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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Immunohistochemical studies of normal sweat glands, sweat gland tumors and extramammary Paget's disease. I. Immunohistochemical studies of normal sweat glands].

Localizations of 18 antigens in normal sweat glands were analyzed. The antigens were roughly classified into 8 antigens: 1) distributed throughout the epithelial cells; 2) localized in whole sweat glands; 3) localized only in the secretory portion of sweat glands; 4) localized only in the inner cells of ductal portion of sweat glands; 5) localized in the myoepithelial cells; 6) localized only in the outer cells of dermal ducts of eccrine glands; 7) localized only seen in some of apocrine glands; 8) seen in the inflamed sweat glands. Based on these findings, I discussed about the forms and meanings of localization of those antigens.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Immunohistochemical studies of normal sweat glands, sweat gland tumors and extramammary Paget's diseases. II. Immunohistochemical studies of sweat gland tumors and extramammary Paget's diseases].

Localizations of 18 antigens were analyzed in 41 cases with benign sweat gland tumors (13 with eccrine acrospiroma, 4 with eccrine spiradenoma, 2 with hidroacanthoma simplex, 9 with chondroid syringoma, 4 with syringocystadenoma papilliferum, 1 with tubular apocrine adenoma, 1 with papillary eccrine adenoma, 1 with apocrine cystadenoma, 1 with cylindroma, 5 with syringoma), 14 with malignant sweat gland tumors (7 with eccrine porocarcinoma, 3 with eccrine duct carcinoma, 3 with apocrine gland carcinoma, 1 with mucinous carcinoma) and 13 with extramammary Paget's disease. The results I obtained were compared with those in the normal sweat glands for determination of a differentiation of each tumor.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical demonstration of ferritin in sweat gland and sweat gland neoplasms.

Using a rabbit anti-human liver ferritin antibody, we examined the binding patterns of this reagent in normal skin and observed a unique binding pattern limited to the outermost layer of the eccrine duct. Examination of a variety of sweat gland neoplasms revealed 2 distinct patterns. One was the binding of this antibody to the outermost layer of cells in the epithelial cords of syringoma, producing a characteristic ring when seen in cross-section. This pattern of binding did not occur in other neoplasms known to be related to the eccrine duct such as dermal duct tumor and eccrine poroma. Only sparse sporadic binding occurred in other eccrine and apocrine neoplasms. A second characteristic binding pattern, not related to that noted in syringoma and diffuse in pattern, was seen in acrospiroma and in a number of adnexal carcinomas. Diffuse ferritin expression has been described in malignant neoplasms in tissues other than skin. Diffuse ferritin staining of certain sweat gland neoplasms may be an indication of biologic activity and potential aggressivity of these neoplasms.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2006

Potentiality of mesenchymal stem cells in regeneration of sweat glands.

Sweat glands play some key roles in homeostasis maintenance and body temperature regulation. In full-thickness burn wounds, sweat glands cannot regenerate to form their three-dimensional organization via the division and terminal differentiation of sweat gland cells. However, the plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may offer the hope and potentiality to regenerate sweat glands after severe burn injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Sebaceous gland and sweat gland carcinomas of the skin. Clinicopathological study and significance of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression.

Thirteen sebaceous gland carcinomas and 10 sweat gland carcinomas were examined to elucidate any important histological parameters influencing their prognosis, and the relationship between immunohistochemical expressions of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein and survival of the patients was analyzed. Sebaceous gland carcinomas with vacuolated cytoplasm in more than 50% of whole tumor area, with necrosis, and without lymphoid cell infiltration in tumor nests and stroma had a higher incidence of tumor recurrence and tumor-related death than tumors with vacuolated cytoplasm in 50% or less of whole tumor area (p < 0.01), without necrosis, and with lymphoid cell infiltration in tumor nest and stroma (p < 0.05). Sweat gland carcinomas of all cases with fatal outcomes demonstrated tubular differentiation in 20% or less of whole tumor area, lymphatic permeation and desmoplastic reaction. Three sebaceous gland carcinomas and three sweat gland carcinomas were positive for c-erbB-2 oncoprotein. Two of three sebaceous gland carcinomas, and all three sweat gland carcinomas developed tumor recurrence and ended in tumor-related deaths. Sweat gland carcinomas with c-erbB-2 expression had significantly shorter survival than those with negative immunostain (p < 0.01). Cytoplasmic appearance, tumor necrosis, and lymphoid cell infiltration in tumor nests and stroma of sebaceous gland carcinoma, and tubular differentiation, lymphatic permeation, and growth patterns of sweat gland carcinoma are considered to closely correlate to the prognosis. Immunohistochemically detected c-erbB-2 oncoprotein may be an indicator of bad prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Immunohistochemical staining of normal sweat glands.

