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Results for “Social Control, Formal”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Residential treatment today: the paradox of new premises.

The once-isolated world of the residential treatment center has been altered by the broad social and cultural changes of recent years. New values, especially as introduced by younger staff whose attitudes are often closer to their clients than to their administrators, have created new problems. This paper points to the need for a sensitive professional response, and the ability to embrace change and put it to new therapeutic uses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Authority.

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Conflict, Psychological↗
PubMed1977

Social problems of alcoholics.

A comparison of abstainers and alcoholics showed that the latter were more often involved in social conflicts and breaches of social norms. The breaches of social values were as important as the drinking in society's definition of an alcoholic.

Aggression↗
PubMed1976

Alcoholism as blaming the alcoholic.

Theories of alcoholism tend to blame the alcoholic by implying that most American drinkers have an ability, which the alcoholic lacks, to drink without problems. The presence or absence of this ability or capacity presumably accounts for the incidence of alcohol problems in society. But we normally apply the idea of an ability or a capacity only after an individual has been exposed to the risk of problems from a hazard or difficult task, and when an individual avoids these problems by their efforts. On this point survey data reveal that most American drinkers have a rather limited exposure to alcohol and are not at risk for problems. It is likely that it is this low exposure to alcohol-rather than some drinking ability-that accounts for the absence of problems. Moreover, the entire practice of treating drinking and the occurrence of problems in the idiom of individual abilities, capacities, or control can be shown to be incorrect and is systematically misleading. A public health approach to alcohol problems is needed that identifies the risks for all associated with hazardous intakes of alcohol and that seeks to reduce these hazards chiefly by reducing the overall consumption of alcohol.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1976

The imputation of motives for marijuana behavior.

The motives imputed to marijuana use and nonuse by both users and nonusers were investigated by means of open-ended questions. Verbal responses were categorized to symbolize typal vocabularies of motive, and these categories were tabulated against behavioral, social, experiential, and attitudinal variables. The results indicated that frequency of marijuana use and favorableness in drug attitude are the key factors that influence the degree to which different vocabular explanations are offered. Current users most often say that personal experience and personal reward are the motives behind use of the drug, and that legal sanctions and psychomedical effects largely account for its nonuse. Nonusers with unfavorable attitudes tend to verbalize emotional relief and psychological dependence as the motivations for use, and emotional independence for nonuse. Some of the vocabularies of both of these groups are emphasized by former users and nonusers with favorable attitudes. Interpretations of the data in terms of sociological theories of motives are presented.

Attitude↗