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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Are therapeutic communities therapeutic for women?

This paper addresses the growing phenomena of therapeutic community (TC) treatment approaches for women in correctional settings. Although rapidly increasing in number across the country, there is very little empirical research to support the effectiveness of TC treatment for women. Therefore, the literature on the efficacy and effectiveness of TC treatment for women is reviewed in relation to the literature on women's treatment issues. The literature review highlights the gaps where TC treatment ignores or exacerbates issues that are common to addicted women, or uses methods that may be contradictory to women's recovery.

Domestic Violence↗
PubMed2004

Therapeutic communities: a therapeutic bridge.

The original therapeutic community movement has seen a variety of interpretations that may bear little resemblance to the original model. The democratic model concept of social learning offers one approach to further social maturation and personality change. The programmatic or concept model offers another approach based on a behavior code and behavioral concepts. Both of these communities are human groups and appear to share the hereditary behavior of such groups. A Darwinian approach is used to facilitate understanding of both communities. A generic biosocial therapeutic community is described.

Cultural Evolution↗
PubMed2000

Measuring client clinical progress in therapeutic community treatment. The therapeutic community Client Assessment Inventory, Client Assessment Summary, and Staff Assessment Summary.

The therapeutic community (TC) Client Assessment Inventory (CAI), Client Assessment Summary (CAS), and Staff Assessment Summary (SAS) are instruments developed from a comprehensive theory of TC treatment and recovery. They measure client self-report and staff evaluation of client progress along 14 domains of behavior, attitude, and cognitive change. The present article reports on the development of the instruments and findings from an analysis of data on 346 clients in TC treatment; including scale properties and cross-sectional client differences by treatment tenure. The instruments were administered over a 1-year period at two residential TC facilities. Findings indicate that both client and staff instruments reliably differentiate client clinical changes during treatment and client self-ratings are initially consistently higher than staff ratings. Clarifying and measuring changes in the individual during treatment is the first step in the effort to understand the change process and what steps can be taken to improve treatment effectiveness.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Culture and community in the therapeutic community: implications for the treatment of recovering substance misusers.

This paper critically discusses the conceptualization and structure of the therapeutic community employed for the treatment of substance misuse in America. The predominant American model, the concept-house model, is criticized on the grounds that the therapeutic milieu of these treatment agencies is contaminated by their subordinance to the influences of the larger American society. These influences include: the predominance of the medical model, the agency as an agent of service delivery, capitalism and inequity, implicit views of human nature, and stratification of social structure. The thesis of this paper is that treatment personnel in therapeutic communities must develop increased sensitivity to the larger cultural factors which influence the construction of the therapeutic community. It is argued that problems within the American culture play a significant role in the etiology of substance misuse. Therefore, treatment personnel must be careful to avoid constructing therapeutic communities which too closely mirror the larger culture. This cultural influence in therapeutic communities functions to maintain long-term substance misuse problems within the individual and the nation.

Behavior, Addictive↗
PubMed1998

Outcomes of homeless mentally ill chemical abusers in community residences and a therapeutic community.

OBJECTIVES: The feasibility and effectiveness of treating homeless mentally ill chemical abusers in community residences compared with a therapeutic community were evaluated. METHODS: A total of 694 homeless mentally ill chemical abusers were randomly referred to two community residences or a therapeutic community. All programs were enhanced to treat persons with dual diagnoses. Subjects' attrition, substance use, and psychopathology were measured at two, six, and 12 months. RESULTS: Forty-two percent of the 694 referred subjects were admitted to their assigned program and showed up for treatment, and 13 percent completed 12 months or more. Clients retained at both types of program showed reductions in substance use and psychopathology, but reductions were greater at the therapeutic community. Compared with subjects in the community residences, those in the therapeutic community were more likely to be drug free, as measured by urine analysis and self-reports, and showed greater improvement in psychiatric symptoms, as measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies--Depression Scale and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Their functioning also improved, as measured by the Global Assessment of Functioning scale. CONCLUSIONS: Homeless mentally ill chemical abusers who are retained in community-based residential programs, especially in therapeutic communities, can be successfully treated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The "new" drug-free therapeutic community. Challenging encounter of classic and open therapeutic communities.

In view of a rapidly changing society, reflected in many changes within the drug-free Therapeutic Communities (TCs), the question has been raised: "What can and cannot be changed in this modality?" This question was addressed at a European conference of experienced therapeutic community workers, who concluded that many changes have occurred and will continue to occur, but some basic concepts should be preserved. The changes inherent in postmodern society are examined here in an effort to foresee their impact on the evolution of the TC. Necessary changes and additions are discussed.

