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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Shoulder injuries.

Shoulder injuries result from acute or repetitive over-use mechanisms. An outline for a careful history and physical examination is presented along with recommendations for radiographic imaging of shoulder injuries dependent on the suspected diagnosis and injury mechanism. Descriptions of the more common shoulder problems are presented with recommendations for non-surgical treatment. Indications for surgical treatment that will allow the primary practitioner to best manage these injuries are presented.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1989

Rehabilitation of common shoulder injuries.

Rehabilitation of shoulder injuries begins with a thorough physical examination. Treatment is directed toward correction of the abnormal examination findings with consideration of the pathology. Many of the manual procedures, exercises, and other physical agents may be used with modifications for treatment in many of the diagnostic categories. Continual reassessment of the signs and symptoms is essential for optional progression. Ultimately, treatment should seek to normalize mobility and balance the muscular force couples acting on the shoulder complex.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Prevention and treatment of elbow and shoulder injuries in the tennis player.

Tennis injuries are common in both the upper and lower extremities. The most common, and often most difficult, upper extremity injuries are shoulder tendinitis and tennis elbow (lateral and medial). Key considerations in the treatment of tendinitis include an understanding of the injury process and the resultant character and quantity of the pathologic spectrums. Tendon degeneration rather than tendon repair is the primary pathologic entity secondary to intrinsic muscle-tendon overload. For best treatment results, the protocols of treatment, both surgical and nonsurgical, must be individualized.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Shoulder injuries in archery.

Twenty-one elite-calibre archers (M = 12, F = 9) were investigated concerning all past and present archery-related shoulder injuries, using a questionnaire and physical examination. The questionnaire revealed that 11 of 21 archers had complained of significant shoulder injuries either currently or during their careers. While 9/12 men never had shoulder problems during an average of 13.5 years, only 4/9 women escaped injury during a mean 10.9 year competitive career. Deficits in training programs were noted, including lack of training and non-specific exercises. Clinical examination demonstrated shoulder asymmetry and decreased flexibility in the drawing arm (DA) shoulder. Functional testing revealed a positive impingement sign in 6/21 DA shoulders. Supraspinatus testing showed abnormalities in 4/21 DA shoulders. Pain was referred posteriorly with the impingement maneuver in 5/21 DA shoulders and abnormal external rotation testing was observed in 8/21 DA shoulders. Generally, the females had proportionally more signs and symptoms of shoulder injury than the men, especially involving the DA shoulder. Testing implicated supraspinatus impingement/tendonitis and infraspinatus/teres minor traction tendonitis. These clinical findings correlated with cadaver prosection observations.

Acromion↗
PubMed1989

Axillary aneurysm after shoulder injury. A report of 2 cases.

Two cases of false aneurysm of the axillary artery occurred after closed shoulder injuries. One was a dislocation of the shoulder, and the other was a fracture of the lesser tuberosity. In both cases the diagnosis was delayed, and only became apparent after excessive bruising was seen.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Diagnosis and treatment of shoulder injuries in the athlete.

The goal of the treatment team dealing with patients who have sports-related shoulder injuries is to return them to their previous activity. There is no substitute for knowledge of anatomy, diagnosis modalities, or current treatments. Realistically, some of the athletes are not able to return to the level of competition they performed originally. For those patients, recommendations and suggestions for alternatives based on a sound knowledge of arthroscopic principles need to be considered. One of the greatest roles for the nurse treating these patients may be the temporary loan of her shoulder for them to lean on.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of shoulder injuries in professional baseball players.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to evaluate the shoulders of 10 symptomatic professional baseball players and one asymptomatic player, with surgical correlation in six cases and arthrographic correlation in two cases. Seven small rotator cuff tears measuring 0.5-1 cm were identified on MR images, with arthrographic and surgical confirmation of these findings in two patients and surgical confirmation only in three patients. Cortical irregularity and/or subchondral cyst formation at the posterior aspect of the greater tuberosity near the insertion site of the infraspinatus tendon was found in five of the seven players with rotator cuff tears. Similar findings were noted in the asymptomatic volunteer and in one of the three players without cuff tear, who also had irregular thickening of the posterior capsule. These findings are believed to represent chronic avulsive changes resulting from the deceleration stresses of the follow-through motion.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Clinical aspects of shoulder injuries.

The reader is presented with the important anatomical and biomechanical aspects of the shoulder and the most commonly seen injuries of the soft tissues. Ultrasonography is most efficacious in terms of noninvasiveness, accuracy, and cost during the initial presentation by patients with complaints, physical signs, and negative roentgenograms. It allows the practitioner to make treatment decisions when therapeutic modalities have their maximum benefit, that is, as soon after the injury as possible.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

The diagnosis and nonoperative treatment of shoulder injuries in athletes.

The specific emphasis in this article has been directed toward the diagnosis of prevalent shoulder pathology in a young athletic population; however, as the interest in sports has blossomed in recent years now encompassing a larger age range, the physician must not neglect common pathologic conditions of the older athletes. Fastidious adherence to complete history, physical examination, and a high level of suspicion for uncommon disorders is paramount. Arthritides such as osteo, rheumatoid, septic, and lyme as well as the hematologic disorders of multiple myeloma, lymphomas, leukemia, hemophilia, and Gaucher's disease can all present with shoulder pain. Thoracic outlet syndrome, scalene syndrome, supra-scapular nerve syndrome, and quadrilateral space syndrome comprise a group of nerve compression syndromes that are becoming more apparent as our diagnostic skills improve. Yet, the most pervasive disorders in the young athlete are due to lack of shoulder stability. By understanding the delicate balance in normal shoulder between mobility and stability, the clinician is better able to conceptualize the etiology and progression of the problem, and design the optimal treatment program.

Athletic Injuries↗