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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Clinical meaning of the Stroke-Adapted Sickness Impact Profile-30 and the Sickness Impact Profile-136.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Handicap or health-related quality of life (HRQL) measures are seldom used in stroke trials, although the importance of these measures has been stressed frequently. We studied the clinical meaning of the Stroke-Adapted Sickness Impact Profile-30 (SA-SIP30) and the original SIP136 for use in stroke research. METHODS: We included 418 patients who had had a stroke 6 months earlier. We studied the associations between the SA-SIP30 and SIP136 scores versus other frequently used outcome measures from the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps (ICIDH) (Barthel Index, Rankin Scale) and the HRQL model (health perception items, Euroqol). To interpret the continuous SA-SIP30 and SIP136 scores, we used receiver operating characteristic curve analysis with the aforementioned measures as external criteria. RESULTS: The psychosocial dimension scores of both SIP versions remained largely unexplained. The physical dimension and total scores of both SIP versions were mainly associated with the disability measures derived from the ICIDH model, as well as with the physical HRQL domains. Most patients with an SA-SIP30 total score >33 or an SIP136 total score >22 had poor health profiles. There were no major differences between the SA-SIP30 and the SIP136, although the SA-SIP30 scores were less skewed toward the healthier outcomes than the SIP136. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that (1) both SIP total scores primarily represent aspects of physical functioning and not HRQL; (2) both SIP versions provide more clinical information than the frequently used disability measures; and (3) the SA-SIP30 should be preferred over the SIP136.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1997

Assessing health in musculoskeletal disorders--the appropriateness of a German version of the Sickness Impact Profile.

The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is gaining increasing popularity in clinical and epidemiological studies, assessing health status or the impact of therapeutic interventions. The SIP was created as a global measure, assessing generic dimensions of health. As there were only a few such methods available in our country, we decided in 1990 to validate a German version of the SIP and to test its appropriateness in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Due to the up-to-dateness of our results, we decided to publish now the data of this German version of the SIP. Reliability, validity and sensitivity to change of the German version of the SIP were tested in 299 patients with musculoskeletal disorders. The test-retest correlation was high for the overall score (r = 0.81), as well as for Cronbach's alpha (r = 0.83). Results for categories were significantly lower. Validity was tested by comparing the SIP to the Keitel Index (r = 0.6) and to the Measurement of Patient Outcome Scale (r = 0.72), as well as to a control group, which showed significant differences in all categories and in the overall score. Furthermore, the SIP was able to demonstrate therapy-related improvements in health in all our patients. We concluded that the german version of the SIP fulfilled statistical test criteria. The results were comparable to those achieved in the original American version. A cross-cultural comparison using the SIP is justified for at least those patients with musculoskeletal disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Validation of an interval scaling: the sickness impact profile.

The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is a measure of sickness-related behavioral dysfunction consisting of 189 items in 14 topic categories. To increase its discrimination, precision, and sensitivity in accounting for variance, the decision was made to scale the instrument. A two-step direct scaling procedure was used in order to avoid the monumental scaling tasks required by indirect procedures that guarantee equal-interval results; but because an equal-interval scale was needed, it was necessary to validate the scale values obtained and investigated the equal-intervval properties of the obtained scale. A three-stage validation process is described, consisting of an initial scaling by a group of 25 health professionals and students in 1973, a second scaling by 108 members of a prepaid group health plan in 1975, and an investigation of the metric properties of the resulting scale values. In addition, the concept of dysfunction underlying the SIP was validated. SIP scores from a field trial were compared with mean ratings of severity of dysfunction represented by the combinations of checked items from which the scores were derived.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

[Functional status of the elderly measured with the Sickness Impact Profile].

The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is a generic questionnaire developed to register the consequences of disease for daily life. We examined an open population (N = 232) aged 65 years and older irrespective of their health status by means of the SIP in order to obtain age related reference values. In addition to patient characteristics data on the patient's morbidity and health appraisal were collected. There appeared to be no relation between SIP-scores and sex. Age, however, as well as morbidity and health appraisal were significantly related to SIP-scores. These results emphasize the importance of the availability of age related reference values in outcome studies.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Sickness Impact Profile: the Italian version].

