[Training prior to discharge for patient's self care: self care by patients with cerebrovascular disorders].
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Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
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[The manner of care, self care and quality of life dialysis patients].
BACKGROUND: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe specific strategies used by ESRD patients to manage their illness on their own behalf in order to attain their health goals, promote personal development and well-being. METHODS: A representative sample of 178 patients on dialysis of the Swiss German-speaking population was selected. The participants were treated in-centre on hemodialysis (HD) or had ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Data collection procedure for specific self-care activities was structured interviews. Self-care capabilities were measured with the ASA-scale and well-being was rated on the Cantril's ladder. RESULTS: Both patient groups were comparable on demographics, severity of illness except for dialysis duration, social support and general self-care capabilities. Both patient groups scored their subjective well-being 7 or higher on a scale of 10. There was a significant positive correlation between amount of dialysis self-care and subjective well-being. There was no difference in effectiveness of dialysis self-care between in-centre HD and CAPD patients. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that patients in this study perform a substantial amount of self-care and perceive their subjective well-being as good. These findings indicate that treatment modalities both of HD and CAPD provide equal opportunities for quality of life if patient selection is based on history of renal disease, available social support and self-care capabilities.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Self care--self blame.
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Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
Self care--self blame.
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Attitude of Health Personnel↗
Health-promoting self-care behaviors, self-care self-efficacy, and self-care agency.
The relationships among health-promoting self-care behaviors, self-care self-efficacy, and self-care agency were investigated. The purpose of the study reported here was to explore conceptual integration that could be useful in determining interventions that enhance self-care agency. The sample consisted of 379 adult subjects. The instrumentation scales included: Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices, and Exercise of Self-Care Agency. A canonical correlation identified a significant variate with a correlation of .76 (p < .001) accounting for 58% of the variance explained. The loading variables included: spiritual growth, self-concept, initiative, and responsibility. Therefore, spiritual growth was more strongly related to self-care agency than self-efficacy.
Adolescent↗
Maximizing stroke recovery using patient self-care self-efficacy.
Self-care self-efficacy is a compensatory mechanism that may lead to improved psychological adaptation poststroke. Nurses working with stroke patients may use self-care self-efficacy interventions to help the patients achieve a successful recovery. This article describes the four components of self-efficacy, and discusses their application to stroke patients in rehabilitation. Self-care self-efficacy interventions have the potential to decrease depression and increase quality of life for patients after stroke, and may become a valuable tool for nurses who practice in rehabilitation settings. The use of self-care self-efficacy techniques by nurses helps to motivate patients to succeed in their self-care after stroke.
Aged↗
Self-care self-efficacy, quality of life, and depression after stroke.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship of self-care self-efficacy to functional independence, quality of life, and depression after stroke. METHODS: Longitudinal, descriptive correlational design. SETTING: Inpatient rehabilitation facility at 1 month after stroke and home at 6 months after stroke. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-three stroke survivors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Four instruments: Strategies Used by People to Promote Health, Quality of Life Index--Stroke Version, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and Functional Independence Measure. RESULTS: Self-care self-efficacy increased after stroke and was strongly correlated with quality of life measures and depression at both 1 and 6 months after stroke. Functional independence and quality of life increased over time, while depression decreased. Functional independence was modestly correlated with quality of life at 6 months after stroke, but not at 1 month after stroke. CONCLUSIONS: Self-care self-efficacy is strongly related to quality of life and to depression. Clinicians and family may encourage stroke patients' self-confidence, expectations for self-care, and self-efficacy behaviors, thereby improving patients' quality of life.
Activities of Daily Living↗
An intervention to increase quality of life and self-care self-efficacy and decrease symptoms in breast cancer patients.