Congresses as Topic↗
PubMed1975

Social integration and the therapeutic community.

The therapeutic community should be defined as an environment which is enabling but not directive. The staff need to become aware of their therapeutic as well as anti-therapeutic potential. Conflict should be overt rather than covert. That society now sees the delinquent as 'sick' is two-edged: Abdication of responsibility is encouraged, and the sick role rewarded. This paper shows how the therapeutic community is effective in encouraging the delinquent to take responsibility for himself and for others. It shows what features make the therapeutic community effective for neurotics for schizophrenics.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Social change in a therapeutic community.

The therapeutic community is a widely used method for treating people with difficulties in their interpersonal relationships. The process by which the residents of this type of treatment center grow personally and interpersonally is described. Methods for assessing the manner in which the residents of therapeutic communities change are also discussed.

Communication↗
PubMed1990

Patient and nurse roles in the therapeutic community.

A therapeutic community consists of an interdisciplinary team working collaboratively with the patient to maximize the patient's potential health. This process requires nursing facilitation of the patient's movement towards and assumption of behaviors inherent in the roles of newcomer, member, and leader. The nurse contributes to the therapeutic milieu in many ways: as a change agent of human behavior, as a manipulator of the dynamic environment, as a confronter of discrepancies, as a role model of interpersonal skills, and as an identified leader with diversified functional skills. The nurse enhances her utilization of the therapeutic community by knowledge of roles enacted by staff, patients, and self.

Hospitals, Psychiatric↗
PubMed1997

Swimming against the tide? A review of the therapeutic community.

OBJECTIVE: The therapeutic community is an established psychiatric treatment method which may be in decline. This paper reviews the nature of inpatient therapeutic community treatment, and re-evaluates its role. METHOD: The principles and practice of such treatment are summarised, with a focus on the functions of staff. RESULTS: The inpatient therapeutic community is conceptualised as combining sociotherapeutic treatment, psychotherapeutic treatment, and the advantages of the inpatient setting. This unique treatment environment allows for therapeutic regression while mitigating against anti-therapeutic behavioural regression. Research evidence supports the efficacy of therapeutic community treatment for patients with borderline personality disorder. CONCLUSION: Further research is needed to assess its efficacy for other diagnostic groups. This intensive treatment approach may be most appropriate for patients who have proved treatment resistant by other means. Possible reasons for the marginalization of therapeutic community treatment are considered. Access to quality inpatient therapeutic community treatment is essential in the provision of a comprehensive psychiatric service.

Borderline Personality Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The "community meeting" in a therapeutic community (author's transl)].

This article explores the aim, structure, direction modalities, the role and intervention of the staff in a 'community meeting'. Problems related to large group phenomena, course, contents and dynamics of that meeting are also studied. We conclude that 'community meeting' is a difficult but indispensable meeting in a therapeutic community. It is the place where the different therapeutic activities of the community can be integrated and where a therapeutic culture can be developed.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Therapeutic communities and prison management: an examination of the effects of operating an in-prison therapeutic community on levels of institutional disorder.

There is a growing emphasis in corrections on the treatment of inmates with drug problems. The typical method of evaluating drug treatment programs is to examine how the treatment affects the inmate in terms of relapse and recidivism. This study examines the institutional consequences of operating a therapeutic community located in a medium/high-security male institution. The effect on management is examined from a perspective of institutional disorder. Disorders, from less severe inmate rule violations to more serious assaults, and rates of grievance filing are examined within the treatment unit and compared with rates in the general population. The inmate's perception of the environment, whether in treatment or non-treatment, is also examined. Findings indicate that in-prison therapeutic communities have lower levels of disorder than nontreatment housing units and tend to produce more positive perceptions of the living environment among the inmates living there. The impact of these findings for prison management is discussed.

Attitude↗
PubMed1981

Defining and understanding the therapeutic community.

The term "therapeutic community" has been used to describe a vast array of milieu therapy techniques; thus the term has come to mean different things to different people. The author defines the therapeutic community through an examination of its historical roots in the British military hospitals of World War II and the development of the treatment concept as an ideology. He classifies therapeutic communities as left, right, or center in their therapeutic ideology. It is in the communities of the center, the least dogmatic and most flexible typology, that the author finds hope for the most effective type of therapy.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