The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is one of the questionnaires most widely used for the generic evaluation of functional health status. Besides measuring functional status or quality of life, it is also a precious font of information for the psychologist in the inpatient-rehabilitative context when planning an intervention focused on the most dysfunctional areas indicated by the subject. In producing the Italian version of the SIP, attention was duly paid in the translation to maintain equivalence in terms of idioms, grammar and syntax, so as to render it free of erroneous translations or possible. misunderstandings. Since the SIP employs "weighted" items, in order to obtain the weights corresponding to each individual statement a 3-phase procedure was followed: A) each subject "judge" was asked to express on a scale his/her own dysfunctionality judgement for each item; B) statements with the highest and lowest mean weight for each category were identified; C) the same "judges" were then asked to reclassify the statements which had obtained the highest and lowest weights, respectively, on a scale of 15 equidistant intervals; subsequently the same subjects completed the SIP a second time (retest). Results show that the judges were coherent in their estimation of the specific weights for each item. In the judges' second completion of the SIP it was found that the majority of the test-retest correlations fell almost always within the r = 0.70-0.90 range. Moreover, given the marginal difference between Italian and United States weights, both methods may be used for the calculation of the scores. One thus concludes that the SIP questionnaire can be applied in the Italian context.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Can the Sickness Impact Profile measure change? An example of scale assessment.

The Sickness Impact Profile is a well known measure of functional status which has been validated as a measure of differences in function between patients, but not as a measure of within-patient change. To evaluate its performance as a measure of change, the Sickness Impact Profile was compared to a transition index that directly assesses intra-patient differences in maximal physical and emotional function. With the index, patients rate themselves as much better, slightly better, the same, slightly worse or much worse as compared to a previous assessment. When compared to the corresponding index ratings, Sickness Impact Profile subscale score changes for a rating of worse were of greater magnitude than those for a rating of better. The inherent variability of the Sickness Impact Profile score was estimated using the standard deviation of the score change for the index rating "the same". For patients to be regarded as changed they had to lie outside the probability limits of this score change. Defined in this way, only patients who stated they were worse on the index were detected. Receiver operator characteristic curves were constructed and also demonstrated that deteriorations in function were more accurately detected. Using different score cutoffs, the best true positive rate (71%) was obtained using a one point change on the psychosocial subscale. This was accompanied by a 39% false positive rate. No score value appeared sufficiently accurate to be useful. Its apparent inability to detect improvements and deteriorations equally, and the wide standard deviations for a given change in function, may limit the use of the Sickness Impact Profile for following individuals over time.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Utility of the sickness impact profile in Parkinson's disease.

The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is a questionnaire consisting of 136 items grouped into 12 categories and two dimensions (physical and psychosocial). To characterize its utility in Parkinson's disease (PD), we administered the SIP to 44 consecutive clinic patients with PD. Compared to 44 age- and sex-matched control subjects, PD patients had their greatest dysfunction in the categories of mobility, communication, and home management. The two items that PD patients most commonly endorsed were, "I am having trouble writing or typing" (75%) and, "My sexual activity is decreased" (61%). In general, these treated PD patients had greater dysfunction in the psychosocial than physical dimensions. Two simple PD-specific scales correlated well with the physical dimension score but less so with the psychosocial dimension, suggesting that the SIP assesses more functional domains than the PD-specific scales used. The SIP holds some promise as a broad measure of functional status in PD patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1984

Use of a surrogate for the Sickness Impact Profile.