This study tested effects of a nurse-administered self-efficacy intervention given on five monthly occasions and designed to enhance patients' self-care self-efficacy. The hypotheses were that at four months and eight months after beginning chemotherapy the efficacy-enhancing experimental group would have significantly higher scores on quality of life and self-care self-efficacy than the control group and significantly less symptom distress. Fifty-six women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer were randomized to the experimental and control groups. Outcome variables were quality of life, measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Treatment-Breast (FACT-B), symptom distress, measured by the Symptom Distress Scale (SDS), and factors of self-care self-efficacy, measured by Strategies Used by Patients to Promote Health (SUPPH). The interaction effects for the FACT-B ranged from small for functional concerns (eta square = .03) to large for social concerns (eta square = .110); effects for the SDS were large (eta square = .140), and for factors on the SUPPH effect sizes ranged from small (eta square = .01) for Enjoying Life and Stress Reduction to medium (eta square = .089) for Coping, and large (eta square = .141) for Making Decisions. Interventions to promote self-efficacy may increase quality of life and decrease symptom distress for women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Self-care self-efficacy, depression, and quality of life among patients receiving hemodialysis in Taiwan.
The purpose of this study is to examine relationships among self-care self-efficacy, depression, and quality of life in 160 patients receiving hemodialysis. The study is a descriptive, correlational design. Measures include Strategies Used by People to Promote Health, the Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Quality of Life Index. Results indicate that self-care self-efficacy and depression are the significant predictors of quality of life after controlling for the effect of age. Self-care self-efficacy explains 47.5% of the variance (beta=0.52, p<0.001) and depression (beta=-0.29, p<0.001) explains an additional 5.5% of variance in quality of life. The study provides important information for health care providers as they design interventions for patients receiving hemodialysis.
Depression↗
Impact of chronic pain on health care seeking, self care, and medication. Results from a population-based Swedish study.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To explore individual and social factors that could predict health care utilisation and medication among people with chronic pain in an unselected population. DESIGN: A mailed survey with questions about pain and mental symptoms, disability, self care action, visits to health care providers, and medication. SETTING: General populations in two Swedish primary health care (PHC) districts. Medical care was given in a state health system. PARTICIPANTS: A random sample (from the population register) of 15% of the population aged 25-74 (n = 1806). MAIN RESULTS: Among people reporting chronic pain 45.7% (compared with 29.8 of non-chronic pain persons, p < 0.05) consulted a physician and 7.2% (compared with 1.2%, p < 0.05) a physiotherapist during three months. Primary health care was the most frequent care provider. High pain intensity, aging, depression, ethnicity, and socioeconomic level had the greatest impact on physician consultations. Alternative care, used by 5.9%, was associated with high pain intensity and self care. Use of self care was influenced by high pain intensity, regular physical activity, and ethnicity. Alternative care and self care did not imply lower use of conventional health care. Women reporting chronic pain consumed more analgesics and sedatives than corresponding men. Besides female gender, high pain intensity, insomnia, physician consultation, social network, and self care action helped to explain medication with analgesics. Use of herbal remedies and ointments correlated to self care action, visit to an alternative therapist, high pain intensity, and socioeconomic level. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of chronic pain has an impressive impact on primary health care and medication. Various therapeutic actions are common and are partly overlapping. The use of health care among people with chronic pain depends above all on pain perception and intensity of pain but is also affected by ethnicity, age, socioeconomic level, and depressive symptoms. Among people with chronic pain use of analgesics is common in contrast with other types of pain relief (acupuncture, physiotherapy) suitable for treating chronic pain symptoms.
Activities of Daily Living↗
Relationships among self-care agency, self-efficacy, self-care, and glycemic control.
Costly complications of diabetes often arise from poor glycemic control. Appropriate diabetes self-care management may improve control. This study examined whether self-care management affects glycemic control and mediates relationships between self-efficacy and self-care agency with glycemic control. In a cross-sectional correlational design, data from a prior study of 141 insulin-requiring adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes were examined using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and multiple hierarchical regression. Findings indicated that greater self-care agency and self-efficacy lead to greater self-care management, in turn leading to better glycemic control. Self-care management did not mediate between self-efficacy or self-care agency and glycemic control. Thus, beliefs or capabilities for self-care are insufficient to improve glycemic control; doing so requires self-care management.
Adult↗
Does stimulating self-care increase self-care behaviour for minor illnesses of Dutch and Turkish inhabitants of a deprived area in The Netherlands?
