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Results for “Surgical Flaps”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Speech benefits of posterior pharyngeal flap are preserved after surgical flap division for obstructive sleep apnea: experience with division of 12 flaps.

Attachment of a posterior pharyngeal flap is commonly performed for the surgical management of velopharyngeal insufficiency. Obstructive sleep apnea has been found to occur in as many as 38% of patients undergoing posterior pharyngeal flap attachment. Often, this is temporary in the early postoperative period. When it occurs later after surgery, however, it can require active treatment. Many patients improve with the use of nighttime nasal C-PAP. Those patients who do not improve sufficiently with nasal C-PAP may require surgical flap division. We report surgical flap division in 12 such patients. All patients had preoperative and postoperative perceptual speech evaluations, and most had preoperative and postoperative pressure flow studies. In 11 of the 12 patients who underwent surgical flap division, velopharyngeal function did not deteriorate. We hypothesized that the persistence of the speech improvement in those patients is either secondary to the bulk of tissue from the flap, which remains in the posterior pharyngeal wall and provides a pad to assist with velopharyngeal closure, or is secondary to the speech mechanisms that the patients learned with the flap in place and were able to continue even after flap division.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Surgical flaps in the chest: anatomic considerations, applications, and radiologic appearance.

PURPOSE: To determine the frequency of use of surgical flaps--tissue that is transposed from its normal location to promote healing and prevent complications--in noncardiac thoracic surgery and to demonstrate the typical radiologic appearances of such flaps. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The surgical records of 200 patients who underwent thoracotomy or median sternotomy for noncardiac thoracic surgery were reviewed. Postoperative radiologic studies of randomly selected cases were also reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 213 surgical flaps were used in these patients, including 80 pericardial fat pad flaps (37.6%), 78 greater omental flaps (36.6%), 21 intercostal muscle flaps (9.9%), 16 anterior serratus muscle flaps (7.5%), and 18 greater pectoral muscle, latissimus dorsi muscle, pleural, thymic, or mediastinal fat flaps (8.5%). The flaps produced unusual opacity or attenuation and/or contour of the mediastinum, hilum, or chest wall. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of common thoracic surgical flaps is helpful in interpretation of postoperative radiologic studies.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1988

A comparison of mandibular lingual surgical flaps with and without a vertical releasing incision.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term postoperative pain for surgical flaps with mandibular lingual vertical releasing incisions (ML-VRI) compared with envelope flaps and to observe the postoperative clinical healing of ML-VRI. Using a split mouth design, 12 adult periodontal patients received bilateral posterior mandibular surgery with an envelope flap on one side and a flap with an ML-VRI on the contralateral side. Surgical procedures were performed at separate appointments, varied in order, and performed an equal number of times on the right and left sides. Postoperative pain was scored by the patients, and scores for each technique were compared using an analysis of variance and covariance with repeated measures. Photographs were used to assess postoperative clinical healing of ML-VRI with various degrees of initial closure. Results indicated no significant statistical difference (P greater than 0.05) between pain levels for the two surgical techniques. There was complete clinical healing despite variations in the degree of closure of ML-VRI. The findings of this study support the use of ML-VRI. They are indicated in areas with flat contours or with slight ledges and inferior concavities. ML-VRI are contraindicated in areas with prominent ledges and inferior concavities and in areas with exostoses. Suturing the vertical incision is unnecessary and may be detrimental to the tissues. A "step down" incision that preserves attachment levels in nondiseased sites is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Anterolateral thigh free flap. Surgical technique].

The anterolateral thigh free flap is a cutaneous or fasciocutaneous flap vascularised by one or several perforating arteries arising from the descending branch of the lateral circonflex femoral artery. Venous drainage occurs via the perforators or a similar route to the deep femoral system or the femoral vein. This flap is commonly used in Asia (China, Japan) where for certain teams, it replaces the classical radial forearm flap or the rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap for the reconstruction of head and neck defects after tumor ablation. We briefly describe the anatomy and vascularization of this flap and present the harvesting technique as well as the properties of the flap.

China↗
PubMed1988

Reversed venous flow in the distally pedicled radial forearm flap: surgical implications.

In recent years the distally pedicled radial forearm flap has proved to be a versatile technique for resurfacing the hand. The venous drainage of this flap, however, has remained a puzzle. Various explanations have been suggested, including bypass of the valves by collateral veins and by crossover between the venae comitantes. However, venous drainage must be against the direction of the valves in at least one segment of the veins. The question of reversed venous flow and how it may be achieved reliably is addressed in this study. Timmons has postulated three criteria which all must be satisfied for reversal of venous flow. These criteria, namely higher proximal venous pressure, denervation of the valves, and the filling of the venous segments may be achieved satisfactorily if a few precautions are taken and certain technical manoeuvres performed. The criteria were re-examined in the light of known physiological phenomena. In addition, certain pertinent anatomical facts which arose from our cadaveric studies and which may be exploited to advantage are discussed. Our studies have led to greater understanding of reversed venous flow and to greater success with this flap in our clinical practice.

Forearm↗
PubMed1997

[Submental island flaps. Surgical technique and possible variations in facial reconstruction].

The submental flap is an island myocutaneous flap supplied by the submental artery divided from the facial artery. Large skin paddles (up to 7 x 18 cm.) can be raised, perfectly matching with facial color. As an island flap it allows coverage of the homolateral oral cavity or the homolateral face (except the medial forehead region). Including the facial vessels in its pedicle allows a safe free transfer. A greater are of rotation is obtained transferring the flap on its distal pedicle. One can include in the flap a segment of internal basilar margin. The resulting scar is perfectly hidden under the mandible. The operative protocol is now well defined and makes the flap easy to use. 21 flaps have been transferred, resulting in a single partial necrosis of a flap extremity.

Face↗
PubMed1995

The retrograde radial fascial forearm flap: surgical rationale, technique, and clinical application.

The retrograde radial fascial forearm flap may be used to provide appropriate tissue coverage for nerve, tendon, or soft tissue defects in the forearm and hand. The procedure is differentiated from the standard radial forearm flap in that the radial artery remains intact when the retrograde radial fascial flap is designed. The rationale, technique, and clinical application of the flap are presented in order to allow surgeons to maintain the radial arterial trunk in continuity while obtaining the advantage of appropriate soft tissue cover in this critical area.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Myocutaneous flaps. Surgical treatment of severe pressure ulcers.

Surgical treatment of pressure ulcers using the myocutaneous flap procedure is a relatively new approach for patients with spinal injuries. First, the pressure ulcers are treated conservatively; however, if they become large or infected, surgery is considered. We have performed approximately 1,500 of these surgeries in the past five years. Only 5% of the cases have developed complications. The primary complication experienced was small wound dehiscence, which we attributed to mechanical interference with wound healing. We attribute the overall success of these surgeries to the rigid protocol and interdisciplinary approach to management.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

Crown lengthening: a surgical flap approach.

In many instances it is not possible to place a restoration margin without encroaching on the periodontal attachment apparatus. A surgical crown-lengthening procedure can provide a good solution to this common clinical problem. This article discusses indication and contraindication for surgical crown-lengthening procedures and presents an appropriate surgical technique.

Contraindications↗