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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Experimentally induced synovitis of chickens with Mycoplasma synoviae: effects of dexamethasone treatment.

Specific - pathogen - free chickens were inoculated in the right tibiometatarsal joint with a synovitis-derived Mycoplasma synoviae strain before or during dexamethasone treatment. Development of synovitis in chickens inoculated during the drug treatment was apparently delayed in comparison with development of synovitis in non-treated chickens. Severity of clinical synovitis in chickens inoculated before the drug was given was apparently less than that in chickens not treated or in chickens treated with dexamethasone. Histopathologic changes in the early stage of the infection (1 to 2 weeks) were not modified by dexamethasone treatment, although those changes in the succeeding stage (6 to 7 weeks) were greatly lessened. A relationship was observed between the dosage of dexamethasone and the severity of synovitis, as well as the kinds of cells that infiltrated into the joint lesions. Although serum antibody titers in chickens treated with an excessive dose of dexamethasone were markedly lower, clinical, bacteriologic, and histopathologic observations in chickens treated with dexamethasone were similar to those previously found in surgically thymectomized chickens. These results may support the theory that multiple synovitis of chickens caused by M synoviae infection develops mainly because of an immune response, especially by thymus-dependent functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Chronic monarticular synovitis. Diagnostic and prognostic features.

Data have been analysed from a retrospective review of 151 patients with monarthritis of more than 3 months' duration, usually involving the knee joint. The largest group, 49 patients (32%), had synovitis of unknown cause, 44 (29%) had synovitis probably associated with osteoarthrosis and 13 (9%) were diagnosable at presentation as having rheumatoid arthritis according to American Rheumatism Association (1959) criteria, which include serological and histological findings. There was only one case of tuberculous synovitis. Twelve of the thirteen patients diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis developed involvement in other joints. In most other conditions, however, including synovitis of uknown cause, the prognosis was favourable, with either improvement or complete remission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Coccidioidal synovitis of the knee.

Four patients are described with documented coccicioidal synovitis of the knee joint. In two of them, no previous diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis had been made prior to diagnosis of coccidioidal synovitis. The other two had active disease after courses of amphotericin B administered both parenterally and intra-articularly for disseminated coccidioidomycosis and coccidioidal synovitis. After synovectomy and limited parenteral amphotericin B therapy, none of the four patients whos evidence of active synovial infection two to seven years later. Synovectomy appears to be an important aspect of the optimal therapy of coccidioidal synovitis of the knee, and when performed, the parenteral dosage of amphotericin B can be limited. Intra-articularly administered amphotericin B is also advocated when possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Pseudo-tumoral aspect of a post-traumatic digital synovitis].

A case is described of post-traumatic subacute synovitis of a finger exhibiting pseudo-tumoral appearance and radiographic bony changes. Arteriography showed non-malignant hypervascularisation suggesting a benign synovial tumour. Biopsy established a diagnosis of simple subacute synovitis. The swelling regressed spontaneously over the subsequent months. In the case of simple post-traumatic subacute synovitis differential diagnosis should take into account the possibility of villonodular synovitis which involves histiocyte proliferation.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of osmic acid in the treatment of immune synovitis.

Thirty-seven New Zealand rabbits were observed for up to 1 year after their knee joints were instilled with 1 ml of 1% osmic acid. A selective destruction of synovial lining cells occurred with a concurrent synovitis, but lining cell regenerated by the eighth week. Nonprogressive abnormalities were also present in the cartilage. When an immune synovitis was induced in both knees of 16 rabbits, the osmic acid treated joint demonstrated a significantly greater synovitis and progressive aberrations compared to the untreated knee.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Pseudotumoral aspect of posttraumatic digital synovitis.

A case of posttraumatic subacute synovitis with pseudotumor of the digit with bone lesions on plain film is reported. Arteriography showed a pattern of hypervascularity that did not appear malignant and evoked a benign tumor of the synovial. Biopsy helped establish diagnosis of common subacute synovitis. Swelling disappeared spontaneously during subsequent months. Diagnosis of villonodular synovitis is difficllt when proliferation of histiocytes is present.

Angiography↗
PubMed1977

Villonodular synovitis with synovial chondromatosis.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis and synovial chondromatosis are uncommon benign lesions involving the articular surfaces of diarthrodial joints. Reported is a case of a benign synovial lesion of the temporomandibular joint, which was clinically thought to be a malignant parotid compartment tumor, showing histologic features of both pigmented villonodular synovitis and synovial chondromatosis. A review of the literature reveals a single case in which cartilaginous bodies were found in the joint; however, the synovial tissue showed features of only villonodular synovitis, with no mention of cartilaginous foci.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1979

Angiography in synovitis of the knee.