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to examine whether self-care behaviour increases after a self-care stimulating intervention that proved to be successful in reducing care-seeking behaviour for minor illnesses of Turkish and Dutch inhabitants of a deprived area in the Netherlands, and to see whether there are cultural differences. METHOD: This longitudinal study was based on a "pre-test/post-test one group" design. Data were collected during three structured face-to-face interviews: before the intervention, and 6 months and 1 year after the intervention, in which GPs personally handed out booklets to their patients containing guidelines on the management of 12 minor illnesses. RESULTS: The number of self-reported self-care actions did not increase. In contrast to the Dutch, the Turkish participants reported a decrease in the number of self-care actions, their attitude towards self-care became more negative, and they perceived less control. CONCLUSION: Apparently, a reduction in formal health care utilisation is not engendered by an increase in self-care behaviour. In order to make sure that interventions like these will have the intended effect, more research is needed, particularly among non-western populations. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: In developing future healthcare-reducing interventions, one should be aware of possible unwanted side effects in non-western populations.
Cross-Cultural Comparison↗
California healthy and ready to work transition health care guide: developmental guidelines for teaching health care self-care skills to children.
This article presents developmental guidelines that can be used by parents and nurses for teaching children health care self-care skills. These guidelines are intended to provide a framework for instructing parents and nurses about the developmentally appropriate skills children can learn to become self sufficient in managing their own health care needs. The guidelines are based on the developmental frameworks of Piaget and Erikson and self-care models of Orem. Although general in scope, these guidelines can be individualized to the needs of each child.
Adolescent↗
A measure of self-care self-efficacy.
Strategies Used by People to Promote Health (SUPPH), a 29-item self-report, is a measure of self-care self-efficacy. Items for the SUPPH were empirically generated, validated by an expert panel, and tested (N = 275) for psychometric properties, factor composition, and convergent and discriminant evidence with existing scales. Good initial psychometric properties were found for the SUPPH and four factors emerged: coping, stress reduction, making decisions, and enjoying life. These factors are consistent with the underlying self-efficacy theory upon which the scale is based.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Self-care agency and self-care practice of adolescents.
The purposes of this study were threefold: (a) to describe self-care agency, (b) to describe self-care practice, and (c) to describe the relationship between self-care agency and self-care practice in adolescents. The usefulness of Orem's Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (SCDNT) with adolescents also was evaluated. Participants in this study included 173 adolescents, 14 to 19 years of age. Data were collected in classroom settings in two diverse high schools. Denyes Self Care Agency Instrument-90 and Denyes Self-Care Practice Instrument-90 were administered. Results revealed the presence of self-care agency and self-care practice. Although self-care practice was lower than self-care agency, a significant positive correlation was found between the two concepts. The lower self-care practice scores, as compared with the self-care agency scores, suggest that characteristic adolescent behaviors may or may not interfere with self-care practice. The results of this study support the usefulness of Orem's SCDNT with adolescent populations and identify the critical need for further research examining self-care in adolescents.
Adolescent↗
[Nursing and self care: definition of self care].
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Humans↗
The relationships of self-care agency and self-care actions to caregiver strain as perceived by female family caregivers of elderly parents.
The relationships of self-care agency and self-care actions to perceived caregiver strain among female family caregivers of elderly parents were examined in this descriptive correlational study. The length of time in the caregiver role, the quantity of multiple roles, and types of caregiving tasks performed by the caregiver were examined with the self-care variables to note their association with caregiver strain. This study was based on Orem's (1991) conceptual model. A convenience sample of 131 primary caregivers completed. The Burden Interview, Denyes Self Care Agency Instrument and Denyes Self Care Practice Instrument by mail survey. Significant findings show an inverse relationship between self-care agency and caregiver strain; self-care actions mediated relationships between household tasks, emotional support, and caregiver strain; the moderating effects of multiple roles on self-care actions increased caregiver strain, and the moderator effects of personal care tasks on self-care actions decreased caregiver strain. These findings suggest the need for nurses to educate caregivers to use effective self-care actions and to assess for factors that may influence caregivers and affect caregiving outcomes.
Adult↗
[Nursing and self care: rehabilitation and self care--an evaluation of ADL].
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Activities of Daily Living↗