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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Exploring Professional Experiences in Caring for Vulnerable Migrants in an Italian Rural Reception Centre: A Qualitative Study Using Multidimensional Textual Analysis-Professional Experiences in Rural Migrant Care.

AIM: This study aims to explore the experiences, strengths, challenges, and potential improvements for professionals in managing the complex needs of vulnerable migrants (VM) in an Italian rural reception centre. METHODS: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was conducted in April 2024. Data were analysed using the Automatic Analysis of Textual Data, based on Fraire's seven-step model for Exploratory Multidimensional Data Analysis. DATA SOURCES: Data were collected from 16 professionals working in a rural reception centre in southern Italy. Interviews were conducted and analysed using AATD in April 2024. FINDINGS: The analysis identified two main dimensions of professionals' roles: balancing systemic responsibilities with personal engagement and managing immediate needs versus long-term integration goals. Professionals face significant challenges, such as resource scarcity, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and emotional fatigue, which impact their well-being and the quality of care provided to migrants. Resilience, adaptability, and multidisciplinary collaboration were identified as key strengths. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the dual nature of professionals' work in reception centres, requiring them to balance operational tasks with emotional involvement in migrant care. Targeted interventions and systemic reforms are necessary to support professionals and enhance the quality of care for vulnerable migrants, particularly in resource-constrained rural settings. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE AND/OR PATIENT CARE: This study underscores the importance of providing targeted support to professionals working in reception centres, including training in intercultural competence, stress management, and coping strategies. Policies should address systemic challenges and provide resources to enhance healthcare delivery and social integration programs. REPORTING METHOD: This study adhered to the EQUATOR guidelines for reporting qualitative research (COREQ). The findings were reported in compliance with these guidelines, ensuring methodological rigour and transparency. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE: This study highlights the critical need for targeted support and training for professionals working in reception centres, particularly in rural settings. To improve care for vulnerable migrants, professionals should receive training in intercultural competence, stress management, and coping strategies to better navigate the complex challenges they face. Furthermore, systemic changes are necessary to alleviate the pressures on reception centres, such as streamlining bureaucratic processes and enhancing healthcare infrastructure, particularly in rural areas where resources are limited. By addressing these needs, we can improve the well-being of both the professionals and the migrants they serve, fostering more effective support systems and better care outcomes. Additionally, fostering multidisciplinary collaboration and community engagement can contribute to more comprehensive and sustainable care models. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: The Ethics Committee of the University of Rome Tor Vergata approved this study on 07/07/2021 (protocol registration number 160.21).

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Psychosocial impacts in populations exposed to solid waste facilities.

This interdisciplinary study uses a parallel case study design to investigate psychosocial impacts in populations exposed to three solid waste facilities in Southern Ontario. Impacts are examined at three social scales: individual, social network and community levels. The objectives and design derive from a feasibility study recently completed by the same research team. A two stage approach is adopted. The first is an epidemiologic survey to determine the prevalence of psychosocial impacts in the populations within a prescribed area around each site. A disproportionate stratified (by distance) random sample of 250 households is surveyed at each site. Data on awareness, knowledge, concern and action regarding the site are also obtained. Scores on pre-validated health measurement scales will be compared with population norms to determine the frequency distribution above, within and below the range of normal. The second stage involves the use of qualitative methodologies to provide an in-depth analysis of the individual, social network and community level factors affecting psychosocial impacts and reactions to the situation. Depth interviews with a sub-sample of survey respondents explore individual perceptions, attitudes and actions. Focus groups composed of members of relevant organizations and discussion groups comprising non-members uncover social network and community perspectives in an interactional setting. Interviews and group sessions are taped and transcribed for content analysis of salient themes. Textual analysis of media reports and other relevant documentation provide insights regarding the informational environment and the community context of the issues.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2026

Harnessing survey data across multiple demographic groups in Illinois to assess survey questions and reveal insights about ticks and tick-borne disease risk: a meta-comparison study.