In inappropriately treated synovitides of the knee joint with shift towards a villonodular inversion, an inflammatory angiographic symptomatology may be expected which is different according to the seriousness of the illness including (1) local hyperaemia, (2) deviation of arteries, (3) morphologic and formative vascular inversions and (4) diffusion of the contrast material into synovitic conglomerates and (5) shunts. From these findings the stadia of synovitis may be evaluated, including the extent and place of the villonodular inversion in the clinically or arthrographically inaccessible sites. Differential-diagnostic contributions to the origin of the synovitis cannot be expected from angiography and biochemical as well as bacteriological methods (cultivation) remain necessary. Despite this, angiography has its supplementary value in all cases where an analysis of synovitis is impossible by other means and also in all cases, where the extent of the synovitic changes must be evaluated for an operative treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Synovitis in polymyalgia rheumatica.

Synovitis was observed in 13 out of 88 consecutive patients with polymyalgia rheumatica. It is described in detail in five patients, on the basis of clinical radiological observations, joint aspiration, arthroscopy and biopsy. The synovitis of polymyalgia rheumatica cannot be distinguished histologically or at arthroscopy from the appearance seen in mild rheumatoid arthritis. Clinically, however, the synovitis of polymyalgia rheumatica is mild, transient and confined to one or two joints or tendon sheaths. It is not followed by joint deformity or by radiological erosive changes in the bone ends. It may occur at any stage of the disease but particularly at its onset, or when the dose of corticosteroid treatment is reduced.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Synovitis secondary to non-metallic foreign bodies.

Eight cases of non-metallic foreign body synovitis are presented. In all cases, an apparently innocuous penetrating injury led to synovitis, and early articular cartilage destruction. Delay in appropriate diagnosis frequently occurred because of confusion regarding the management of these injuries. Pitfalls identified were: 1) failure to appreciate the seriousness of the initial injury and to debride the wound appropriately; 2) failure to obtain satisfactory initial radiographs; 3) failure to explore the wounds surgically; 4) failure to appreciate that a symptom-free interval may follow foreign body penetration. Synovectomy was necessary in six cases to ensure removal of either microscopic or hidden gross particulate matter. Pathologically, these specimens showed chronic synovitis and foreign body granuloma. The implications of such foreign bodies to longterm joint degeneration are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Lymphokines in rheumatoid synovitis.

In antigen-induced experimental arthritis of rabbits, a macrophage migration inhibitory factor was released from the inflamed synovial tissues. A migration inhibitory factor, blastogenic factor, and B-cell-stimulating factor were also found in human rheumatoid synovial fluids and culture supernatants of rheumatoid tissue explants. Joint fluids from patients with inflammatory conditions other than RA sometimes also displayed these activities. OA fluids were usually inactive. At present, little is known of the origin or role in vivo of the lymphokine-like activities observed in the joints of rheumatoid patients. In related experiments, injection of lymphokine-rich antigen-free lymphocyte supernatants into normal rabbit knee joints produced a synovitis characterized by lining layer hyperplasia and infiltration of the sublining layer by macrophages. The lymphocytic and plasmacytic components seen in active antigen-induced synovitis were absent. It seems likely that some of the changes observed in active chronic synovitis are mediated by soluble factors of the lymphokine variety.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Pigmented villonodular synovitis in multiple joints. Occurrence in a child with cavernous haemangioma of lip and pulmonary stenosis.

A case is presented of pigmented villonodular synovitis involving three joints in a 7-year-old girl. The diagnosis was confirmed at surgery and by histology. The patient also exhibited a haemangioma of the upper lip and a congenital pulmonary stenosis of mild degree. Subtotal synovectomy of the right knee and of both ankles was performed. The lesion recurred in both ankles after 6 months. Review of the literature failed to reveal any previous report of multiple joint involvement by pigmented villonodular synovitis in childhood and it appears that simultaneous involvement of three joints has not previously been described. Scintiscanning with 99mTc stannous pyrophosphate showed increased vascularity of the involved joints immediately after injection, but no increased osteoblastic activity was seen on the delayed scan. This radionuclide scanning technique is therefore helpful in distinguishing pigmented villonodular synovitis from other arthropathies.

Ankle↗
PubMed1979

An evaluation of repeat intra-articular injections of yttrium-90 colloids in persistent synovitis of the knee.

The effectiveness of a second intra-articular injection of yttrium-90 colloid was studied in 30 patients with persistent synovitis of the knee. All had responded poorly to a first injection of yttrium-90 yet seemed likely to benefit from this therapy. With a minimum review period of 6 months complete remission of synovitis was obtained in 20%, while 63% gained symptomatic relief, with some reduction of synovitis. No improvement occurred in 17%, and in this group generalised disease activity was more apparent.

