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Results for “Seed aging”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

Disruption of the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway: a study of seed aging in Saposhnikovia divaricata caused by UBC1 gene family suppression.

BACKGROUND: Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. is a perennial herb whose seed aging during storage significantly reduces germination rates, limiting industrial-scale production. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative damage is a key driver of seed aging, but the underlying mechanisms in Saposhnikovia divaricata remain unclear. RESULTS: Suppression of the UBC1 gene family reduces the activity of ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, leading to dysfunction of the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway, which in turn decreases protein degradation efficiency and causes the accumulation of damaged proteins. Transcriptome analysis revealed predominant downregulation of genes crucial for seed physiological maintenance. By the fourth year of storage, germination dropped sharply to 30.67%, accompanied by embryo cavitation. Downregulation of ribosome pathway genes hindered ribosome assembly and protein synthesis, while suppression of endoplasmic reticulum protein processing genes led to unfolded/misfolded protein accumulation and intensified cellular stress, accelerating aging. Proteomic analysis showed increased total differential and antioxidant-related proteins. ROS content fluctuated with storage time: peroxyl radicals peaked in year two (5.68 RFU/mg), whereas hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide were highest in year four (0.0655 pg/mL and 0.0946 pg/mL, respectively), with significant differences across periods. Elevated membrane-related proteins, increased electrical conductivity, and malondialdehyde content (maximum 54.30 nmol/g at year four) confirmed oxidative membrane damage. ROS-induced stress promotes protein misfolding, and reduced UBC1 expression is associated with impaired clearance of misfolded proteins by the ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first integrated transcriptomic and proteomic insight into UBC1 deficiency-mediated seed aging in Saposhnikovia divaricata. The findings enhance molecular understanding of seed aging and offer new directions for improving seed storage and viability.

Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes↗
PubMed2025

Role of functional genes for seed vigor related traits through genome-wide association mapping in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.).

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) is a calcium-rich, nutritious and resilient crop that thrives even in harsh environmental conditions. In such ecologies, seed longevity and seedling vigor are crucial for sustainable crop production amid climate change. The current study explores the genetics of accelerated aging on seed longevity traits across 221 diverse accessions of finger millet through genome-wide association approach (GWAS). A significant variation was identified in germination percentage, germination rate indices, mean germination time, seedling vigor indices and dry weight upon aging treatment. GWAS model from 11,832 high-quality SNPs identified through Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) approach produced 491 marker-trait associations (MTAs) for 27 traits, of which 54 were FDR-corrected. A pleiotropic SNP, FM_SNP_9478 identified on chromosome 7B was associated with the traits viz., germination after aging, germination index after aging and their relative measures. Functional annotation revealed DET1 and expansin-A2 influenced seed coat integrity, critical for germination and aging resilience. Probable protein phosphatase 2C3 and piezo-type ion channels contributed to mechanical sensing and stress adaptation in seeds. Beta-amylase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 were identified for seed metabolism and stress response. These insights lay the framework for targeted breeding efforts to improve seed quality and resilience under diverse production conditions.

Eleusine↗
PubMed2024

QTL mapping for seed vigor-related traits under artificial aging in common wheat in two introgression line (IL) populations.

BACKGROUND: Seed vigor recognized as a quantitative trait is of particular importance for agricultural production. However, limited knowledge is available for understanding genetic basis of wheat seed vigor. METHODS: The aim of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for 10 seed vigor-related traits representing multiple aspects of seed-vigor dynamics during artificial aging with 6 different treatment times (0, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 h) under controlled conditions (48 °C, 95% humidity, and dark). The mapping populations were two wheat introgression lines (IL-1 and IL-2) derived from recipient parent (Lumai 14) and donor parent (Shaanhan 8675 or Jing 411). RESULTS: A total of 26 additive QTLs and 72 pairs of epistatic QTLs were detected for wheat seed-vigor traits. Importantly, chromosomes 1B and 7B contained several co-located QTLs, and chromosome 2A had a QTL-rich region near the marker Xwmc667, indicating that these QTLs may affect wheat seed vigor with pleiotropic effects. Furthermore, several possible consistent QTLs (hot-spot regions) were examined by comparison analysis of QTLs detected in this study and reported previously. Finally, a set of candidate genes for wheat seed vigor were predicted to be involved in transcription regulation, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. CONCLUSION: The present findings lay new insights into the mechanism underlying wheat seed vigor, providing valuable information for wheat genetic improvement especially marker-assisted breeding to increase seed vigor and consequently achieve high grain yield despite of further investigation required.

