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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Spiritual perception, attitudes about spiritual care, and spiritual care practices among nurse practitioners.

The purpose of the nonexperimental study was to examine the relationships among spiritual perception, attitudes about spiritual care, and spiritual care practices in nurse practitioners. Attitudes about providing spiritual care and spiritual care practices have been studied among nurse generalists, but little research has been conducted on nurses in advanced practice. All nurse practitioners registered by the state of Indiana were sent Reed's Spiritual Perspective Scale (SPS) and a modified version of the Nurses' Spiritual Care Perspectives Scale developed by Taylor, Highfield, and Amenta. Pearson correlation techniques were used to test for significant relationships. Statistically positive relationships were between perception of personal spirituality and 9 of the 12 spiritual care practices. Eight of the 13 items describing attitude toward providing spiritual care were statistically significant with the SPS. Implications of the findings are discussed.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2005

Is spirituality a critical ingredient of meditation? Comparing the effects of spiritual meditation, secular meditation, and relaxation on spiritual, psychological, cardiac, and pain outcomes.

This study compared secular and spiritual forms of meditation to assess the benefits of a spiritual intervention. Participants were taught a meditation or relaxation technique to practice for 20 min a day for two weeks. After two weeks, participants returned to the lab, practiced their technique for 20 min, and placed their hand in a cold-water bath of 2 degrees C for as long as they could endure it. The length of time that individuals kept their hand in the water bath was measured. Pain, anxiety, mood, and the spiritual health were assessed following the two-week intervention. Significant interactions occurred (time x group); the Spiritual Meditation group had greater decreases in anxiety and more positive mood, spiritual health, and spiritual experiences than the other two groups. They also tolerated pain almost twice as long as the other two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Spirituality in aging: spiritual need or spiritual journey?

1. The current approach to spiritual assessment often makes the older client uncomfortable discussing his or her spiritual and religious orientation. 2. To provide therapeutic interventions, nurses must first become aware of themselves and their clients as spiritual beings. 3. A spiritual journey perspective views the nurse as one who can enhance the unique journey and growth of the individual client.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

The role of spirituality in patient care: incorporating spirituality training into medical school curriculum.

OBJECTIVE: To answer the call for the implementation of spirituality into medical school curriculum,(1) UMKC-School of Medicine has incorporated experiential spirituality instruction into the third year of a six-year combined BA-MD degree program. The multifaceted objective of the program is to (1) expand students' conceptualization of the patient as person to include dimensions of spiritual beliefs and needs, (2) develop an understanding of how patients' spiritual belief systems impact their health, (3) recognize how the student's spiritual beliefs impact his or her practice of medicine, and (4) highlight the value of the chaplain as a member of the health care team. With increased understanding of the role spirituality plays in healing as well as the spiritual services available to patients, students will be able to serve the needs of their patients. DESCRIPTION: To accomplish this objective, students participate in lectures on spirituality, small-group activities focusing on skills such as taking/crafting spiritual histories, and an on-call experience with a hospital chaplain. During the oncall experience, students shadow a chaplain for approximately six hours. The experience includes discussing philosophies of spirituality and medicine with the chaplain, rounding with the chaplain, visiting and praying with patients when requested, comforting family members, and assisting with advance directive discussions and paperwork. After completing the experience, the students are required to write a reflective essay examining the following components: (1) the interaction between the chaplain and other members of the health care team, (2) the utilization of alternative interview and history taking methods, (3) the connection between spirituality and illness as illustrated through patient encounters, and (4) the insights gained from the experience that can be applied to the practice of medicine. DISCUSSION: The writing of one's spiritual history and the on-call experience were integrated into a new portion of the curriculum. The components were initially met with some reticence. In the beginning, students had difficulty distinguishing spirituality from religion and were concerned that the curriculum would take away from their study of "real medicine." To ease concerns regarding the spiritual history, the course director modeled the objectives by sharing her own spiritual journey. Participation in the on-call experience substantially changed students' negative attitudes toward the curriculum. Essays revealed that the on-call experience had greatly impacted their view of the chaplain as well as their practice of medicine. Specifically, students demonstrated an understanding of the role of spirituality in healing, identified key components of the chaplain role in the hospital setting, shared ways in which they would utilize chaplains in the future, and discovered personal struggles. Crafting one's spiritual history, the on-call experience, and essays will continue to be a required part of the third-year curriculum. Modifications include adding the option of constructing one's own advance directive and striving for increased diversity of spiritual perspectives. The data provided in the essays and course evaluations will be utilized in several ways to determine the success of the curriculum and to answer critical research questions in the areas of spirituality and medical education.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2006

