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Results for “Serous Membrane”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Experimental study of subcutaneously transferred intestine: effect of the presence of serous membrane on acceptance rate.

The serous membrane is considered suspect as one of the obstacles responsible for delaying the acceptance of free jejunal grafts. A model was created of subcutaneous transfer of jejunum from which the serous membrane had been experimentally removed and the authors compared acceptance rates for intestine with and without a serous membrane. Results showed acceptance rates of 0 percent, 37.5 percent, 87.5 percent, and 100 percent respectively, for intestine devoid of serous membrane in which the vascular pedicle had been ligated 4, 5, 7 and 14 days after transfer. When these findings were compared with the results of an experiment on intestine with an intact serous membrane, statistically significant differences were detected between the acceptance rates of the groups ligated 5 and 7 days after transfer. The acceptance time required for intestine devoid of serous membrane was shown to be shorter.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Angiosarcoma of serous membranes.

Three angiosarcomas of serous membrane are described. One originated in peritoneum, one in pleura, and one in pericardium. The tumor arising in peritoneum was a cystic lymphangiosarcoma and may have been caused by previous therapeutic irradiation for carcinoma of the endometrium. This tumor invaded the peritoneal and right pleural cavities extensively and thus resembled diffuse mesothelioma in its behavior. The tumors arising in pleura and pericardium were hemangiosarcomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Microcirculatory bed of serous membranes in rats with spontaneous genetic hypertension].

The microvasculature (MV) of serous membranes was compared in rats with spontaneous genetic hypertension (SHR) and in normotensive Wistar rats. The study showed that in hypertension MV lesions had a systemic distribution, as structural changes were present in every MV component (arterioles, precapillaries, capillaries, postcapillaries, venules, lymphatic capillaries, and postcapillaries, nerve fibers); these lesions were generalized, as similar alterations could be found in all serous membranes studied. A close resemblance observed between MV of serous membranes in SHR and in patients who died of hypertensive disease confirms the concept suggesting the existence of MV changes which were relatively specific for hypertension, along with those of the nonspecific nature. Specificity of the hypertensive process is manifested in severe vascular lesions of a peculiar type, while the nonspecific phenomena are represented by a combination of intravascular, perivascular, and minimal vascular alterations represented by a universal MV response to various stresses.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Malignant vascular tumors of the serous membranes mimicking mesothelioma. A report of 14 cases.

Malignant endothelial neoplasms involving the serous membranes are rare, and only a few cases have been documented. We report 14 patients with epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) or epithelioid angiosarcoma (EA) diffusely involving the pleural, peritoneal, or pericardial cavities, resulting in a picture closely resembling mesothelioma. The mean age at diagnosis was 52 (range, 34-85). The patients included two women and one man with peritoneal tumors, eight men with pleural tumors, and three men with pericardial tumors. A shared histological appearance was a diffuse sheet-like and clustered pattern of tumor growth with variable degrees of vascular differentiation. A tubulopapillary growth pattern, often seen in mesothelioma, was prominent in four cases. Nine cases showed a variable number of spindle cells, some neoplastic, others reactive, focally producing a biphasic growth pattern, further suggesting mesothelioma. Initial interpretations included mesothelioma, adenocarcinoma, and, in one case with prominent spindle-cell components, leiomyosarcoma. Immunohistochemically, strong vimentin staining and negative or weak to moderate cytokeratin staining were observed in all 14 cases. The tumor cells coexpressed at least two of the four endothelial markers used in the study (CD31, CD34, von Willebrand factor, and Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I [UEA-I)]. Detection of abortive vessel formation was facilitated by staining for collagen type IV. Markers of mesothelial, epithelial, muscular, and neuronal differentiation were all negative in the subset of cases studied. As a control group, 39 mesotheliomas and more than 60 adenocarcinomas of various origins were studied using the same antibody panel. This group revealed strong keratin staining, moderate or negative vimentin staining, and no expression of any of the endothelial-lineage markers, with the exception of positive staining for UEA-I in occasional adenocarcinomas. Clinically, these endothelial tumors were highly aggressive; 12 patients presented with disseminated disease, and most died within months of the initial presentation. These findings indicate that, although uncommon, EHE/EA should be included in the differential diagnosis of serous membrane neoplasms with histological and clinical features of malignant mesothelioma. The diagnosis of an endothelial neoplasm can be suspected by the presence of abortive vessel formation and by the strong expression of vimentin, with absent or low-level expression of cytokeratin. The demonstration of immunoreactivity for two or more endothelial-associated markers is essential in confirming the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Morphologic changes in the lymph microcirculation of serous membranes in rheumatism and systemic lupus erythematosus].

