Tuberculosis in medical students, dental students and nurses; a five year study, 1945-50, at Guy's Hospital.
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Hospitals↗
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Teaching the complexity of aging to undergraduate dental students, graduate dental students, and dental hygienists.
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Aging↗
Attitudes toward women dental students among male dental students and male dental faculty members.
The results of this study support the following conclusions: 1. Male dental faculty and male dental students have similar perceptions of women enrolled in dental school. 2. Male dental faculty and male dental students rate women dental students high on the evaluative and activity scales of the semantic differential but relatively low in potency measures. 3. Male dental faculty and male dental students perceive women dental students as different from both the sex role of women and the professional role of dentist.
Attitude↗
Use of the SADP for measurement of attitudes of Chinese dental students and dental surgery assistants toward disabled persons.
The purpose of this study was to determine the attitudes of Chinese dental students and dental surgery assistants toward disabled persons using the Scale to Determine Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons, the SADP. A group of 99 Hong Kong University psychology students, 50 male and 49 female, was used as the control and to determine the internal consistency and reliability of the Chinese version of the scale. A group of 4th year (n = 25) and a group of 3rd year (n = 46) dental students and a group of in-house dental surgery assistants (n = 86) at the Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong, were asked to complete a Chinese translation of the SADP. Results showed that there was no significant difference between attitude scores of 3rd and 4th year dental students (p = 0.06). There was a significant difference in attitude scores between dental students and the dental surgery assistants (p < 0.001), with those of dental students being lower. In the control group, there was no significant difference between female control and dental surgery assistant scores (p = 0.289). There was a significant difference between dental students and male control scores (p < 10(-6)). Not only did the dental students score lower than the dental surgery assistants, but they also scored significantly lower than a group of non-dental students of the same University.
Adult↗
Changes in role perceptions by first-year dental students.
Dental education combines the learning of technical skills with the professional role of health care provider. The investigation compared first-year dental students perception of themselves, dental practitioners, dental school upper-class students, and patients. The study indicated that first-year students are more likely to identify with upper-class students than with dental practitioners. They also tended to see themselves as clearly different from dental patients. It is suggested that dental educators should recognize this fact in order to avoid the depersonalization of dental care delivery.
California↗
Shade matching by dental students.
Dental students achieved a high identification rate for darker shades (P14 and P24) on the Portrait IPN shade guide, which represent the highest chroma and lowest value in the grayish and reddish yellow hue groups. A high identification rate was also obtained for P32, representing the lowest chroma and highest value in the reddish gray hue group. The data suggest that dental students had the most difficulty determining the correct hue group for unmarked shade tabs. Incorrect responses tended to remain in the same value and chroma range but were selected in a different hue group.
Color↗
[Behaviour of dental students and dental hygiene students as judged by their patients].
In 1985 200 patients who had been treated by fourth year dental students and second year dental hygiene students have received a questionnaire from the Dentistry Department of the ACTA in Amsterdam. They have answered questions concerning the attitude, the management and the competency of both groups of students (response: 59%). The most important conclusion from this study is, that dental hygiene students were significantly more appreciated by the patients than dental students as far as attitude and competency is concerned.
Adult↗
[Estimating organ doses of dental students in dental radiographic exercises].
To estimate doses absorbed in organs of dental students in the exercises of dental radiography, we measured the average organ doses of the dental radiographic examinations and sent out questionnaires about the radiographic exposure of the dental students. We selected five organs in the head and neck regions: lens of the eye, parotid gland, submaxillary gland, thyroid and pituitary fossa. The dose determinations were made for the full mouth intra-oral radiography with 10 films, and panoramic radiography and cephalometric radiography. Doses for all organs, except for the parotid gland, were widely distributed with one peak. The highest average dose per dental student was about 5000 microGy for the parotid gland, about 2900 microGy for the submaxillary gland, about 900 microGy for the lens of the eye, about 480 microGy for the thyroid and about 140 microGy for the pituitary fossa. Dose limits for dental students in such exercises have not been yet established. But the organ doses, especially for the parotid gland, appear very high. To reduce exposure in the exercises and to protect the dental students from excess exposure, we need to reconsider the study of dental radiographic techniques.