Triticum↗
PubMed2026

Celery seed extract attenuates sarcopenic obesity and age-related sarcopenia by reducing intramuscular lipid accumulation in mice.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Sarcopenia is characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and function and is increasingly recognized to be influenced by metabolic disturbances associated with aging and obesity. Intramuscular lipid accumulation has emerged as a key pathological feature linking metabolic dysfunction to skeletal muscle deterioration. Celery seed extract (CSE) possesses anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties; however, its potential role in skeletal muscle metabolism has not been well investigated. This study aimed to determine whether CSE attenuates skeletal muscle deterioration associated with obesity and aging through modulation of intramuscular lipid accumulation and related metabolic pathways. METHODS: Diet-induced obese mice and naturally aged mice were used to evaluate the effects of CSE supplementation. Skeletal muscle mass, grip strength, muscle morphology, intramuscular lipid content, mitochondrial metabolic signaling, inflammatory responses, and muscle protein turnover pathways were assessed using biochemical, molecular, and histological analyses. RESULTS: CSE supplementation significantly improved skeletal muscle mass, grip strength, and muscle fiber cross-sectional area in both obese and aged mice. These improvements were accompanied by reduced intramuscular triglyceride and cholesterol accumulation. Mechanistically, CSE improved mitochondrial metabolic signaling by activating the AMPK-PGC-1α pathway and increasing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation proteins. In addition, CSE suppressed inflammatory signaling pathways, including MAPK activation and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, and improved muscle proteostasis by enhancing myogenic regulators while reducing the expression of proteolytic factors such as MuRF1, Atrogin-1, and myostatin. Correlation analyses further indicated that intramuscular lipid accumulation was closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory activation, and muscle atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that CSE alleviates skeletal muscle deterioration in both obesity- and aging-associated sarcopenia by reducing intramuscular lipid accumulation and improving mitochondrial metabolism, inflammatory responses, and muscle protein turnover. Targeting intramuscular lipid accumulation may therefore represent a promising nutritional strategy for preventing sarcopenia associated with metabolic and aging-related stress.

AMPK–PGC-1α↗
PubMed1978

Spinal intramedullary glioblastoma with intracranial seeding. Report of a case.

Approximately one year after partial removal of an intramedullary glioblastoma at T12, a patient was admitted to Wadsworth Veterans Administration Hospital with signs and symptoms of an intracranial tumor. We describe the unusual occurrence of intracranial seeding from spinal glioblastoma and review this rare condition and the possible mechanism involved.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Heterotopic bone formation in upper midline abdominal incisions.

Five cases of heterotopic bone formation in upper abdominal incisions within one year are presented. The patients were male, with a mean age of 52 years. The bone formation was diagnosed by palpation and X-ray and in 3 cases verified by operation and histology. The condition is said to be very rare.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Renal cancer embolization with isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate. Experimental study and first clinical applications (author's transl)].

Isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate (IBC) is an acrylic monomer which quickly polymerizes in contact with blood. It has been rarely used as an embolic material and never in embolization of renal cancer. The authors report their experience on the use of this substance as embolic material, based on an experimental study in the rat and on two human cases of renal cancer, where a preoperative transcatheter embolization was performed. IBC revealed as a substance which can produce a very efficient and lasting embolization. No complications were observed.

Aged↗
PubMed2026

Eastern origin and three-millennia persistence of a founding grapevine lineage in Iberian viticulture.

Viticulture became central to most Mediterranean civilizations a few millennia after the grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) was domesticated in the South Caucasus/Near East. To elucidate the origins of the grapevines that enabled this westward spread over the past 3,000 years, we analyzed 28 grapevine seeds from seven archaeological sites in the Iberian Peninsula and Sardinia. Ancient DNA recovered from the oldest seeds with domesticated-like morphology (from ∼1,000 BCE), found in southwestern Spain, revealed nuclear and chloroplast genome signatures of Eastern Mediterranean cultivars. Seeds from the same and later Iron Age Iberian sites, however, showed genomic signatures suggesting hybridization between local wild grapevines and eastern-origin cultivars. The genetic makeup of Sardinian and northeastern Spanish seeds supports that local diversification giving rise to the Central European and Iberian wine genetic lineages had already occurred in the early Iron Age. In Iberia, Roman-period seeds were first-degree related to both the earliest eastern-introduced domesticates and a Medieval seed whose genetic makeup matches the extant Iberian variety "Pasa Valenciana." Another Medieval seed was inferred as an offspring of the extant "Heben," indicating that this major founder of Iberian germplasm has been continuously propagated for over 1,100 years. Our results confirm previous evolutionary models indicating that Western Mediterranean viticulture began with introductions of eastern domesticated grapevines, followed by early hybridization with local Iberian wild grapevines that may have facilitated viticulture adaptation to the new environment. The aDNA unveils that these introductions gave rise to extant cultivars through only a few sexual generations and long-term reliance on clonal propagation.