Microcirculation consists of two elements--hemomicrocirculation and lymphomicrocirculation, the both being closely interrelated with each other. Lymphomicrocirculation was studied on the serous membranes taken from dead people who had died of rheumatism and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The microcirculatory bed in the serous membranes was identified by V. V. Kupriyanov's method. The results of the studies showed that in serous membranes in rheumatism there occurred gradual emptying of lymphomicrocirculation and at the same time--compensatory-adaptive and regeneratory processes, the latter being manifested in formation of blind projections of capillaries, in broadening of the lumen. In SLE the lymphatic link actively participated in elimination of metabolism products and underwent a continuous rearrangement with formation of closed and communicant cysterns. Moreover, there was noted a new formation of lymphatic capillaries, which should be considered as a compensatory-adaptive process. Hemo- and lymphomicrocirculation elements are intimately connected due to close contacts between capillaries of the two elements of microcirculation, however, without formation of connecting fistulas. Hemo- and lymphomicrocirculation is an integrate, and under conditions of pathology there developed therein compensatory-adaptive and regenerative processes aimed at the maintenance of tissue metabolic and hemodynamic homeostasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Microcirculatory bed of the serous membranes in hypertension].

In hypertension, all the components are affected in the microcirculatory bed of serous membranes: arterioles, precapillaries, capillaries, postcapillaries, venules, lymph capillaries and postcapillaries. Convolution of microvessels, formation of loops, skeins, torsions along the longitudinal axis, deformation of walls (folds and angularity of the contours, multiple unilateral and bilateral protrusions and invaginations, sacciform and cylindrical microaneurisms, multiplication of venules) are observed. In the control material collected from subjects who had died of various traumas vascular changes in serous membranes are poorly manifest or absent indicating a relative specificity of the microvessel involvement in hypertension. The results of the study are in accord with known from literature descriptions of changes in the microcirculatory bed of the eye conjunctiva observed in biomicroscopy in patients with hypertension which confirms the generalized nature of MCB involvement in this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Static DNA cytometry as a diagnostic aid in effusion cytology: I. DNA aneuploidy for identification and differentiation of primary and secondary tumors of the serous membranes.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether DNA aneuploidy is a sensitive and specific marker for the identification of tumor cells in effusions and whether the pattern of DNA aneuploidy can provide important information for the differential diagnosis of primary and secondary tumors of the serous membranes. STUDY DESIGN: One hundred eight malignant mesotheliomas as well as 102 metastatic carcinomas of the serous membranes were obtained from routine cytologic and histologic material. One hundred reactive effusions were investigated as controls. Nuclear DNA contents were measured after Feulgen staining using a TV image analysis system. RESULTS: DNA aneuploidy was assumed if abnormal DNA stemlines, a coefficient of variation of the first DNA stemline > or = 10%, or cells > 9c were observed. On this basis the prevalence of DNA aneuploidy in mesotheliomas was 83% for cytologic and 84% for histologic material. In effusions of metastatic carcinomas it was 100%. None of the 100 reactive effusions revealed DNA aneuploidy (prevalence, 0%). Positive predictive value for mesotheliomas was 100%; negative predictive value was 88% for cytologic and 82% for histologic material. Positive predictive value for metastatic carcinomas was 100%; negative predictive value was 100%. Seventy-two percent of the mesotheliomas revealed their greatest stemline within the range 1.80c-2.20c, whereas none of the metastatic carcinomas showed this stemline position. CONCLUSION: DNA image cytometry might be a very sensitive and highly specific, additional tool for identification of neoplastic cells in effusions as well as for the differential diagnosis of mesothelioma vs. metastatic carcinoma of the serous membranes.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed2000

Novel tissue culture method: skeletal muscle implantation under gizzard serous membrane of a chick.