Sweat glands from normal skin obtained at autopsy or as routine biopsies were examined using a panel of immunoperoxidase-linked antibodies. The results indicate that such a panel of antibodies defines all known functional regions of the eccrine sweat gland and provides a reliable distinction from all other skin elements.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1972

The variable prevalence of junctional-complex-associated bodies in the human sweat gland.

Sweat gland biopsies have been examined for their content of junctional-complex-associated (JCA) bodies. These bodies have been observed at the lumen of the gland as well as the intercellular canaliculi. A JCA body was encountered in each of two dark cells with uncondensed secretory granules; one of these cells was from a specimen in which no other bodies could be found after an extensive search. All other JCA bodies occurred in either clear or undifferentiated cells. Junctional-complex-associated bodies occupied pairs of adjacent cells rather frequently, but no cell revealed more than one body. The prevalence of JCA bodies varied widely among specimens. Glands lacking morphologic abnormalities, and others with some atypical features, disclosed few or no such bodies. Some glands that contained JCA bodies also contained coil cells with extensive vacuolization, which occurred as a manifestation of Hurler's disease or on an unexplained basis. Glands from a patient with cystic fibrosis exhibited the highest prevalence of JCA bodies. Some of the coil profiles in glands near a scar in one specimen were composed of undifferentiated cells with rare mitotic figures and no identifiable clear or dark cells. Numerous JCA bodies, particularly at the lumen, were found in sweat glands in this and another specimen containing frequent undifferentiated cells.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1999

Development of muscarinic receptors and regulation of secretory responsiveness in rodent sweat glands.

Sweat glands are innervated by sympathetic neurons which undergo a change in transmitter phenotype from noradrenergic to cholinergic during development. As soon as the glands begin to differentiate, M3 muscarinic receptor mRNA and binding sites are detectable. Receptor expression appears in the absence of innervation and is maintained after denervation. While receptor expression is not regulated by innervation, secretory responsiveness is. Muscarinic blockade during development or in adult animals results in the loss of responsiveness and its reappearance requires several days. Cholinergic muscarinic activation is most likely to regulate one or more steps in the signalling cascade that are downstream of calcium mobilization. The anterograde regulation of sweat gland responsiveness is one facet of the reciprocal interactions are required to establish a functional synapse in this system.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1994

Changes in the number of active sweat glands (palmar sweat index, PSI) during a distressing film.

Changes of the number of active palmar sweat glands (palmar sweat index, PSI) as assessed by the plastic finger-print method were studied in two groups of female students (n = 21 each). In both samples experiments involved an initial adaptation period, several relaxation phases and an activation period (presentation of a movie). The film was shown 10 min earlier in Group 1, for which in turn follow-up was twice as long. Prints for determination of PSI were taken every 2.5 min from the forefinger and ring finger of the left hand, and recordings of SCL, SF (number of spontaneous fluctuations) and HR were made during the corresponding intervals. Both within- and between-groups comparisons showed an increase of PSI during the activation period and a decrease afterwards. Similar effects were observed for SCL, SF and affective and somatic arousal assessed by a state questionnaire. A decrease of PSI and parameters of electrodermal activity during the first measurements indicated an initial reaction to the assessment procedure itself. Both within-subject and between-subjects correlations between PSI from both fingers showed high parallel test reliabilities, while correlations with electrodermal variables indicated a common physiological basis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The control of potassium (86Rb+) efflux in the isolated human sweat gland.

Sweat glands, isolated from strips of human skin and pre-loaded with 86Rb+, a marker of potassium transport, were superfused with physiological saline and rate constants for 86Rb+ efflux calculated. The rate of efflux during superfusion with Ca2+-free saline was lower than that measured in the presence of calcium (2.56 mM). Acetylcholine increased the rate of 86Rb+ efflux and this response could be resolved into two components: an initial transient phase which was Ca2+-independent and a slowly declining Ca2+-dependent phase. Adrenaline only caused a Ca2+-dependent increase in efflux. It is suggested that the potassium permeability of the secretory cells increases during activity.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1984

The effects of a psychological "stressor" and raised ambient temperature on the pharmacological responsiveness of human eccrine sweat glands: implications for sweat gland hyper-responsiveness in anxiety states.

The responsiveness of eccrine sweat glands to local intradermal injections of carbachol was studied in six male healthy volunteers using a plastic paint impression method. A psychological "stressor" (performance of a mental arithmetic task) resulted in an increase in the sizes of the responses evoked by carbachol, this being reflected in a higher value of Emax obtained under the "stress" than under the "non-stress" condition. A rise in ambient temperature from 20 degrees C to 35 degrees C resulted in qualitatively similar effects on the dose-response curve. These results are discussed in the context of recent observations on the pharmacological responsiveness of sweat glands in patients suffering from anxiety neurosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Expression of transglutaminase 1 in human hair follicles, sebaceous glands and sweat glands.