Adult↗
Differences in self-reported oral health behavior between dental students and dental technology/dental hygiene students in Jordan.
The aim of this study was to compare differences in oral health behavior between dental students and dental technology/dental hygiene students in Jordan. One hundred and five dental students and seventy-eight dental technology/dental hygiene students were recruited into this study. All subjects were recruited from the students who were receiving training at the clinics and laboratories that belong to the Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology. The Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioral Inventory (HU-DBI) was used to assess the oral heath behavior of the subjects. Significant differences were found between students from different disciplines. Dental students were found to worry more about visiting their dentist, to be less aware of bleeding gums when brushing and were less bothered by the color of their gums compared with dental technology and dental hygiene (DT/DH) students (P < 0.05, P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively). Dental students tended to be more professionally educated about brushing and to have a belief that they cannot clean their teeth well without using toothpaste (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). Most of them did not feel they have brushed well unless they brush with strong strokes (P < 0.05). A logistic regression model showed that it might be possible to distinguish dental students from DT/DH students by using three items of the HU-DBI and the level of dental education. The difference in the HU-DBI scores was not a major feature. There were significant differences in oral health attitudes/behavior between dental students and DT/DH students. The findings might reflect differences in students' training experience and education between different specialties.
Attitude to Health↗
Attitudes toward National Health Insurance: dentists, dental students, and dental hygiene students.
The attitudes toward National Health Insurance held by 126 second year dental students and 108 second year dental hygiene students enrolled in the state of Wisconsin, U.S.A., were measured and compared with the attitudes held by practicing dentists in the U.S.A. Although some similarities were noted, marked differences were revealed, with students, generally, preferring broader coverage and more government involvement than practicing dentists. There is virtually no published data in this area, and more research is needed, as the success or failure of any National Health Insurance plan depends critically on the attitudes of both health care providers and those studying to become health care providers.
Adult↗
Comparison of personal values among freshman and senior dental students and dental faculty.
The purpose of this study was to test the effects of dental education on the values of dental students and dental faculty. This was accomplished by testing five hypotheses. The results of the study indicate no significant differences between freshmen and senior students' values; infer no apparent changes in student values during a dental education; indicate no significant differences between part-time faculty and full-time faculty; support a positive association among all groups, i.e., freshmen, seniors, full- and part-time faculty; rank-order the values for all groups from highest to lowest (theoretical, aesthetic, political, economic, social, and religious); and show some significant differences between students as a group and faculty as a group. If a more objective means of choosing dental students is desired, then further research will be needed to determine the characteristics of the type of practitioner that is needed. The presented data help in defining one aspect of the collective personality of dental students and dental faculties.
Economics↗
Developing cultural competence and social responsibility in preclinical dental students.
Dental student development of cultural competence and social responsibility is recognized by educators as an important element in the overall shaping of minds and attitudes of modem dental practitioners. Yet training modalities to achieve these competencies are not clearly defined, and outcome measurements are elusive. This article shows an effective method to meet these desired outcomes. Sixty-one freshmen (class of 2005) participated in forty hours of nondental community service, and reflective journals were completed by the end of second year. Competency outcomes were measured by selecting key words and phrases found in the individual journals. Key phrases were related to compassion, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom. Also, phrases had to be accompanied by written indications of direct program causation. The combination of active-learning (based upon service learning models) in public health settings outside of the dental realm, accompanied by reflective journaling, enhanced cultural understanding and community spirit in the majority of students.
Clinical Competence↗
Sealants: training and educational needs for dental students and dental auxiliary students.