Spirituality and family nursing: spiritual assessment and interventions for families.

AIM: The aim of this paper is to propose a guideline for spiritual assessment and interventions explicitly for families, while considering each family member's unique spirituality. BACKGROUND: Spirituality's positive effect is pervasive in health care and in the lives of many families; therefore, there is a need to integrate spiritual assessment and interventions in total family care. DISCUSSION: The majority of published guidelines on spiritual assessment and interventions are designed predominantly for individuals. They fail to differentiate between individual and family spirituality or offer only brief discussions on family spirituality. Such guidelines are potentially problematic. They may lead nurses to focus only on individual spirituality and neglect to discern family unit spirituality or recognize the presence of conflicts in spiritual perspectives within the family. While other disciplines such as social work and family therapy have several guidelines/strategies to assess family spirituality, there is a dearth of such guidelines in the family health nursing and spirituality literature, in spite of the rhetoric about incorporating spirituality as part of total family assessment. As a beginning solution, guidelines are proposed for spiritual assessment and interventions for the family as a unit, and the category of spiritual interpretation to represent diagnosis is introduced. Case studies exemplify how to integrate the guideline, and illustrate elements that may favour specific interpretations which would guide the interventions. CONCLUSION: As nurses continually strive to assist families with their health needs, they must also attend to their spiritual needs, as one cannot truly assess a family without assessing its spirituality.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1999

Spiritual perspectives and practices of family physicians with an expressed interest in spirituality.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Among a growing number of articles about spirituality and medicine, there are no open-ended empirical inquiries about family physicians' understanding of spirituality and what it might mean to incorporate spirituality into family practice. We used a qualitative methodology to investigate family physicians' perceptions of spirituality in clinical care, the roles of their own personal spirituality, and implications for medical education. METHODS: We used qualitative content analysis on transcripts of semi-structured interviews that had been conducted with 12 family physicians, in three regions of the country, with an expressed interest in spirituality. RESULTS: This group of physicians reported 1) taking a vital clinical role as encouragers of patients' spiritual resources, 2) a vital role of their personal spirituality as an underpinning of the vocation and practice of family medicine, and 3) the key roles of respectful dialogue and mentoring in medical education about spirituality. CONCLUSIONS: Results affirm the significance of spirituality in clinical family practice for the subjects interviewed and support a tripartite model that embraces clinical approaches to the spirituality of patients and families, the spirituality of caregivers, and the qualities of spirituality in health care organizations.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Psychiatric nurses' perspectives of spirituality and spiritual needs during an amalgamation.