To explore the function of the enzyme transglutaminase 1 (TGase 1), its distribution was analysed by immunofluorescence microscopy, postembedding immunoelectron microscopy and in situ hybridization. TGase 1 was expressed in the outer root sheath (ORS) cells in the distal portion of the isthmus and infundibulum of human hair follicles. In the level of the proximal and middle portion of the isthmus, TGase 1 was observed in the keratinized area of the inner root sheath (IRS) and ORS cells. In the bulbar and suprabulbar portions, TGase 1 was present in the ORS and IRS cells. The cortex and medulla cells in these regions also contained TGase 1. A high level of fluorescence was observed at the cuticle of the cortex. Sebaceous and sweat gland cells contained abundant TGase 1. Possible functions of TGase 1 in these epidermal appendages are discussed.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect↗
PubMed1992

Localization of androgen receptors in human skin by immunohistochemistry: implications for the hormonal regulation of hair growth, sebaceous glands and sweat glands.

A mouse monoclonal antibody against the N-terminal region of human androgen receptor (AR) was used to identify receptors by immunoperoxidase staining in frozen serial sections of skin from scalp, face, limb and genitalia of men and women aged 30-80 years. AR staining was restricted to cell nuclei. In sebaceous glands, AR were identified in basal and differentiating sebocytes. The percentage of receptor-positive basal sebocyte nuclei in the temple/forehead region was greater in males (65%) than in females (29%). AR staining was restricted to the cells of dermal papillae in anagen and telogen hair follicles. The percentage of dermal papillae containing AR was greater in males (58%) than in females (20%). The number of positively stained dermal papillae was lowest in female scalp skin. In 163 hair follicles sectioned, AR were absent from germinative matrix, outer root sheath (including the bulge region), inner root sheath, hair shaft and hair bulb, and from the capillaries present in some large dermal papillae. AR were present in pilosebaceous duct keratinocytes, suggesting that androgens may influence pilosebaceous duct keratinization. AR were also identified in interfollicular epidermal keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts although, in both cell types, intensity and frequency of staining were greatest in genital skin. AR were identified in luminal epithelial cells of apocrine glands in genital skin and in certain cells of the secretory coils of eccrine sweat glands in all body sites. This study indicates that androgens regulate sebaceous gland and hair growth by acting upon two different types of target cells, the epithelial sebocytes of sebaceous glands and the mesenchymal cells of the hair follicle dermal papilla.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effects of thermal stimulation on the ultrastructure of the fundus and duct of the equine sweat gland.

Sweating in the horse had little effect on the ultrastructure of the glandular duct, other than on the lumen which enlarged. The fundus secretory cells, which in the resting gland were packed with vesicles, gradually lost them as sweating progressed until, after 4 hours of activity, few remained. Sweat appeared to be largely the product of secretion (a) by fluid transport, probably involving a region of complex cellular interdigitations adjacent to the basement membrane and (b) by exocytosis of vesicles, although a secondary mechanism of vesicle loss by micro-apocrine secretion may occur. However, the products of cell death also contribute to sweat formation. The myoepithelium appeared contracted throughout. The function of the lower duct body, where complex basal infoldings of the luminal cells penetrated to the basement membrane, may differ from that of the upper portion. Dendritic Langerhans cells were found between the epithelia throughout the duct and fundus.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Prognostic value of immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen, p53, and c-erbB-2 in sebaceous gland carcinoma and sweat gland carcinoma: comparison with histopathological parameter.

Thirteen cases of sebaceous gland carcinoma and 10 cases of sweat gland carcinoma were studied using immunohistochemical staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), c-erbB-2, and p53 to examine correlations among them, and to determine the best predictor of patient prognosis. Many sebaceous gland carcinomas and sweat gland carcinomas showed nuclear accumulation of p53, and patients with tumors showing a PCNA index (percentage of nuclei stained for PCNA) higher than 20%, and a p53 index (percentage of nuclei stained for p53) higher than 10% had short survival. Sebaceous gland carcinomas and sweat gland carcinomas showing c-erbB-2 expression had high PCNA (> 20%) and p53 (> 10%) indices, and were associated with poor prognosis. Histologically, sebaceous gland carcinomas showing a high degree of differentiation and severe nucleolar atypia had high PCNA and p53 indices. A growth pattern of small solid nests and strands, a low degree of differentiation, and the presence of lymphatic permeation in sweat gland carcinoma were often associated with high PCNA and p53 indices. These results suggest that nuclear accumulation of p53 plays an important role in the development of sebaceous gland carcinoma and sweat gland carcinoma. Assessment of PCNA and p53 indices together was very useful for prognostication of patient outcome, using cut-off values of 20% and 10%, respectively, to separate good prognosis from poor. Differentiation of sebaceous gland carcinoma, and c-erbB-2 expression by sweat gland carcinoma were significant independent prognostic indicators.

Adult↗