Iberian Peninsula↗
PubMed2025

The rice heat shock transcription factor OsHSFC1b increases seed weight, size, and vigor, but its function is disrupted by isoaspartyl modification.

Plant optimizes seed size, weight, vigor, and various other features during seed development, which are important not only for their successful propagation and establishment but also for effective agriculture. Despite several studies conducted, understanding how plants coordinate the regulatory mechanisms to achieve optimal seed size, weight, and vigor remains elusive. Here, our study reveals the role of rice heat shock transcription factor OsHSFC1b in modulating various seed attributes. We observe that OsHSFC1b expression increases during the later stage of seed development and is primarily localized in the embryo. We found that hsfc1b genome-edited lines exhibit compromised seed size, weight, and vigor, while overexpression lines exhibit increased seed size, weight, and vigor compared with the wild-type seeds. Our study further reveals that OsHSFC1b improves seed vigor by activating HSPs and RFO biosynthetic genes involved in protection mechanisms, while also mediating seed size and weight by modulating auxin biosynthesis, endosperm development, and seed filling. We found that upon ageing and stressful environments, OsHSFC1b undergoes isoaspartyl modification that negatively impacts its biological function in seeds. Our MS/MS analyses confirm that asparagine residues near the DNA-binding domain and nuclear localization sequence of OsHSFC1b undergo isoaspartyl modification that adversely affects OsHSFC1b's transactivation activity. However, PROTEIN L-ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE interacts and repairs this isoaspartate-mediated damage, and restores the function of OsHSFC1b. Taken together, our study uncovers how isoaspartyl modification affects the transactivation ability of OsHSFC1b, yet the intervention of PIMT not only repairs this damage but also elevates agronomically important seed traits.

Oryza↗
PubMed1979

Development, reactivity and GFA immunofluorescence of astroglia-containing monolayer cultures from rat cerebrum.

This report describes detailed protocols for the dissociation, seeding and growth in vitro of monolayer cultures derived from neonatal rat cerebrum. Primary cultures derived by using different seeding densities and in vitro ages were examined qualitatively and quantitatively for morphological composition in terms of two major cell classes (flat cells and process-bearing cells) and for the presence within these classes of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA) as detected by immunofluorescence histochemistry. Also examined was the reaction of the cells to serum withdrawal plus the administration of dibutyryl cyclic AMP in terms of the conversion of flat cells into process-bearing cells. Conditions are defined for the generation of in vitro cell populations, more than 90% of which are GFA-containing flat cells which can all be experimentally converted into cells with processes. These well-defined culture preparations will serve as useful models for future studies of astroglial behaviour.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Study of arteriosclerosis in different geographical zones of the Soviet Union. 3. Fatty acid composition of blood serum lipid fractions in Tashkent population].

The composition of fatty acids in triglycerides and cholesterol ethers of blood serum was studied in 90 normal males, Russians and Uzbeks, aged 20 to 50 years, living in the city of Tashkent. The peculiarity of the tryglycerides fraction in indigenous Tashkent inhabitants consists in a high content of linoleic acid. (24.8%). This is attributed to the peculiarities of nutrition of the indigenous Uzbekistan population--a consumption of great amounts of cotton-seed oil rich in linoleic acid. With the growing age, the content of the linoleic acid in the cholesterol ethers decreases, and the portion of palmitic and oleic acids growing. Among indigenous. Tashkent residents, aged 20-29 years, the relative content of the linoleic acid in the cholesterol ether fraction is higher than among the non-indigenous residents of the same age-group.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

Spinal subarachnoid metastasis from primary intracranial glioblastoma multiforme.

Twenty-five patients with glioblastoma multiforme were autopsied at our institution in 7 years. Spinal cords were examined in 20 and 5 were found to have spinal leptomeningeal metastases. Clinical and neuropathological findings of these 5 patients are presented and factors possibility influencing such spread are analyzed. Review of previous studies of intracranial glioblastomas discloses only 14 reported cases with spinal leptomeningeal metastases confirmed at autopsy since 1931. We conclude that spinal leptomeningeal metastases in glioblastoma multiforme are a common occurrence. These findings are of little significance at present with our poor success at control of the primary lesion. Frequency of involvement of the spinal subarachnoid space will be significant, when we are able to better treat the primary tumor. Knowledge of the significant possibility of this phenomenon will allow earlier and more frequent clinical diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Wound implantation--A surgical hazard.

A review of the literature on wound implantation together with a report on an unusual case of implantation of squamous carcinoma at the site of a gastrostomy is presented.

Biopsy↗