The use of a surrogate Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) score was investigated in a sample of 66 chronically or terminally ill homebound patients and their caretakers. Statistically significant differences in category scores (P less than 0.05) were found in only two categories. Profile analysis revealed no systematic differences between patient and caretaker responses, and agreement was generally quite high. Agreement of a surrogate SIP was somewhat lower if the patient was suffering from a terminal condition, if the patient had lower educational attainment, or if the caretaker did not live in the same household as the patient. Agreement did not appear to be affected by a diagnosis of a neurologic or psychiatric condition, by the patient's age or degree of dysfunction, or by the relationship of the caretaker to the patient. Overall, the results of the study are encouraging with regard to use of surrogate SIP total and dimension scores for group-level analysis of chronically ill patients if the surrogate is a family member who is closely involved in the patient's care.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1988

Development and evaluation of modifications to the Sickness Impact Profile for head injury.

Three modifications were made to the Sickness Impact Profile, a behavior-based measure of health status, to improve its sensitivity to the effects of head injury. (1) Additional items were included to capture head injury sequelae and behaviors typical of young adults, the age group to which head injury most frequently occurs. (2) Subjects individually excluded behaviors irrelevant to them, thus allowing the score to better reflect injury-related changes. (3) The different areas of functioning on the Sickness Impact Profile were reweighted to reflect global judgments of the construct's contribution to overall functioning rather than the sum of the item contributions. Only the first modification is head-injury specific. The others, are relevant to any disease or injury. The performance of the modifications was evaluated in a longitudinal study of 102 head injured and 102 comparison subjects tested at 1 and 12 months after injury. The evaluation of the modifications was based on their ability to distinguish head injury from comparison subjects and on the strength of their relationship with measures of brain dysfunction. Despite a few statistically significant improvements in discrimination, differences of a practical degree were not obtained. The standard Sickness Impact Profile performed well and is recommended for evaluation of day-to-day functioning in head injury studies.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

[Adaptation of a measure of dysfunction-related illness: the Spanish version of Sickness Impact Profile].

BACKGROUND: The aim of the research was to adapt the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) for their use in Spain. The Sickness Impact Profile is a questionnaire that measure the dysfunction related illness in 12 categories. It contain 136 items weighted by the relative importance in each category. In the present article we described the translation and the preliminary weighting process of each item and category. METHODS: In the translation we used the back-translation method by means of English-American and Spanish bilinguals. The items with equivalence B or C were discussed with a group of patients until to reach an agreement in the version. The scaling was carried out by 25 judges (health professionals). Following the same methodology as the original version, the judges firstly placed the relative values of each item in each category on an interval scale of 1 (minimal dysfunction) to 11 (maximal dysfunction) points; secondly the items most and least dysfunctional in each category were placed on a 1-15 interval scale (method of equal appearing intervals). RESULTS: In the translation process we identify 12 items with equivalence B or C. The results showed a high correlation between the values obtained by each judge and the mean values of the judges by item (0.64-0.81). The items were rated with a standard deviation of the mean of 1.91 and a standard deviation of the standard deviation of 0.52. The correlation between Spanish and American values was r = 0.84 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Given the low number of non-equivalent items, the high agreement among the judges in the valuation of the items and the high correlations obtained between the Spanish and American weights, we conclude that the cross-cultural process have been satisfactory. The results should be to repeat in a sample of health consumers. The process of adaptation of the Spanish version will not finish until that the validity and reliability are similar to those of the original version.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1997

Assessing the responsiveness of a functional status measure: the Sickness Impact Profile versus the SIP68.

In this study, the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) and the SIP68 are studied for their ability to detect changes in health-related behavioral status. Methodological approaches toward responsiveness are invented and discussed. Next, literature findings on the responsiveness of the SIP are presented and judged for their validity. The SIP appeared to be able to demonstrate changes in the expected direction and in accordance with changes detected by other instruments. Using data from seven different longitudinal projects in populations with different diagnoses, the responsiveness of both the SIP136 and the SIP68 are subsequently studied and compared. In all populations, changes in functional status were indicated by both instruments. In terms of effect sizes, the SIP136 and the SIP68 do not differ significantly in their responsiveness. Moreover, changes detected by both SIPs appear to be valid representations of changes in health-related functional status.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

Quality of life after intensive care with the sickness impact profile.