BACKGROUND: Ticks and tick-borne diseases (TTBDs) are major public and veterinary health issues, existing at the intersection of behavioral, environmental, ecological, climatic, and entomological factors. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) surveys have become an insightful tool to yield information regarding the behavioral factors that can predispose individuals to TTBDs. Here we present a unique meta-comparison study of six KAP surveys on TTBDs conducted in Illinois among various demographics: farmers, Extension workers, general public, veterinary, human medicine, and public health professionals. Our goals were multi-fold: (a) to develop an approach to compare KAP surveys used across several stakeholders on a subject of public health concern (i.e., TTBD risk), (b) to analyze the usefulness of questions for revealing information on TTBDs across varied demographic groups in Illinois, and (c) to reveal qualitative insights from the open text survey responses across these surveyed groups. METHODS: We conducted comparative and item response theory (IRT) analysis of all the surveyed questions, which yielded a final set of 39 questions on knowledge and practices, most of them with discriminatory power. Independent textual analysis of the survey responses led to the development of eight separate sub-categories across three main super categories: ticks and tick-borne disease (TBD) risk, TBD treatment and management, and TBD prevention. RESULTS: This study not only introduces a novel approach for comparing multiple KAP surveys on the topic of TTBDs, but also highlights gaps regarding TTBD knowledge, perceptions, and prevention measures among a variety of stakeholders and calls for tailored training and awareness campaigns to reduce the burden of TBDs in the Midwestern US. This meta-comparison approach unveils additional insights from the combined analyses of the KAP surveys. We also discuss perspectives of the surveyed demographics, their experiences with TTBDs, and provide recommendations for future public health efforts. CONCLUSION: These results can guide public health campaigns around TBDs in the United States and help reduce the increasing burden of TBDs on humans and animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Hearing the noise in the system. Exploration of textural analysis as a method for studying change in drinking behaviour.

This paper explores how treatment research is to catch within its design those many unplanned influences which lie outside therapeutic control, but which may influence processes of change. These factors are excluded from the conventional controlled trial. The background literature is briefly reviewed. A study is then described which employed a computer assisted method of textual analysis and an entirely open-ended coding system. The material which was analysed derived from interviews with 49 subjects whose accounts were tape recorded 10 years after treatment contact. Episodes of successful or unsuccessful 'change attempt' (CA) were identified. The two types of CA were compared in relation to coded issues pertaining to the periods before, during and after the episode. A number of significant findings are reported. In the pre-attempt phase 'Success' CAs were significantly associated with traumatic events in the person's life, and with a variety of positive and negative events. During the 'attempt' phase, 'Success' was associated with choice of an abstinence goal. For 'post-attempt', 'Success' was associated with 'Substitution', 'Altruism', 'Fulfillment', and finding the process 'Difficult'. The very preliminary nature of these findings is stressed and the need for further rigorous methodological development.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Strategic uses of narrative in the presentation of self and illness: a research note.

Using Goffman's theory and the methods of narrative analysis, the paper examines the divorce account of a white working-class man with advanced multiple sclerosis to show how he constructs a definition of his divorcing situation, and a positive masculine identity, despite massive disability. He accomplishes this positive self through narrative retelling of key events in his biography, healing discontinuities by the way he structures his account in interaction with the listener. The strategic choice of genre, or forms of narrative, guides the impression we form of him. From this case study, I show the usefulness of close textual analysis of biographical accounts of illness.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The expert teaching system: a new method for learning rhinoplasty using interactive computer graphics.

We have developed software that employs interactive computer graphics to simulate the surgical experience of rhinoplasty by allowing the surgeon to experiment within a model of nasal behavior. For any of three preoperative noses, the surgeon can choose and see the effects of dorsal resection, modification of nasal spine or caudal septum, alar cartilage resection, osteotomy, alar wedge resection, and a variety of nasal grafts. The available choices and views total nearly 3000 images, or approximately 200 different surgical solutions. The surgeon can get textual analysis at any time or see accelerated healing to the projected nasal appearance at 1 year. We believe that the ability to experiment without risk, to safely learn the biological laws governing nasal behavior, should augment the development of surgical judgement in rhinoplasty.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1995

Nursing texts and lesbian contexts: lesbian imagery in the nursing literature.

Using textual analysis, this paper locates and explicates the images of lesbians that have been presented in introductory nursing texts. The author argues that these images, when presented as 'text', adopt a veil of objectivity and neutrality. Textbooks have power and authority, they legitimize the opinions of authors which are often unsupported by evidence. In the case of lesbians, the use of language in texts effectively re-pathologizes that which has been de-pathologized for over 20 years. Implications for scholarly practice are drawn from the findings of this paper.

Australia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computer content analysis of applied biological knowledge in dentistry.

The study suggests that the Inquirer II System used by computers in content analysis of (textual) specific written material has value for longitudinal studies. The research findings indicate that the application of the computer in content analysis requires considerable effort in the preparation of materials and specifications of directions to the computer; standardizes data analysis, thus reducing subjective error in replication of studies; reduced measurement error in longitudinal studies, giving greater stability and power to statistical comparison; classified data as it is collected, quickly and reliably, while tabulating statistical information; reduced costs compared to human coders when used with large amounts of data; and competes effectively with human coders in terms of reliability and validity.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1992

His and hers: male and female anatomy in anatomy texts for U.S. medical students, 1890-1989.

