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Results for “Seedling vigor”

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3 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2025

Role of functional genes for seed vigor related traits through genome-wide association mapping in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.).

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) is a calcium-rich, nutritious and resilient crop that thrives even in harsh environmental conditions. In such ecologies, seed longevity and seedling vigor are crucial for sustainable crop production amid climate change. The current study explores the genetics of accelerated aging on seed longevity traits across 221 diverse accessions of finger millet through genome-wide association approach (GWAS). A significant variation was identified in germination percentage, germination rate indices, mean germination time, seedling vigor indices and dry weight upon aging treatment. GWAS model from 11,832 high-quality SNPs identified through Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) approach produced 491 marker-trait associations (MTAs) for 27 traits, of which 54 were FDR-corrected. A pleiotropic SNP, FM_SNP_9478 identified on chromosome 7B was associated with the traits viz., germination after aging, germination index after aging and their relative measures. Functional annotation revealed DET1 and expansin-A2 influenced seed coat integrity, critical for germination and aging resilience. Probable protein phosphatase 2C3 and piezo-type ion channels contributed to mechanical sensing and stress adaptation in seeds. Beta-amylase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 were identified for seed metabolism and stress response. These insights lay the framework for targeted breeding efforts to improve seed quality and resilience under diverse production conditions.

Eleusine↗
PubMed2025

Balancing nutrient remobilization and photosynthesis: proteomic insights into the dual role of lupin cotyledons after germination.

Efficient nutrient mobilization from seed storage tissues is essential for seedling establishment, particularly in legumes such as Lupinus albus (white lupin), which thrive in nutrient-poor soils. This study investigates the role of cotyledons in nitrogen (N) and mineral remobilization after germination during their transition from storage organs to photosynthetically active tissues, including the metabolic challenges posed by the coexistence of these two functions in epigeal germination. We cultivated white lupin seedlings under nitrogen-deficient conditions, analyzing cotyledon composition and function over 28 days. Our results indicate that 60% of cotyledon-stored proteins are degraded within the first 8 days, with free amino acids transiently accumulating before being redistributed to support growth. The progressive depletion of cotyledon reserves was accompanied by structural and metabolic changes, including an increase in photosynthetic proteins. However, cotyledon photosynthetic capacity remained lower than that of true leaves, suggesting a transient role in energy metabolism. The loss of cotyledons before day 12 significantly impaired seedling development, emphasizing their critical contribution to nitrogen, phosphate, and micronutrient supply during early growth. Comparative proteomic analysis revealed dynamic shifts in nutrient transport, amino acid metabolism, and stress response pathways following cotyledon removal. These findings underscore the significance of cotyledon nutrient remobilization in legume adaptation to low-fertility soils and highlight potential targets for breeding strategies aimed at improving nutrient use efficiency. By optimizing cotyledon nutrient composition and function, future breeding efforts could enhance seedling vigor, reduce fertilizer dependency, and improve the nutritional value of lupin-based foods.

Lupinus↗
PubMed2025

Slmsh1-induced heritable enhancement of traits for tomato breeding improvement.

Vegetable grafting is a horticultural technique employed to develop specialized plant varieties by effectively enhancing resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as improving fruit quality and yield. However, these advantageous traits are generally non-heritable. The MSH1 gene induced heritable enhancement-through-grafting (HEG) effect on growth vigor, demonstrating promising application potential. In this study, we employed the msh1 mutant tomato as a rootstock to induce heritable superior traits and combined this approach with hybridization techniques to enhance tomato cultivars. Three Slmsh1 mutants were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 which exhibited a dwarf phenotype with whitened spots. By grafting several distinct inbred lines onto Slmsh1, we observed significant HEG, drought stress tolerance, and fruit quality. Under drought conditions, Slmsh1-grafted tomato seedlings exhibited increased biomass and enhanced drought tolerance through the regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities. Differential expression and methylation analyses of the graft progeny revealed that these heritable enhanced traits (HETs) are likely attributable to epigenetic modifications in the expression of ROS-scavenging- and hormone-related genes. Furthermore, to explore practical applications, we crossed inbred lines with HETs and evaluated the growth, yield, and fruit quality of the resulting hybrid combinations. The results indicated that these hybrid combinations improved fruit yield and quality, enhancing the total soluble solids, soluble sugar, and soluble protein content. These findings suggest that Slmsh1-grafted progenies enhanced plant biomass and drought resistance, while their hybrid combinations positively influenced root growth, yield, and fruit quality, providing new insights into the synergistic integration of genome editing and conventional breeding.

Solanum lycopersicum↗