OBJECTIVES: a) to validate the structure of the Sickness Impact Profile scale (SIP) when applied to intensive care patients after discharge from the hospital; b) to explore the influence of age upon the various components of quality of life. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Patients admitted to 36 Dutch ICUs. METHODS: 6,247 patients out of 13,000 consecutive admissions to the ICUs answered a SIP questionnaire 6 months after discharge from the hospital. The 3,655 returned questionnaire were analyzed after aggregating the respondents into 6 age groups: from group 1: 17-29 up to group 4: > 70 years of age. INTERVENTION: Self-administration of SIP one year after discharge, measuring 5 independent categories (IC) and two dimensions: physical (PD) and psychosocial (PSD). RESULTS: The total SIP-score oscillated between 5.8 +/- 8.2 (group I) and 10.5 +/- 9.5 (group 4). Group 3 had also a high score (9.4 +/- 11.2). Overall, the quality of life of patients was dominated by dysfunction on the categories composing the physical dimension, with exception of patients with ages between 30 and 50 years, in which dysfunction on the categories composing the psychosocial dimension was dominant. The structure of the SIP in the study was similar to that described to the original instrument. CONCLUSIONS: The study validated the use of the SIP QOL-instrument on patients after intensive care. Age influenced consistently the various components of quality of life.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1976

The sickness impact profile: validation of a health status measure.

The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), a measure of health status, is being developed as an outcome measure of health care. A preliminary study of the validity of the SIP was conducted on a sample of 278 subjects who were grouped into four subsamples differing in kind and severity of sickness. Selfassessment of health status, clinician assessment of health status, and other measures of dysfunction were used as criteria. SIP scores discriminated among subsamples, and correlations between criterion measures and SIP scores provided evidence for the validity of the SIP. Differences among the correlations obtained for each criterion measure with SIP score are discussed in terms of the need for the development of criterion measures that can be expected to differentially relate to the constructs inherent in the SIP.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1984

Pitfalls in measuring the health status of Mexican Americans: comparative validity of the English and Spanish Sickness Impact Profile.

We tested a Spanish translation of the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) in a clinical study of low back pain, which included non-Hispanic patients (Group I), Mexican Americans who used the English SIP (Group II), and Mexican Americans who used the Spanish SIP (Group III). The reliability and clinical validity of responses by these three groups were compared. Internal consistency of responses by all three groups was excellent ( Cronbach 's alpha for the overall SIP = .93 - .95). When construct validity was tested by correlating SIP scores with several clinical measures of disease severity, however, important differences emerged. Group I responses appeared to be highly valid, while group III responses did not; Group II responses appeared reasonably valid, but intermediate between the other groups. These differences appear unlikely to be due to clinical differences, interviewing, or translational problems and seem to parallel the groups' levels of "acculturation." It may be that certain aspects of acculturation, including familiarity with questionnaire research, critically affect the validity of responses to this questionnaire.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

A French version of the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP): stages in the cross cultural validation of a generic quality of life scale.

The Sickness Impact Profile is a quality of life scale developed in the United States which is now widely used in clinical trials in chronic conditions such as chronic obstructive lung disease, angina, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic pain, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease and cancer. Validated generic scales permit cross cultural comparisons within disease processes in clinical trials. As a simple, direct translation of a scale is inadequate, we have created a French version of the original US version of the Sickness Impact Profile. The first phase was qualitative. A first French translation of the original US version was back translated into English by three independent translators. A second French version resulted from a consensus reached by a panel of lay subjects and health professionals after comparing the original US version, the first French version and the three back translations. This second version was tested with a group of 40 healthy volunteers. This qualitative phase resulted in a French Test Version with content and face validity. The quantitative phase assessed the equivalence of the rank order of each item, by sub scale, in the US version with that of the French Test Version, ie the rank of the French item was comparable (+/- 2) to the rank of the corresponding US item. The French Test Version was tested with 47 healthy subjects. Of the 136 items of the Sickness Impact Profile, 13 were retranslated to create a final French version. This was similarly tested on ten healthy subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Classifying change with the Sickness Impact Profile for Nursing Homes (SIP-NH).

