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[Tentative classification of the nematodes Trichostrongyloidea (author's transl)].

Taking into consideration the evolution of different characters, and mainly the evolutionary pattern of the "synlophe", we propose to divide the Trichostrongyloidea into 8 families: Ollulanidae, Dictyocaulidae, Strongylacanthidae, Amidostomatidae, Molineidae, Heligmosomidae, Heligmonellidae and Trichostrongylidae.

Animals

Apteragia pursglovei sp. n. (Trichostrongyloidea: trichostrongylidae) from the white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus.

Two species of Apteragia were found in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from 152 counties in 13 southeastern states. Specimens previously reported as Skrjabinagia odocoilei were reidentified as belonging to 2 similar species of the genus Apteragia, A. odocoilei, and A. pursglovei sp. n. Apteragia pursglovei sp. n. is differentiated primarily by the length, conformation, and degree of sclerotization of the spicules. Of the 824 deer, A. odocoilei occurred in 76.5%, A. pursglovei in 13.8%, both species in 5.0%, and neither in 4.7%. Reassessment of distribution data revealed that only A. odocoilei was present in deer from 99 counties, only A. pursglovei in deer from 25 counties, and both species in deer from 28 counties. Both A. odocoilei and A. pursglovei were found in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. Apteragia odocoilei also occurred in Maryland, Tennessee, West Virginia, Texas, Oklahoma, New Jersey, and the Virgin Islands.

Animals

Histochemical studies on the body wall of nematodes: Haemonchus contortus (Rud., 1803) and Xiphinema insigne Loos, 1949.

Histochemical studies on the body wall of Haemonchus contortus (Rud.) and Xiphinema insigne Loos have been made. In H. contortus, the cuticle is mainly proteinous in nature. The lipids and PAS-postive materials are only present in cortical layers. In addition, haemoglobin and acid phosphatase are also present. The hypodermis shows the presence of glycogen, lipids, RNA, acid and alkaline phosphatases. The oval dense body is composed of keratinous and collagenous proteins associated with acid mucopolysaccharides. Muscles carry a greater concentration of glycogen granules and phospholipids. In X. insigne, the cuticle is rich in sudanophilic lipids. The cuticle also consists of weakly acidic mucopolysaccharides. Hypodermis and muscles contain lipids and glycogen. In addition, hypodermis also consists of acidic mucopolysaccharides. The functional significance of these components has been fully discussed.

Animals

Morphological, histochemical, and biochemical studies on the gut of Haemonchus contortus Rud., 1803).

A study has been made on the structure and chemical composition of the gut of Haemonchus contortus (Rud., 1803). The oesophagus has typically a triradiate, cuticle-lined lumen. The intestinal epithelium is provided with a well-developed brush border which contains periodic acid-Schiff-positive mucoproteins. The intestinal epithelium stores glycogen and lipids. It stains diffusely for phospholipids and general proteins and also for terminal-NH2 group. The presence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ containing pigments and activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases, glucose-6-phosphatase, and 5'-nucleotidase have been observed in the intestinal epithelium. Biochemically pH optimum for intestinal acid phosphatase has been found to be 4.8. The brush border shows positive reactions for acid phosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase, and negative reactions for alkaline phosphatase and 5'-nucleotidase, and negative reactions for alkaline phosphatase and 5'-nucleotidase. The presence of enzymes in the brush border is related to extracellular digestion and absorption of nutrients.

Animals