The purpose of this study was to explore the meaning of spirituality and how the spiritual needs of psychiatric nurses could be supported at work during a hospital amalgamation. Forty-six nurses completed the General Information Questionnaire and described the meaning of spirituality and how their spiritual needs could be supported. Data were analysed by the double-coding qualitative method. The themes identified for the meaning of spirituality included: being hopeful, having belief/belief systems, maintaining relatedness/connectedness and the expression of spirituality. The major themes identified to support nursing staffs' spiritual needs at work included communication, offering hope, being valued and support from spiritual sources. Nurses expressed the importance of spirituality in their lives and the need for spiritual support at work. Data for addressing staff spiritual needs are reported; however, further studies are needed to understand the spiritual needs of nursing staff at work during hospital amalgamations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Israeli oncology nurses' religiosity, spiritual well-being, and attitudes toward spiritual care: a path analysis.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship among the antecedent factors of age, ethnicity, and education and the mediating variables of intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity, and spiritual well-being on Israeli oncology nurses' attitudes toward spiritual care. DESIGN: A correlational, explanatory study. SAMPLE: Members (N = 155) of the Israeli Oncology Nursing Society. METHOD: Subjects completed a mailed research package. A path model guided the testing of the hypotheses. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES: Spiritual well-being, intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity, age, ethnicity, and education. RESULTS: Variables of interest accounted for a small but significant amount of the total variance in attitudes toward spiritual care. However, only spiritual well-being, extrinsic religiosity, and education demonstrated direct relationships with these attitudes. In addition, intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity, mediated through spiritual well-being, demonstrated indirect relationships with attitudes. CONCLUSION: Nurses' attitudes toward spiritual care are influenced by their education, intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity, and spiritual well-being. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Because spiritual well-being is a good predictor of nurses' positive attitudes toward spiritual care, nurses' spiritual well-being should be supported. In addition, nursing education needs to examine ways that may support more positive attitudes toward spiritual care. Future research also should be conducted on other nursing populations and across cultures and religious affiliations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessing spirituality. Healthcare organizations must address their employees' spiritual needs.

Catholic institutions need to respond to their managers, physicians, and other employees experiencing deep pain about the meaning and purpose of life. Initial approaches to people in spiritual distress include "tough love", codependence, and assistance programs, along with prayer and compassion. But a different approach that gives people the space and freedom to pursue their spiritual search and ask questions to discover deeper meaning in life may be more effective. It allows them to accept that they are where they need to be on their spiritual journey, even if that place is painful. Healthcare organizations can, through their structures and culture, create environments that promote this spiritual work. The entire organization must be spiritually grounded. Organizations can develop specific programs to address employees' spiritual yearnings, including: Private spiritual direction or companionship Formal mentoring Renewal days or retreats Spirituality programs for professionals Organizations must consider spirituality in recruiting, uphold policies on spirituality, and ensure physicians receive the same spiritual support as other employees. Resources should be allocated for expanded spiritual services, quiet places for reflection, meditation and related classes, traditional retreats, and qualified personnel.

Catholicism↗
PubMed2004

Intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity, spiritual well-being, and attitudes toward spiritual care: a comparison of israeli jewish oncology nurses' scores.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To examine the differences among secular, traditional, and religious Israeli oncology nurses' intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity, spiritual well-being, and attitudes toward spiritual care. DESIGN: A comparative, descriptive study. SAMPLE: 148 Israeli Jewish nurses drawn from the membership of the Israeli Oncology Nursing Association. METHODS: Nurses completed mailed questionnaires. The four scales used were intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity portions of the Revised Age Universal Intrinsic-Extrinsic Scale, the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, and the Spiritual Care Perspective Scale. FINDINGS: Secular, traditional, and religious Jewish respondents differed significantly in intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity, spiritual well-being, and religious well-being. No significant differences were found in existential well-being and attitudes toward spiritual care. Although not significant, an interesting trend was that secular nurses demonstrated more positive attitudes toward spiritual care than religious nurses. CONCLUSIONS: Jewish nurses' religiosity, spiritual well-being, and perhaps their attitudes toward spiritual care may be influenced by whether they are secular, traditional, or religious nurses. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Israeli Jewish oncology nurses need self-awareness of their intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity, spiritual well-being, and attitudes toward spiritual care when they are administering holistic care to their patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oncology and nononcology nurses' spiritual well-being and attitudes toward spiritual care: a literature review.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To review literature about oncology and nononcology nurses' attitudes toward spiritual care and the way that their spiritual well-being influences those attitudes. DATA SOURCES: Published research and literature review articles, books, master's theses, and doctoral dissertations. DATA SYNTHESIS: Spiritual considerations play an important part in the lives of patients with cancer. Therefore, nurses must not only examine their attitudes toward spiritual care but also identify variables that influence those attitudes. One of the major variables that may influence their attitudes is their own spiritual well-being. CONCLUSIONS: A significant association exists between attitudes toward spiritual care and spiritual well-being in nurses who care for nononcology populations. However, little research examines oncology nurses' attitudes toward spiritual care and the way that their spiritual well-being affects those attitudes. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Nurse researchers need to examine the spiritual dimension of oncology nurses and the way that this influences attitudes toward spiritual caregiving.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2002

Spirituality and health: towards a framework for exploring the relationship between spirituality and health.

BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence has found that spirituality enhances health. However, spirituality is an elusive concept that defies clear definition. This inevitably presents difficulties when comparing the findings of studies. Therefore conceptual clarification is essential if practitioners are to better understand the relationship between spirituality and health. AIMS: The aim of this paper is to develop a conceptual framework, which can be used to explore the relationship between spirituality and health. METHODS: The concept-indicator model was used to analyse spirituality in the literature. The literature was searched for empirical indicators or what are taken as essential attributes of spirituality. Similarities and differences between approaches were identified and these formed the basis of a framework. FINDINGS: The analysis identified three approaches (a trichotomy) to spirituality in the literature. These were termed the transcendent, the value guidance and the structuralist-behaviourist approaches. The paper shows how by clarifying the different conceptualizations of spirituality and the interrelationship between them researchers can also clarify their respective contributions to health. Thus a contribution is made towards making more explicit the ways in which key aspects of spirituality such as transcendence, meaning and purpose, connectedness, hope, and faith, work to produce health benefits in terms of prevention, recovery from illness, or coping with illness. CONCLUSIONS: The framework (or trichotomy) will enable practitioners to understand better the connection between spirituality and health. In particular, it will show that to appreciate the benefits that patients might experience from their value or belief systems, practitioners must actively explore the content of those systems in a respectful way.

Health↗
PubMed2002

The development of nursing students' spirituality and spiritual care-giving.

Nursing education programs are being increasingly challenged to incorporate spirituality and spiritual care-giving into the curriculum. The purposes of this study were to explore how students in a baccalaureate curriculum perceived their spirituality and spiritual health, and their perceptions of spiritual nursing care. Students in the first and fourth years of the program filled out a survey that included a spiritual well-being scale and several open-ended questions. Overall, students had a strong awareness of personal spirituality and a high level of spiritual health. They identified a number of behaviours and characteristics of the nurse that facilitated spiritual nursing care. Fourth year students demonstrated a more patient-centered approach to spiritual care. They placed less emphasis on the nurse's agenda and qualities and more on supporting the patient's beliefs.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2006

The principal components model: a model for advancing spirituality and spiritual care within nursing and health care practice.

AIM: The aim of this study was to generate a deeper understanding of the factors and forces that may inhibit or advance the concepts of spirituality and spiritual care within both nursing and health care. BACKGROUND: This manuscript presents a model that emerged from a qualitative study using grounded theory. Implementation and use of this model may assist all health care practitioners and organizations to advance the concepts of spirituality and spiritual care within their own sphere of practice. The model has been termed the principal components model because participants identified six components as being crucial to the advancement of spiritual health care. DESIGN: Grounded theory was used meaning that there was concurrent data collection and analysis. Theoretical sampling was used to develop the emerging theory. These processes, along with data analysis, open, axial and theoretical coding led to the identification of a core category and the construction of the principal components model. METHODS: Fifty-three participants (24 men and 29 women) were recruited and all consented to be interviewed. The sample included nurses (n=24), chaplains (n=7), a social worker (n=1), an occupational therapist (n=1), physiotherapists (n=2), patients (n=14) and the public (n=4). The investigation was conducted in three phases to substantiate the emerging theory and the development of the model. RESULTS: The principal components model contained six components: individuality, inclusivity, integrated, inter/intra-disciplinary, innate and institution. CONCLUSION: A great deal has been written on the concepts of spirituality and spiritual care. However, rhetoric alone will not remove some of the intrinsic and extrinsic barriers that are inhibiting the advancement of the spiritual dimension in terms of theory and practice. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: An awareness of and adherence to the principal components model may assist nurses and health care professionals to engage with and overcome some of the structural, organizational, political and social variables that are impacting upon spiritual care.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The contribution of spirituality and spiritual coping to anxiety and depression in women with a recent diagnosis of gynecological cancer.

