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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Xenografting tumour beneath the renal capsule using modern surgical equipment.

INTRODUCTION: The growth of human tumours under the renal capsule in animal models has been performed in the past. However, the use of modern surgical equipment has not always been translated into the laboratory. We report on a novel method for human renal tumour transplants using an automated biopsy gun to obtain tumour tissue and an epidural needle with introducer to easily deploy the grafts under the renal capsule. METHODS: Nude mice had human xenografted tumours grown subcutaneously after implantation of cells from culture. Tumours were then biopsied using a 16-gauge automated biopsy gun. Digital calipers were used to measure a 2-mm segment of the biopsy core that was cut and placed inside a hollow needle (epidural needle). The needle was placed under the renal capsule and the trocar introduced to deploy the graft beneath the capsule with minimal trauma. Further groups had tumour harvested similarly by automated biopsy gun but had the implants placed subcutaneously for comparison. RESULTS: Tumour grafts were established in 90% of grafted kidneys in this renal subcapsular model (229.68 +/- 118.32 mm(3); mean +/- 95% CI) which compared favourably to the subcutaneous model (163.81 +/- 43.3 mm(3)). Grafts were confirmed by direct observation and histology. CONCLUSION: Modern surgical equipment may be utilised to allow tumour transplantation to be precise, with an identifiable and reproducible tumour volume deployed. Surgical researchers and laboratory-based scientists need to embrace new techniques and utilise them to improve models. This model may be adapted to many situations in oncologic research involving xenografting.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Qualitative improvement of the surgical treatment of cancer using laser equipment--surgical technic after photodynamic therapy].

Nineteen patients with lung cancer were treated by combined preoperative photodynamic therapy (PDT) and surgery. Preoperative photodynamic therapy was performed for the purpose of either reducing the extent of resection or increasing operability. Clinically, nine patients had stage I disease, one had stage II, eight had stage III and one had stage IV. There were two cases of tracheal superficial invasion from primary lesions, three cases of intrabronchial polypoid tumor or superficial invasion of the carina by primary lesions, eleven cases of polypoid tumor or superficial invasion of the main bronchus, and three cases of double primary lesions. Argon dye laser was used in this study. Preoperative PDT was performed 48 to 72 hours after intravenous injection of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD). Therapeutic conditions were 60 to 600 joules/cm2 for the superficial invasive areas and an additional 200 to 800 m W for 8 to 15 minutes for polypoid lesions. Surgical resection was performed 1 to 9 weeks after PDT. The initial purpose of PDT was achieved in 15 of the 19 patients treated. In five of six originally inoperable cases, conversion to an operable status was achieved. Thirteen patients were originally candidates for pneumonectomy, and it became possible to reduce the extent of resection to lobectomy in ten of them. This study suggests that PDT may have an important role in combination with surgery and other modalities in advanced lung cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Automated surgical equipment requires routine disinfection of vacuum control manifold to prevent postoperative endophthalmitis.

PURPOSE: Contamination of automated surgical equipment is a potential source of postoperative endophthalmitis. The effect of disinfecting the unsterile vacuum control manifold (VCM) on contamination of the aspiration fluid was studied. DESIGN: Comparative prospective microbiologic contamination study. SPECIMENS AND CONTROLS: The 37 aspiration fluid specimens studied or examined consisted of 25 from three automated evacuation systems equipped with an internal VCM (experimental groups) and 12 from one system equipped with a modified external VCM (control group). In addition, the tubings of two internal VCMs were investigated. METHODS: We investigated aspiration fluid specimens from routine cataract and vitrectomy operations performed with automated evacuation systems. After tracing the source of contamination to the internal VCM, the system was modified, creating an external VCM with the possibility for disinfection, and the study was continued. Whereas no sterilizing rinsing procedures were applied to the hidden internal VCM, the modified external VCM was regularly rinsed and filled overnight with 70% isopropanol. All samples were collected under sterile conditions, centrifuged, and cultured for bacterial growth on blood agar and MacConkey agar for 24 to 48 hours at 37 degrees C. The samples of the two internal VCMs were cultured for fungi as well. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Bacterial growth was quantified, and bacteria and fungi were isolated and identified according to standard microbiologic procedures. RESULTS: In all aspiration fluid specimens from internal VCM-systems, 2+ to 4+ bacterial growth was found. Pseudomonas-related genera (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, 17x; Comamonas acidovorans, 8x; Chryseomonas spp., 3x), Agrobacterium radiobacter (1 3x), Flavobacterium spp. (3x), and Micrococcus luteus (7x) were found most frequently. The tubing of the two VCMs contained biofilms exhibiting several of these bacteria and fungi. All specimens from the modified external VCM-system remained sterile. There was a significant difference with regard to the frequency of contamination of the aspiration fluid between the experimental and control groups (chi-square: P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The technical modification described herein allows facile hygienic measures, by which contamination of aspiration fluid by the VCM can be eliminated, which otherwise can be a significant source of contamination.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed2005

Surgical equipment and materials left in patients.

This article seeks to examine the issue of lost equipment and materials left in patients and the assumptions that registered theatre practitioners make. The assumptions are highlighted using a tragic case study that relates to a young lady who died and what the subsequent post mortem revealed: five pieces of gauze in her abdominal cavity which were proved to be five surgical swabs. The problem of retained swabs and other surgical equipment is far greater than many would believe. It is said 'to err is human', but maybe to err is negligent.

Adult↗