The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the concordance of the Sickness Impact Profile for Nursing Homes (SIP-NH) and Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) in classifying change. Subjects consisted of 194 consecutive long-stay nursing home residents at one academic department of the V.A. and in 8 community proprietary nursing homes in San Antonio, Texas. They were to have more than 3 months residency; to be > or = 61 years; and to be dependent in at least 2 ADLs with an MMSE score of > or = 15. Subjects were administered a 128-item SIP and a reduced 66-item SIP-NH at baseline and 4, 8, and 12-month follow-up. At each follow-up, subjects were classified into 3 mutually exclusive change categories using a change score of > or = 5 points. Concordance of the classification of subjects by the SIP-NH and SIP was evaluated. The misclassification rate as well as its direction was also assessed. Both instruments classified a little over one-quarter of the subjects as better, over a third as being unchanged, and another third as being worse at the four-month follow-up. More subjects were classified as worse by both instruments at 8 and 12 months. All kappas ranged from 0.52 to 0.78, indicating good to excellent agreement. Overall, the SIP-NH characterized persons as changed more often than the SIP with no systematic directional bias. In conclusion, the SIP-NH was concordant with the SIP in classifying change in subjects. However, we cannot say which of the two is better for detecting change. Future research must focus on defining a change score which has clinical meaning, and evaluate responsiveness to change.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2001

Measuring health status of people who are wheelchair-dependent: validity of the Sickness Impact Profile 68 and the Nottingham Health Profile.

PURPOSE: Several questionnaires measuring health status are available, but their validity and correspondence between them in people with severe physical disabilities is not well known. In this study, the equivalence of the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and the Sickness Impact Profile 68 (SIP68) was examined. METHODS: Patients were 111 people who were wheelchair-bound due to spinal cord injuries (45%), rheumatic diseases (27%) or other causes (28%). Internal consistency, associations between scales of both questionnaires and with criterion variables (reflecting upper and lower extremity function, perceived health, social functioning and well-being) were examined. RESULTS: Both the NHP and the SIP68 were of acceptable clinimetric quality (Cronbach's alpha 0.53-0.85). Agreement between scales of both questionnaires was moderate for scales reflecting emotional health (0.56) and for scales reflecting physical (0.22-0.68) and social functioning (0.28-0.35). CONCLUSION: The NHP reflects perceived health, whereas the SIP68 reflects functional health status. In rehabilitation research, a careful choice between available health status measures must be made.

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMed1993

Health status assessment in rheumatoid arthritis. II. Evaluation of a modified Shorter Sickness Impact Profile.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a shortened form of the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) for routine practice. METHODS: We used data from a study of health status in 99 women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A stepwise analysis model used physical discomfort (global rating), self-assessed pain (Body Symptom Scale), mental well-being (Mood Adjective Check List) and joint function (Keitel Index) to define important aspects of health. RESULTS: Short forms of the SIP for discrimination (53 items), evaluation (25 items) and prediction (28 items) compared well in validity to the original 136-item SIP. The discriminative short form showed excellent reliability (internal consistency), matching the level of the generic SIP. The evaluative and predictive short forms had acceptable but lower internal consistency than the original Profile. CONCLUSION: We suggest a 64-item core health status questionnaire (SIP-RA) to be included and further tested in the arsenal of routine measurements in outpatients with RA. The questionnaire should include physical (Body care and movement, Mobility), psychosocial (Emotional behavior, Social interaction, Alertness behavior, Communication) and free-standing (Sleep and rest, Home management, Recreation and past-times, Eating) SIP categories, and it will improve the description of patients with RA.

Adult↗