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Results for “Sociometric Techniques”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

The Pupil Evaluation Inventory. A sociometric technique for assessing children's social behavior.

The Pupil Evaluation Inventory was developed to assess peer ratings of the behavior of male and female children in grades one through nine. Three homogeneous and stable factors emerged from a factor analyss: Aggression, Withdrawal and Likeability. High interrater agreement between male and female raters, stability of factorial structure, high internal consistency, and moderate concurrent validity were found across sex and grade levels. Test-retest reliability was high for a separate sample of third and sixth graders. There was a tendency for higher internal consistency and teacher-peer correlations for the Aggression factor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Use of sociometric techniques to assess the social status of mainstreamed children with learning difficulties.

Research on sociometric data collection and analysis methods is reviewed and implications for assessing the social status of mainstreamed children with learning difficulties are evaluated. Recommendations are made for changing existing procedures to account for factors specific to children with learning difficulties and to classrooms where mainstreaming is occurring. Variations between frequently used sociometric classification systems (which categorize children as popular, rejected, average, neglected, and controversial) are described, and information on their reliability and validity is discussed. Further reliability research with mainstreamed children is recommended, as is the application of theoretical accounts of affiliation in designing sociometric methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[The sociodynamogram--a contribution to the objectivization of group process].

Two simple sociometric techniques for practical use are described which are derived from the data given in the sociogram. Compared with the conventional sociogram, the group rank score we use everyday therapy has the advantage that it can be published. It permits members of the group to better identify the social situations which cause specific psychic impulses. The sociogram is reserved for the therapist. In our opinion the sociodynamogram has certain advantages over both methods because it provides an insight into spheres which are inaccessible in the sociogram and group rank score.

Group Processes↗
PubMed2005

The influence of provocateurs' emotion displays on the social information processing of children varying in social adjustment and age.

This study examined the effect of provocateurs' emotion displays on first through fourth graders' social information processing (SIP). Rating and nomination sociometric techniques were used to identify rejected-aggressive, rejected-nonaggressive, average-nonaggressive, and popular-nonaggressive groups. Children viewed videotaped ambiguous provocation situations in which provocateurs' emotion displays were varied systematically. After each vignette, children's recall of story details, attribution of intent, and problem-solving responses were obtained. Half of the children were randomly assigned to a condition where they were asked directly about provocateurs' emotions, and the remaining children were not asked about provocateurs' feelings. Results revealed both developmental and social adjustment differences in SIP. In addition, provocateurs' emotion displays and asking versus not asking about those displays influenced multiple aspects of SIP.

Affect↗
PubMed2004

Predicting kindergarten peer social status from toddler and preschool problem behavior.

The aim of this study was to investigate the toddler and preschool predictors of early peer social preference. Behavioral and social functioning were examined in a sample of children across the toddler and preschool years from parent and teacher observations. Kindergarten social behavior and peer social preference were assessed in the children's kindergarten classrooms using standard sociometric techniques. Results indicated that parent report of toddler externalizing behavior and teacher report of preschool problem behavior, as indexed by aggressive behavior, social skills, and emotional regulation, were predictive of peer liking in kindergarten. However, this relation was mediated by specific behaviors evidenced in the kindergarten classroom. For boys, overt aggression mediated these relations. For girls, sharing and engaging in sneaky behavior in kindergarten mediated the relation between preschool problem behaviors and peer status. These results indicate that specific behaviors displayed in the peer group account for the relation between early problem behavior and peer status. Moreover, these data point to the importance of considering gender when examining developmental trajectories and outcomes.

Child Behavior Disorders↗
PubMed1994

The relationship between indexes of childhood friendship and biographical, personality, and behavioral variables.

The nature of childhood friendship was investigated through the relationship between four proposed indexes of friendship (choice status, acceptance of others, acceptance by others, and perceived acceptance by others), and variables of biography, interpersonal skills and behaviors, and self-concept. The subjects were 39 children (30 boys, 9 girls) in Grades 2, 4, and 6. Data were collected via sociometric techniques, questionnaires, and the Piers-Harris (1969) Children's Self-Concept Scale. The results indicated significant correlations between (a) age and choice status, (b) after-school routine and perceived social acceptance, (c) after-school routine and actual social acceptance, and (d) loneliness and social acceptance; and between certain friendship indexes.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accident-prone norms: implications for clinical laboratories. A methods for examining groups norms and interaction networks.

Employee accidents are a costly problem for clinical laboratories. Consequently, investigation and prevention of accidents are integral parts of the clinical laboratory manager's job. There are a wide variety of traditional modes of accident research; however, they usually do not include investigations of work group norms and interaction networks. Group norms that contradict formal safety norms can arise in clinical laboratory work groups. These accident-prone norms often result in problematic procedures and activities. Examples of these accident-prone norms include: failure to use safety equipment, failure to follow safety procedures, alcohol or drug use on the job, failure to pass on information about equipment problems, and failure to report job-related accidents. These norms are frequently transmitted through interaction networks. Sociometric techniques can provide insights about the networks and can be used to develop solutions to accident-prone norms.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychological assessment of the quality of life of elderly people born in America and immigrants].

Comparative study of different aspects of the quality of life of two groups of the former Soviet Union elderly immigrants and native Americans was carried out by means of sociometric technique using expert estimation expressed in numbers. Considerable discrepancy in assessment of individual, behavioral, social and psychological features of the two groups of the responders has been detected and explained.

Acculturation↗
PubMed1993

Greater preference among females than males for dyadic interaction in early childhood.

The present study was designed to examine sex differences in children's preferences for dyadic and group interaction in early childhood. In Study 1, a professional puppeteer interacted with 21 females and 20 males 4 and 5 years of age using 1 (dyad) and 3 (group) puppets in a within-subjects design. Enjoyment of the 2 conditions was assessed through frequency of smiling and eye contact. In addition, sociometric techniques were used to measure the size of children's play networks, and observations of naturally occurring dyadic and group interaction were conducted. Study 2 was a replication of the puppet play procedure used in Study 1 with 38 females and 37 males 3 and 4 years of age. In both studies, females were found to enjoy dyadic interaction more than males. In addition, some evidence suggests that males may enjoy group interaction more than females. Results are discussed in terms of theoretical explanations for sex differences in preferences for interaction with differing numbers of peers.

Analysis of Variance↗