A program of instruction in pit and fissure sealants has been described that includes didactic, preclinical, and clinical components (Table 4). The entire program requires the equivalent of three curriculum days. However, reinforcement of the principles of the technic should continue during the students' entire clinical training period. There are 203 accredited dental hygiene programs and 285 accredited dental assistant programs in the United States. Enrollment in these programs during the 1982-83 academic year was 10,051 hygiene students and 7,977 assisting students. Since 29 states currently allow dental hygienists to apply sealants and 11 states allow dental assistants, there is a compelling reason for sealants to be included in the curriculum of dental auxiliary programs. Unfortunately, other than Dr. Terkla's brief survey, there is no reliable information on the number of auxiliary programs that teach sealants, nor are there curriculum guidelines on sealant instruction for these programs. Nevertheless, the same training outlined in this article for dental students applies equally for dental hygiene and assisting students. A controversial question is whether clinical training in sealant application should be part of the curriculum of dental auxiliary programs in states that only allow dentists to apply them. This is not a question that can be resolved in this article, but must be considered at the individual schools involved. In these situations, a careful balance must be achieved between the academic freedom to teach current practices in dentistry and the dental practice acts of the state. The first commercially available pit and fissure sealant was marketed in 1970.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Curriculum↗
Stress management training for dental students.
Dental school and professional practice are well-documented sources of stress. Although students and dentists risk developing stress-related disorders, no empirically evaluated method for helping dental students cope with stress has been reported. A group of 17 dental students participated in a six-session program that included instruction in self-relaxation and time management; exercise and leisure planning; and cognitive modification techniques. From pre- to post-training, subjects showed improvement on a variety of self-report and physiological measures relative to a waiting-list control group. A three-month follow-up assessment revealed continued reductions in stress-related behavior. The importance of stress-management training for dental students is discussed as well as suggestions for future research.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Mirror training in three dimensions for dental students.
Dental students have significantly improved skills of indirect vision following mirror exercises in two dimensions. The objective of this study was to assess whether freshmen improved these skills after mirror training in three dimensions. A pretest was given to 60 subjects, maneuvering a handpiece-shaped probe through a brass block maze. Total time, error time, and total errors were recorded for each of three perceptually different mirror positions. Subjects were then randomly divided into two groups. Group A participated in 2 training sessions; Group B (a control) received no training. Both groups then performed a posttest. Transformed time scores examined by analysis of variance indicated a significant difference for total time between Groups A and B at posttest at each mirror position. For error time, Groups A and B were significantly different at posttest at Positions 2 and 3. For total errors, groups were significantly different at posttest at Mirror Position 3 only. Indirect vision skills improved significantly with training in three dimensions.
Dental Equipment↗
[Patients on dental students and dental hygiene students].
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Attitude↗
Standardization of value profiles of dental students and dental faculty.
This study used the Allport-Vernon, Lindzey1,2 Study of Values to establish standardized norms for dental populations, and examined the relationship among freshmen, seniors, and full-time and part-time faculty. The normative data indicate that there is a similarity in general patterns for all groups. The dental student population sampled have higher scores on aesthetic and social values than their counterparts ten years ago.
Faculty, Dental↗
Attitudes among dental students concerning dental public health as a professional career.
The report has presented information about attitudes concerning Career in Dental Public Health of 722 dental students representing 19 American schools of dentistry. "Attitude" was operationally defined by the "attractiveness" of the concept as measured in 1969 with the semantic differential technic (exciting-dull, rewarding-frustrating, successful-unsuccessful).-6 The "attractiveness" of Career in Dental Public Health was compared with that of two other concepts: Career in Private Practice and Career in Dental Education. Specifications were made according to year of study, individual school, type of school (public or private control), geographical region of university town, and dental school relation to graduate schools of public health. Observed differences in student attitudes at the different schools were analyzed in relation to the emphasis each school placed in 1968-69 on instruction in (dental) public health, and to the amount of experieniced instruction in (dental) public health by each individual class.
Analysis of Variance↗