were 70% and 73%, respectively (P = NS). The pattern of incorrect responses suggested that the perceived risks of HIV transmission are underestimated, particularly among healthy-appearing patients. For care of critical trauma patients, there were significant increases between the frequency rates before and after the in-service of glove and protective eyewear use (66.7% vs 87.7%, P less than .025; 0.0% vs 17.3%, P less than .05, respectively). The frequency rates of glove use for IV placement or phlebotomy in noncritical patients and of gown use for trauma patient care also increased (52.6% vs 65.2% and 25% vs 39.5%, respectively); however, these changes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: An intensive educational program was associated with a modest increase in the compliance of ED nursing personnel with universal precautions and had no long-term effect on their general knowledge of HIV risk. The practice of universal precautions is still far from universal in this ED.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗

PubMedDate not supplied

College student bereavement, scholarship, and the university: a call for university engagement.

The prevalence of bereavement among traditional-aged college students should impel universities to assist bereaved students on their campuses. Dealing with bereavement can not only challenge a college student's completing the developmental tasks that our society sets for the later adolescent years, but also imperil the student's remaining in school and graduating. It is in the best interests of the university to develop and implement a variety of effective interventions to assist bereaved students. The author argues that universities are communities devoted to scholarly endeavors and should explicitly incorporate the dimension of compassion and caring. An abbreviated case study is used to illustrate the situations in which one grieving student found herself when she returned to school following the death of her father. A call is made for greater university engagement by forming a university-based bereavement center to coordinate and conduct coherent inquiry that fulfills the scholarly functions of discovery, application, and instruction. Four specific actions for a bereavement center are to train nonbereaved students to provide peer support, to provide structured interventions for college students at risk of bereavement complications, to raise consciousness about bereavement on the university campus, and to conduct research into various bereavement populations and bereavement topics.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

Comparing postgraduate medical education at university and non-university hospitals in Japan.

In 1988 the authors surveyed all the teaching hospitals in Japan to evaluate the present status of postgraduate medical education (PGME); they received responses from 67 (84%) of the university and 172 (89%) of the non-university teaching hospitals. It was found that a large proportion of residents had spent two years in a residency without having had a single experience of some of the basic clinical skills. Consequently the residents' confidence in their abilities to perform these skills was low. The residents at the university hospitals, in particular, had had fewer experiences and were less confident about their clinical skills than were the residents at the non-university hospitals. The lack of standard and minimum requirements for PGME in Japan may be the cause of the poor level of acquisition of clinical skills of residents during PGME. Other possible causes are the tendency in Japanese medical society to attach greater importance to academic attainment than to clinical competence and the excessive gravitation of residents toward university hospitals. The authors suggest their results show the necessity to improve the training in basic clinical skills in PGME in Japan, especially in university hospitals.

Clinical Competence↗

PubMed2000