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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Taking things apart: ovario-hysterectomy--textbook knowledge and actual practice in veterinary surgery.

Veterinary surgery provides an interesting context in which to address important questions about the links between formal 'book' learning and actual, personal experience of the phenomena in question, and to examine the processes through which these links are forged. Participant observation of surgical procedures suggests that surgeons initially learn about anatomy from books, pictures and demonstrations, and become skilled 'operators' through the application of enhancement and reduction procedures that have the effect of transforming the living body into something more closely resembling anatomical pictures of it. Some of these procedures can be seen as a set of formalized 'rules' for performing operations, and like most rules, they appear to decrease in importance as a surgeon gains experience. They may, however, regain importance when a practitioner meets with an anatomical variant that he or she has not previously encountered. Other practices appear to be less formalized, requiring creative, constructive use of visual aids or language practices outside formal textbook knowledge. The links between actual bodies (and operations) and textbook representations of them are thus formed within a community of 'operators'.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Real-time measurement and control of waste anesthetic gases during veterinary surgeries.

Veterinary clinics are typically small businesses without access to sophisticated occupational safety and health programs that may exist for larger firms or hospitals. Exposures to waste anesthetic gases have been linked to a myriad of adverse health-related conditions. Excessive exposures to anesthetic agents are possible because many of the clinics use portable gas delivery carts that are not designed to capture waste gases. While scavenging systems are available to remove waste anesthetic gases, the cost may be prohibitive for smaller clinics and the effectiveness of these systems has not been fully established in veterinary clinics. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends limiting exposures to nitrous oxide (N2O) to a time-weighted average (TWA) concentration of 25 ppm and halogenated agents to 2 ppm. The NIOSH TWA is based on the weight of the agent collected from a 45-L air sample by charcoal adsorption over a sampling period not to exceed 1 hr. The NIOSH criteria state that, in most situations, control of N2O to the TWA as defined will result in levels of approximately 0.5 ppm of the halogenated agent. At present, no Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure level (PEL) exists for exposure to anesthetic agents; nor do specific recommendations exist for veterinary scavenging systems. Waste anesthetic gas exposures were determined using a modified MIRAN 1A at five veterinary clinics operating within the Morgantown, West Virginia, vicinity. For unscavenged systems of methoxyflurane and halothane, 1-hr time-weighted average exposures ranged from 0.5 to 45.5 ppm and 0.2 to 105.4 ppm, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Absorption↗
PubMed1991

Inhalation anaesthetics--exposure and control during veterinary surgery.

Results are reported for air sampling surveys carried out by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) in 14 veterinary surgeries. For all personnel the geometric mean (GM) time-weighted average (TWA) exposures to halothane and nitrous oxide over the working period were 2.6 ppm (range: less than 0.5 119 ppm) and 100 ppm (range: 14-1700 ppm), respectively. Since surgery rarely lasted for more than 4 h the corresponding GMs for 8-h TWAs were lower, being 1.3 ppm (range: less than 0.5-34 ppm) for halothane and 34 ppm (range: 5-530 ppm) for nitrous oxide. The GM exposures of veterinarians and nurses were very similar. The size of the practice and the use of scavenging were significant factors in determining personal exposures to inhalation anaesthetics: by comparison general ventilation had little effect. The results are compared with earlier data from human surgery, and previous studies of exposure to inhalation anaesthetics during veterinary surgery are briefly reviewed.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1994

[Veterinary surgery education performed on models]

At the Veterinary Surgery Clinic of the University of Zurich models were developed in cooperation with a surgery professor from the United States. These models allow to practice manual dexterity of the students in basic surgical techniques. Additionally, proper assisting in these basic surgical techniques can also be practiced using these models. A further advantage represents the facts that these models do not have a scent because they are manufactured from a special polyurethane facilitating easy transport of these models to allow additional practicing at the students leisure at home. The result of this education, which was initiated three years ago, is better manual dexterity in surgical techniques, a dexterity which is achieved without sacrificing laboratory animals. This represents a big advantage for the students and later the veterinarian.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

A survey of the use of live animals, cadavers, inanimate models, and computers in teaching veterinary surgery.

A questionnaire, designed to gather information regarding the use of live animals, cadavers, inanimate models, and other innovative methods to teach veterinary surgery, was mailed to individuals in the surgery sections of all 31 veterinary schools in the United States and Canada. Of the 31 questionnaires mailed, 27 (87%) were completed and returned. Mean number of total, general, small-animal, and large-animal surgery laboratory sessions were 22, 5.9, 11, and 7.4, respectively. At 7 of 26 (27%) schools, animals were euthanatized prior to recovery from anesthesia in all teaching laboratories; in 18 schools (69%), small animals were euthanatized prior to recovery from anesthesia. In 4 (20%) of the 20 schools that offer large-animal laboratory courses, large animals were euthanatized prior to recovery from anesthesia. In 24 schools (88%), cadavers, models, or both were used in at least 1 laboratory session in their surgery training program. Models were used most frequently to teach suturing, knot typing, and hemostasis. Plastic bones were used in 8 (30%) schools to teach fracture repair. In several schools, models were used to teach other general psychomotor skills, and at several schools, models were available for sale to other teaching institutions. At 16 (59%) of the 27 veterinary schools, some type of program has been developed with local humane societies. At 13 (81%) of the 16 schools with such a program, small animals were euthanatized prior to recovery from anesthesia in their traditional laboratories. At 10 (37%) of the schools, some process was used to evaluate students in the laboratory, and at 5 (19%), course evaluations were completed by students taking the laboratory.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animal Welfare↗
PubMed1999

Recommendations for the housing of cats in the home, in catteries and animal shelters, in laboratories and in veterinary surgeries.

In recent years, there has been an increase in interest in applied ethology and animal welfare, and an increase in the popularity of the domestic cat. This has stimulated research on the behaviour and welfare of cats kept in different environments. This article presents a review of the recent research and makes recommendations for the housing of domestic cats in the home, in catteries and animal shelters, in laboratories and in veterinary surgeries.

Animal Welfare↗
PubMed1997

[Excision arthroplasty of the hip joint in dogs and cats. Long-term results of the veterinary surgery clinic at the Justus Liebig University of Giessen].

Since the introduction of excision arthoplasty in veterinary medicine the question of indication is often asked. The maximum of the patient's body weight up to which surgery should be performed is another discussed problem. A long-term study from January 1985 to July 1995 at the Veterinary Surgery Department at the Justus-Liebig-University was carried out to answer these questions (222 patients, 155 dogs and 67 cats). Trauma and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease came first in the list of indications. In case of postoperative problems trouble with lameness after high activity, long rest or at the time of change in weather could be seen. No owner of an animal thought that the life quality of his animal was restricted by this occasional problems. At a body weight over 30 kg the occasional problems were more often seen but every patient had less clinical problems after surgery than before. In this group no deterioration was seen.

Animals↗