Much recent work on gender has emphasized how ideas of male and female differences underlie cultural assumptions about appropriate social relations, behavior, institutions and knowledge. This study focuses on the specific ways that anatomy texts for medical students in the United States have presented male and female anatomy between 1890 and 1989, using both numerical data and analysis of textual examples from 31 texts. Despite public debates about gender representation, anatomy texts have generally remained consistent in how 'the' human body has been depicted in this century. In illustrations, vocabulary and syntax, these texts primarily depict male anatomy as the norm or standard against which female structures are compared. Modern texts thus continue long-standing historical conventions in which male anatomy provides the basic model for 'the' human body.

Anatomy↗
PubMed2025

BioMedGraphica: An All-in-One Platform for Joint Textual Biomedical Prior Knowledge and Numeric Graph Generation.

Multi-omic data analysis is essential for scientific discovery in precision medicine. However, translating statistical results of omic data analysis into novel scientific hypothesis remains a significant challenge. Human experts must manually review analysis results and generate new hypothesis based on extensive and inter-connected biomedical prior knowledge, which is subjective and not scalable. While large language models (LLMs) can accelerate the discovery, their reasoning improves when grounded in structured, auditable and comprehensive biomedical prior knowledge. Biomedical knowledge, however, is scattered across heterogeneous databases that use diverse and inconsistent nomenclature systems, making it difficult to integrate resources into a unified format for scalable analysis. This fragmentation limits the ability of AI systems to fully leverage biomedical data for scientific discovery. To address these challenges, we developed BioMedGraphica , an all-in-one platform that harmonizes fragmented biomedical resources by integrating 11 entity types and 30 relation types from 43 databases into a unified knowledge graph containing 2,306,921 entities and 27,232,091 relations. In addition, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to propose a novel Textual-Numeric Graph (TNG) data-structure for multi-omics data analysis. In TNG, textual information captures prior biological knowledge (e.g., transcription start sites, functions, mechanisms), while numeric values represent quantitative biomedical features, and the integrated relations can help uncover mechanisms. By bridging prior knowledge with user-specific data, TNG is a novel and ideal data-structure for the development of graph foundation models, with the potential to improve prediction performance and interpretability, while also augmenting LLMs by supplying graph-structured mechanistic context to strengthen reasoning. The details for BioMedGraphica code can be accessed by github link: https://github.com/FuhaiLiAiLab/BioMedGraphica and BioMedGraphica knowledge graph data can be downloaded from huggingface dataset: https://huggingface.co/datasets/FuhaiLiAiLab/BioMedGraphica.

biomedical knowledge graph↗
PubMed2026

BioMedGraphica: an all-in-one platform for joint textual biomedical prior knowledge and numeric graph generation.

MOTIVATION: Multiomics data analysis is essential for scientific discovery in precision medicine. However, translating analysis results of omics data analysis into novel scientific hypotheses remains a significant challenge. Human experts must manually review analysis results and generate new hypotheses based on extensive and interconnected biomedical prior knowledge, which is subjective and not scalable. While large language models can accelerate the discovery, their reasoning improves when grounded in structured, auditable, and comprehensive biomedical prior knowledge. However, biomedical knowledge is scattered across heterogeneous databases that use diverse and inconsistent nomenclature systems, making it difficult to integrate resources into a unified format for scalable analysis. This fragmentation limits the ability of artificial intelligence systems to fully leverage biomedical data for scientific discovery. RESULTS: We developed BioMedGraphica, a novel all-in-one platform that harmonizes fragmented biomedical resources by integrating 11 entity types and 30 relation types from 43 databases into a unified textual prior knowledge graph containing 2 306 921 entities and 27 232 091 relations. In addition, we present a novel textual-numeric graph (TNG) data structure concept, where textual information captures prior biological knowledge (e.g. transcription start sites, functions, mechanisms), numeric values represent quantitative biomedical features, and the integrated relations can help uncover mechanisms. By bridging prior knowledge with user-specific data, TNG is a novel and ideal data structure for developing novel graph analysis models. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The code is available at: https://github.com/FuhaiLiAiLab/BioMedGraphica and BioMedGraphica knowledge graph database can be downloaded from huggingface dataset: https://huggingface.co/datasets/FuhaiLiAiLab/BioMedGraphica.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

The use of organizational strategies to improve memory for prose passages.

