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Results for “Truth Disclosure”

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PubMed1998

Cancer truth disclosure by Lebanese doctors.

Truthful disclosure of cancer diagnosis is still uncommon in some cultures. In Lebanon, legislation is permissive of non-disclosure. Physicians choose the recourse most agreeable to them. This study's goal was to determine the proportion of Lebanese physicians who choose truthful diagnosis disclosure to cancer patients and to identify factors affecting their choice. A survey of a random sample of Lebanese physicians was conducted to determine the proportion of those who prefer truthful diagnosis disclosure to cancer patients and to identify factors affecting that choice. The survey involved 268 participants representing 10% of all physicians practicing in specialties with potential contact with cancer cases in the Greater Beirut area. It was completed by 212 (79%), of whom 47% would usually tell the patient about cancer. Disclosure preference was not associated with gender, location of medical training, rate of patient contact or teaching activities. It was associated with longer clinical practice and with specialties outside primary care. Most participants were open to changing their policies and considered the patient's desire to know, compliance with treatment and the patient's profession as a physician as most influencing in their choice of disclosure. Exploring the Lebanese public predicament regarding disclosure seems necessary.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Japanese attitudes towards truth disclosure in cancer.

Despite the increasing concerns of truth disclosure, most cancer patients are not told the truth about their disease in Japan. The author has tried to provide some insight into this issue by evaluating results from questionnaires given to hospital patients, clients in a mass cancer survey, and doctors of a college hospital. Results showed that 72% of patients and 83% of clients wanted to be told the truth, but only 33% and 34% of them thought that the truth should be told to cancer patients. These attitudes of patients and clients regarding truth disclosure were more positive than those of the general public and health care workers in previous studies. At present, 13% of doctors inform cancer patients of their disease. These trends indicate that the Japanese attitude toward avoiding truth disclosure stems primarily from paternalism but is also influenced by social characteristics including insufficient understanding of this issue. Open discussion involving all factions of society is necessary to attain a better understanding of this issue and to promote eventual truth disclosure.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The dilemma of truth disclosure: Stoke-on-Trent, England.

Two case studies are used to demonstrate the continuing dilemma experienced by some doctors in the United Kingdom--whether or not to disclose to cancer patients their diagnosis. The two schools of thought concerning truth disclosure are discussed, together with the ethical implications and differences in views as a result of culture. Truth disclosure and associated communications skills are seen as an important area of medical education.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Truth disclosure of cancer diagnoses and its influence on bereaved Japanese families.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how patients with cancer and their families are informed of the results of the patients' diagnoses. The bereaved families' assessments and satisfaction with the consequences of their decisions were examined after the patients' deaths. Data were collected from the bereaved families of 53 patients who had died of lung cancer at a Japanese university hospital between January 1994 and December 1997. Data were analyzed by employing descriptive statistics for each factor. Fifty-three bereaved families responded to the questionnaire. The true diagnosis-lung cancer-was disclosed to 15.1% of the patients, whereas 26.4% were told that they were suffering from lung tumors. Other less ominous clinical descriptions were given to 58.5% of the participants. Concerning the bereaved families' responses to the manner in which the decisions had been made on truth disclosure, the average degree of satisfaction was expressed as 3.7 cm on a 5.0-cm scale. An ambiguous expression such as "lung tumor" has been arbitrarily interpreted. However, simple truth disclosure to the patient does not necessarily satisfy a bereaved family. If family members can allay a patient's doubt about the diagnosis, the family's satisfaction may improve.

Attitude↗

PubMed2005

[Truth disclosure in medicine: psychological perspective].

Truth telling in medicine is difficult and stressful. Medical training teaches to mitigate pain and suffering, but death and health deterioration causes feelings of frustration among physicians. Physicians tend to conceal bad news to avoid the suffering caused by such adverse information. However, veracity is an integral part of a respectful relationship and is the basis of confidence between patients and health providers. However, confusing truthfulness with a mere exposure of all the available information is an oversimplification of the problem. Therefore the real issue drifts from "how convenient is to communicate the truth" to "how to share the information with my patient" in a setting in which he can express his feeling and thoughts. Communicating the truth is an ethical imperative. The patient has the right to be informed and the physician must provide this information timely and taking into account the capacity, interest and emotional status of the patients. Therefore prudence, warmth and bioethical reasoning are required for a good medical practice.

Duty to Warn↗

PubMed2005

Advance directives for truth disclosure.

INTRODUCTION: Although most patients wish to be fully informed about bad news such as a diagnosis of cancer, a significant minority prefer no or minimal information. We examined the value of asking patients about their disclosure preferences at the outset of hospitalization. METHODS: Consecutive patients admitted to a respiratory and a geriatric unit were asked whether and how they would wish to be told of cancer or Alzheimer disease. RESULTS: Of the 207 patients interviewed, 174 (84%) wanted to be told about cancer or dementia; the proportion who would wish to be told did not differ between older patients (89 of 108 patients; 82%) and younger patients (85 of 99 patients; 86%; p = 0.34). Thirty patients (15%) sought reassurance during or after the interview, and 13 patients (6%) reported that they had been bothered by the questions. Of the 207 patients, cancer or dementia was diagnosed in 23 patients (11%). Preferences for disclosure or nondisclosure were honored for 20 patients (87%). CONCLUSIONS: Seeking preferences regarding truth disclosure at the outset of hospitalization is helpful and feasible in everyday practice, and the results can be used by clinicians to improve communication with patients and families in accordance with patients' own wishes.

Advance Directives↗

PubMed2001

When cultures clash: physician, patient, and family wishes in truth disclosure for dying patients.

We describe two cases involving male foreign nationals (a Chinese and a Georgian) treated in a U.S. hospital. Both patients had terminal illnesses, and both cases involved clashes between families and the treating physicians, which occurred because of differing cultural beliefs about truth disclosure. Based on the specific backgrounds of these two patients, we discuss ethical and cultural considerations and make suggestions for physicians who care for ethnically diverse patients.

Aged↗

PubMed2001