The objective of this study was to determine whether, after accounting for illness and demographic variables, spiritual involvement and beliefs and positive and negative spiritual coping could account for any of the variation in anxiety and depression among women within 1 year's diagnosis of gynecological cancer (GC). One hundred patients from outpatient GC clinics at two Melbourne-based hospitals completed a brief structured interview and self-report measures of anxiety, depression, spirituality, and spiritual coping. Using two sequential regression analyses, we found that younger women with more advanced disease, who used more negative spiritual coping, had a greater tendency towards depression and that the use of negative spiritual coping was associated with greater anxiety scores. Although not statistically significant, patients with lower levels of generalized spirituality also tended to be more depressed. The site of disease and phase of treatment were not predictive of either anxiety or depression. We conclude that spirituality and spiritual coping are important to women with GC and that health professionals in the area should consider these issues.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2004

What is spiritual? What is spiritual suffering?

The author offers definitions for "spiritual" and for "spiritual suffering," suggesting that human spiritual needs include Love, Faith, Hope, Virtue, and Beauty. Spiritual suffering is experienced when these needs are unfulfilled. Spiritual care involves assisting in the fulfillment of these needs. He considers the constant movement between spiritual needs and fulfillments, encouraging use of fluid (not static) assessment methods using "spiritual spectra." As a model, this outline of basic spiritual needs may serve as the foundation for many current spiritual assessment tools.

Beauty↗
PubMed2001

Living with rheumatoid arthritis: the role of daily spirituality and daily religious and spiritual coping.

The objective of this preliminary study was to evaluate more fully the role of daily spiritual experiences and daily religious/spiritual coping in the experience of individuals with pain due to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Thirty-five individuals with RA were asked to keep a structured daily diary for 30 consecutive days. The diary included standardized measures designed to assess spiritual experiences, religious and spiritual pain coping, salience of religion in coping, religious/spiritual coping efficacy, pain, mood, and perceived social support. The participants in this study reported having spiritual experiences, such as feeling touched by the beauty of creation or feeling a desire to be closer or in union with God, on a relatively frequent basis. These participants also reported using positive religious and spiritual coping strategies much more frequently than negative religious and spiritual coping strategies. Although most of the variance in these measures was due to differences between persons, each measure also displayed a significant variability in scores from day to day. Indeed, there was just as much (or more) variability in these measures over time as there was variability in pain. Individuals who reported frequent daily spiritual experiences had higher levels of positive mood, lower levels of daily negative mood, and higher levels of each of the social support domains. Individuals who reported that religion was very salient in their coping with pain reported much higher levels of instrumental, emotional, arthritis-related, and general social support. Coping efficacy was significantly related to pain, mood, and social support in that on days that participants rated their ability to control pain and decrease pain using spiritual/religious coping methods as high, they were much less likely to have joint pain and negative mood and much more likely to have positive mood and higher levels of general social support. Taken together, these results suggest that daily spiritual experiences and daily religious/spiritual coping variables are important in understanding the experience of persons who have RA. They also suggest that newly developed daily diary methods may provide a useful methodology for studying religious and spiritual dimensions of living with arthritis.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

Spirituality and spiritual care provided by parish nurses.

The high level of religious participation in the United States provides a venue for parish nursing, a holistic nursing specialty that emphasizes the relationship between spirituality and health. This descriptive study measured two aspects of spirituality (spiritual perspective and spiritual well-being) in a national sample of parish nurses and described variables related to their practice. Furthermore, it qualitatively examined the provision of spiritual care to clients in this parish nurse sample. Parish nurses scored high in spiritual perspective and spiritual well-being and reported an emphasis on health promotion and education in their activities. Three views of spiritual interventions (ideal, general, and specific) were reported. Types of spiritual interventions typically fell into one of four categories: religious, interactional, relational, and professional.

Adult↗