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[Localized tetanus].

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Tetanus↗
PubMed1958

The activity of a variety of chemical compounds against experimental tetanus.

A range of chemical compounds, mostly with central nervous system depressant activity, have been tested against experimental tetanus in the rabbit. A number of the more potent tested, including mephenesin, betanaphthoxyethanol, barbiturates and phenothiazine derivatives, have been accurately assayed by a method of quantitative electromyography. Phenothiazine derivatives were found to be the most potent anticonvulsants and of these acetylpromazine had the greatest activity. The difficulties of direct comparison of the potency of substances from different chemical groups is discussed.

Acepromazine↗
PubMed1961

Tachyphylaxis to the antitetanus activity of some phenothiazine compounds.

Although chlorpromazine and acepromazine were the most potent suppressants of local tetanus induced in rabbits by intramuscular injection of the toxin of Cl. tetani, repeated injections lost their effect (tachyphylaxis) and sometimes even increased muscle activity, as did single large injections of either of the two drugs. As neither tachyphylaxis nor stimulation occurred in spinal animals, these effects might arise from an action in the brain-stem reticular formation on which chlorpromazine has been shown to have both inhibitory and excitatory effects. The possible cause of the tachyphylaxis is discussed. Evidence is advanced to support the view that tachyphylaxis can occur when chlorpromazine is used in the treatment of tetanus in man. Methotrimeprazine was more potent than chlorpromazine, but less prone to induce tachyphylaxis. These qualities rendered it more desirable for clinical use than the other two compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1961

Centrally acting muscle relaxants in tetanus.

The anti-tetanus activity of a number of phenothiazine derivatives and other centrally acting muscle relaxants, such as mephenesin, dicyclopropyl ketoxime, 2-amino-6-methylbenzothiazole and meprobamate, has been determined in rabbits with experimental local tetanus. Structure-activity relationships were obtained for the phenothiazine derivatives and their anti-tetanus activity correlated with other central and peripheral properties. Both dicyclopropyl ketoxime and 2-amino-6-methyl-benzothiazole were twice as active as mephenesin. Meprobamate does not appear to be primarily a muscle relaxant of the mephenesin type.

Animals↗
PubMed1962

Site of action of chlorpromazine and mephenesin in experimental tetanus.

The anti-tetanus activities of chlorpromazine and mephenesin have been determined quantitatively in intact, spinal and decerebrate rabbits with local tetanus. The activity of chlorpromazine in the spinal animal differed from that in the intact and decerebrate animal and depended on the level of brain-stem section. Mephenesin was equally effective in all preparations and probably suppressed tetanus by blocking transmission in motor pathways in the spinal cord.

Animals↗