Previous studies have shown that incidental memory for the material increases when older adults are forced to analyze material to the extent necessary to impose an organizational structure. The present experiment sought to extend this finding by examining the effects of enforced organizational strategies on the memory of older adults for textual material. Young and old adults were required to sort the scrambled sentences of a prose passage into the correct order. A subsequent incidental memory test showed that, when older adults were required to make an in-depth analysis to sort the material, their incidental memory for the textual information was approximately equal to that of their younger counterparts. Additional analysis revealed that, although older adults spent more time sorting the material than did younger adults, it was only when required to analyze the material to a sufficient degree that the older adults showed any improvement in memory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Models and practice in medicine: menopause as syndrome or life transition?

Biomedical knowledge, like scientific knowledge in general, is a product of a social and culture milieu. Moreover, in the analysis of biomedicine a distinction must be maintained between textual and clinical knowledge. Through examination of medical texts and of social science literature, the susceptibility of menopause to numerous interpretations is demonstrated. The generation of clinical models from current information available to physicians is examined and it is suggested that these can be thought of as folk models. Several current clinical models of menopause are presented and the implications for sociological analysis of the subject discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Exploratory analysis of the medical record.

Current patient information systems such as SCAMP have the capacity to store not only highly-structured information such as problem codes, drug lists and laboratory values, but also richer, clinically-descriptive information such as comprehensive natural language problem summaries and other textual data that retain the full clinical information used by physicians in managing their patients. The clinical importance, richness, and extensiveness of this information suggest that techniques which allow computers to process textual data may play a helpful role in clinical research. The analysis programs of the SCAMP system have been developed to explore the potential of this approach.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
PubMed1992

Discourse analysis: a new methodology for understanding the ideologies of health and illness.

Discourse analysis is an interdisciplinary field of inquiry which has been little employed by public health practitioners. The methodology involves a focus upon the sociocultural and political context in which text and talk occur. Discourse analysis is, above all, concerned with a critical analysis of the use of language and the reproduction of dominant ideologies (belief systems) in discourse (defined here as a group of ideas or patterned way of thinking which can both be identified in textual and verbal communications and located in wider social structures). Discourse analysis adds a linguistic approach to an understanding of the relationship between language and ideology, exploring the way in which theories of reality and relations of power are encoded in such aspects as the syntax, style and rhetorical devices used in texts. This paper argues that discourse analysis is pertinent to the concerns of public health, for it has the potential to lay bare the ideological dimension of such phenomena as lay health beliefs, the doctor-patient relationship, and the dissemination of health information in the entertainment mass media. This dimension is often neglected by public health research. The method of discourse analysis is explained, and examples of its use in the area of public health given.

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The CODATA/IUIS Hybridoma Data Bank: development of a hybrid system to handle complex data relationships.

System design for the Hybridoma Data Bank, a database of comprehensive information on immunoreagents for use by scientists in diverse disciplines, is described. Unique problems include: use of nomenclature from diverse fields that is neither static nor standard; the need for two representations of the database--textual for readability and numeric for complex search capabilities, analysis and data compression; and a method of translating between the two representations of the database.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

On studying the discourse of medical encounters. A critique of quantitative and qualitative methods and a proposal for reasonable compromise.

Studies of doctor-patient communication, although leading to diverse findings, have not lent themselves to replication and also have not captured important features of medical discourse. Quantitative methods alone do not deal with the complexities of medical encounters, usually are not helpful in analyzing the social context of discourse, do not clarify underlying themes and structures, and are costly and tedious to use. With qualitative methods, the selection of discourse for analysis is not straightforward, quality of interpretation is difficult to evaluate, and textual presentation is not clear-cut. Several criteria of an appropriate method offer reasonable compromises in dealing with medical discourse: 1) discourse should be selected through a sampling procedure, preferably a randomized technique; 2) recordings of sampled discourse should be available for review by other observers; 3) standardized rules of transcription should be used; 4) the reliability of transcription should be assessed by multiple observers; 5) procedures of interpretation should be decided in advance, should be validated in relation to theory, and should address both content and structure of texts; 6) the reliability of applying interpretive procedures should be assessed by multiple observers; 7) a summary and excerpts from transcripts should accompany the interpretation, but full transcripts should also be available for review; and 8) texts and interpretations should convey the variability of content and structure across sampled texts. An ongoing study applies these criteria to research on ideology and social control in medical encounters.

Communication↗