Colloids↗
PubMed1976

Ultrastructural studies of rabbit synovitis induced by autologous IgG fragments. I. Proliferation of the lining cells.

The synovial lining cells of rabbits with experimental synovitis induced by intra-articular injection of cathepsin D-digested autologous IgG fragments (Fab2) have been subjected to electronmicroscopic study. From 3 to 50 such injections resulted in hyperplasia of the lining layer with an increase in the numbers of phagocytic and synthetic cells. Morphologically the phagocytes were classified into monocyte-like cells, mature and immature phagocytes, and epitheloid=like cells, indicating that synovial M cells may originate from blood monocytes that differentiate in situ like the monocytes in other tissues. The finding of "undifferentiated" (mesenchymal), transitional and mature synthetic cells in the lining layer suggests that synovial F cells are derived from the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells persisting in the synovial membrane in postnatal life. In the animals with synovitis, the synthetic cells were found to undergo mitosis but not the phagocytic cells. It is concluded that the hyperplasia of the lining layer is due to two distinct processes, namely invasion by precursors of M cells (monocytes) and local proliferation of F cells. As far as immune reactions involved in the synovitis are concerned, the possible roles played by lysosomal substances in these two processes are also discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Localized regressive articular cartilage changes in the hip joint of the rabbit following an induced synovitis.

A talcum induced synovitis in the hip joint of the rabbit, which is known to cause articular cartilage hyperplasia followed by femoral head protrusion and joint incongruency, has in the present experiment also been shown to lead to localized regressive articular cartilage changes. The articular cartilage of the hip joints in 40 rabbits was examined histologically, at intervals, following induction of such a talcum synovitis. Regressive changes in the form of loss of surface chondrocytes and glycosaminoglycans sometimes accompanied by fibrillation, were found in the area of the femoral head articular cartilage which had become flattened following the head protrusion. Chondrocyte cloning facilitated subsequent cartilage repair. The biomechanical disturbance in the joint following the induced synovitis is felt to have caused the regressive changes. The experiment is considered to have some significance in connection with Legg-Calvé-Perthes' Syndrome (L.C.P.S.) in children.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of strain of Mycoplasma synoviae and route of infection on development of synovitis or airsacculitis in broilers.

Two strains of Mycoplasma synoviae (WVU 1853 and F10-2AS) were compared for their relative pathogenicity in terms of airsacculitis and synovitis. Both strains produced air-sac lesions after aerosol exposure of chickens vaccinated against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis; both produced synovitis when inoculated into the foot pad. The WVU 1853 strain was more likely to result in synovitis, whereas the F10-2AS strain was more apt to produce air-sac lesions.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1975

Osmic acid treatment for rheumatoid synovitis.

47 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and synovitis were treated with intra-articular injection of hydrocortisone and 52 patients with both hydrocortisone acetate and osmic acid. In another series of 24 patients with synovitis in both knees were injected with osmic acid to the more seriously affected knee and with methylprednisoloneacetate to the other knee. Osmic acid gave better improvement than corticosteroid alone, although the difference between th groups of the latter series was not statistically significant. On the basis of previous investigations and this study osmic acid is one alternative to radiation or surgical synovectomy in rheumatoid synovitis. The therapeutic result is not always satisfactory but facility of treatment and minor side effects are the advantages of osmic acid therapy.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1978

Immune synovitis in rabbits. Effects of differing schedules for intra-articular challenge with antigen.

The effects of varying intra-articular (ia) doses of bovine serum albumin (BSA) antigen on immune synovitis in rabbits have been investigated. Chronic synovitis, characterized by mononuclear cell infiltration in synovial tissues, was induced by a single ia challenge with BSA in sensitized rabbits. However, cartilage and bone erosions and pannus formation were rarely observed. By varying the number and magnitude of the BSA challenges, lesions with different characteristics were observed at different times of analysis of joint pathology. In 3- to 10-week studies, multiple ia challenges with BSA produced lesions characterized by severe cartilage and bone changes; polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) exudates; and mononuclear cells and, sometimes, PMNs in synovial tissues. Substantial increases in knee widths and synovial tissue weights also observed. By increasing the frequency of ia injections, more severe changes were produced more rapidly, so that within a 3-week period, the animals also experienced pain and were unable to fully extend their antigen-challenged knees. Some of the lesions observed in immune synovis resembled those in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the presence of large numbers of PMNs in synovial tissue under certain conditions suggests some possible differences between the pathogenesis of experimental synovitis and RA.

Animals↗