A novel method for a long-term culture of skeletal muscle is described. Skeletal muscle pieces from young chicks were implanted under the gizzard serous membrane of the same chicks. Following muscle degeneration, new well-grouped muscle fibers were formed by the fusion of myocytes that differentiated from surviving satellite cells, and the regenerated muscle tissues were maintained in position for longer than 60 days. The implants were in the vital circulatory system, receiving trophic and oxygen supplies, and are completely free from motor nerve innervation and cell contamination with exogenous muscle cells, not as in intra-muscular implantation. Therefore, this tissue culture method should be useful for studying skeletal muscle regeneration and maturation over a long period. Furthermore, osteogenesis and feather development were also found in the implants of embryonic limbs by using the same method. These observations showed that not only skeletal muscle tissues but also other tissues could be cultured under the gizzard serous membrane.

Actins↗
PubMed1996

Absence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in malignant vascular tumors of the serous membranes.

Reports connect Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) with various types of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and body-cavity-based lymphomas (primary effusion lymphomas). KSHV DNA sequences have also been detected in a few non-KS malignant vascular tumors. To determine whether KSHV is associated with malignant vascular tumors involving the body cavities, 11 primary vascular tumors of the serous membranes (4 angiosarcomas, 7 hemangioendotheliomas) were tested for KSHV sequences by polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot hybridization. The tumors were from patients who were not known to be immunocompromised. KSHV sequences were detected in the penile KS control but were absent in all 11 specimens studied. Our results were consistent with previous reports that KSHV sequences were rarely detected in non-KS vascular lesions. The results also suggested that although KSHV sequences might be present in primary effusion tumors such as primary effusion lymphoma, they might not be found in other tumors related to body cavities or to serous membranes.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1996

The serous membranes in the cat. Electron microscopic observations.

Visceral and parietal pleura, peritoneum and pericardium of 26 adult cats were studied by means of transmission electron microscopy. The main components of the three serous membranes follow a general plan: mesothelium, basal lamina (BL) and submesothelial connective tissue layer. They show significant diversities in both sheets of the three serous membranes in the different organs and regions. The elastic membrane under the BL is an obligatory component of the visceral pleura. Two basic cell types - high and flat, as well as intermediate and degenerative cell forms are described in the mesothelial layer. The high cells are especially characteristic of the visceral sheets, while the flat cells predominate in the parietal sheets. The involvement of the mesothelium in the homeostasis in the cavities is discussed. A detailed characteristic of the BL of both sheets and its variation in individual organs is presented. Varieties of cells, collagen and elastic fibers, blood and lymph capillaries of the connective tissue layers of the visceral and parietal sheets are described with special reference to their relation to different underlying tissues. An attempt to find a structure-functional correlation of these observations is made. The transport capability of the pleura and peritoneum is investigated by the intrapleural and intraperitoneal application of horseradish peroxidase (HRP).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Competitive inhibition of the fixation of various cytotropic antibodies to mast cells of the peritoneal serous membrane in the guinea pig].

The degranulating capacity of guinea pig peritoneal serous membrane mast-cells due to IgG1 and reaginic homocytotropic antibodies and heterocytotropic rabbit IgG antibody was studied, as was the interference which nonspecific immunoglobulins may produce in the fixation of antibodies. Although the capacity to degranulate mast-cells proved identical for all the antibodies studied, reagin appears to possess a greater fixation capacity for a possible cellular membrane site. The greater resistence of reagin to elimination by washing could account for this.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Pathomorphology of the vessels of the microcirculatory bed of the serous membranes in systemic allergic vasculitis].

The impregnation method and micropreparation were used to study the morphological changes in vessels of the microcirculatory channel of serous membranes in systemic allergic vasculites. Inflammatory and sclerotic processes in arterioles, precapillaries, capillaries, postcapillaries, and venules were found to be accompanied by regeneration changes and complicated adaptative alteration of the intact structures of the terminal vascular bed. The paper also presents morphological data reflecting decompensation processes in local lymph and blood flow.

Adolescent↗