SEARCH · Search PubMed
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
In order to objectively evaluate the efficacy and the safety of ceftriaxone (CTRX) using once daily administration of 1 g to cases of acute suppurative otitis media and acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media, a group comparison study by the envelope method was conducted using cefotiam (CTM) as the control drug (2 g twice daily). The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Clinical efficacies evaluated by the committee were 71% in the CTRX group and 86% in the CTM group for acute suppurative otitis media, and 63% and 60%, respectively, for chronic suppurative otitis media. When all cases were considered both groups evidenced a clinical efficacy of 64%, and no significant difference was observed between the 2 groups. 2. Clinical efficacies evaluated by the physician in charge were 65% in the CTRX group and 86% in the CTM group for acute suppurative otitis media, and 72% and 60%, respectively, for chronic suppurative otitis media. When all cases were considered efficacies were, respectively, 70% and 64%, showing no significant difference between the 2 groups. 3. Bacteriological efficacies were 88% in the CTRX group and 86% in the CTM group for acute suppurative otitis media, and 74% and 62%, respectively, for chronic suppurative otitis media. With all cases bacterial eradication rates were, respectively, 76% and 67%. Bacterial eradication rates were always higher for the CTRX group than for the CTM group, but the difference was not significant between the 2 groups. 4. Against infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus alone, CTRX showed equal clinical and bacteriological efficacies to CTM. 5. As side effects, dermatitis, vomiting, and malaise were observed in 5 cases (4%) of the CTRX group and 3 cases (3%) of the CTM group. As clinical testing abnormalities, elevations of GOT, GPT, and Al-P, and thrombocytopenia were noted only in 3 cases (5%) of the CTRX group. Furthermore, all of these abnormalities were temporary and of moderate degree or mild, thus the safety of either drug was considered high. 6. Clinical utilities were 71% in the CTRX group and 86% in the CTM group for acute suppurative otitis media, and 72% and 62%, respectively, for chronic suppurative otitis media. When all cases were included, they were 72% and 66%, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. It is concluded from the above results that CTRX is a highly useful drug with once daily administration of 1 g in the treatment of suppurative otitis media.
A double-blind controlled trial of cefroxadine (CXD) 250 mg t.i.d. was undertaken to objectively evaluate its safety and effectiveness in the treatment of acute suppurative otitis media and acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media, using cephalexin (CEX) 250 mg q.i.d. as a control drug, and the following results were obtained. In the treatment of acute suppurative otitis media, the 2 drugs produced almost equal outcomes, showing no significant difference in assessments of both overall effects and usefulness. In the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media, the 2 drugs exhibited no significant difference as well in overall effects by Wilcoxon's two-sample test. However, the CEX group had significantly more nonresponsive patients, i.e. 35.5% as compared with 9.7% of the CXD group (chi 2-test, P less than 0.05). In the assessment of clinical usefulness as well, no significant difference was observed between the 2 groups. In the assessment of overall effects based on the patients whose isolated organisms were sensitive to the drugs, CEX group had more patients not responding to the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media (chi 2-test, P less than 0.05). Bacteriological effects were not significantly different between the 2 drugs in both acute suppurative otitis media and acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media. Overall safety rating was not significantly different between the 2 drugs. Side effects occurred as the symptoms of digestive organ in 2 patients each in both groups (equally an incidence of 2.6%). As for the improvement of each symptom after treatment (assessed on day 3), CXD was superior in the improvement rate of otorrhea volume as the main symptom of acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media, while CEX was superior in that of otoobstruction feeling. From the above findings, it is presumed that CXD is a safe drug which can exhibit equal or superior therapeutic effects to CEX in the treatment of acute suppurative otitis media and acute exacerbation of chronic suppurative otitis media, at 3/4 of the CEX dose level.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The immunohistochemical findings from an investigation of suppurative granulomatous lymphadenitis (SGL) are presented. With a broad panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed against B cells, T cells, monocytes/macrophages, HLA-DR antigens, and the transferrin receptor, early, nonsuppurative granulomas were found to consist of OKM1+ OKIa1+ OKT9+ epithelioid histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells, admixed with variable numbers of OKT4+ Leu-3a+ helper/inducer T cells. These nonsuppurative lesions were surrounded by distinctive cuffs of BA1+ B1+ sIgM+ sIgD+ OKIa1+ lymphocytes. In contrast, suppurative granulomas were bordered by palisades of OKM1+ OKIa1+ OKT9+ epithelioid histiocytes, admixed with some OKT8+ suppressor/cytotoxic T cells. These suppurative lesions lacked distinctive cuffs of B lymphocytes, but half of the lesions were surrounded by numerous plasma cells that expressed cytoplasmic IgA and IgG. Based on these immunohistochemical findings, it is concluded that a shift in the nature of the predominant intragranulomatous T-cell subset occurs during the successive phases of the immune response in SGL. The cause of the central necrosis and suppuration may be related to the excessive numbers of intragranulomatous OKT8+ T cells or to the formation of immune complexes by the surrounding plasma cells.
A comprehensive analysis of 2,347 children with discharging ears seen between 1969 and 1972 in New Mulago Hospital, Kampala, is made. The reasons for the rare occurrence of non-suppurative otitis media are given. Finally, some suggestions are made about the aetiology of non-suppurative otitis media in the light of these findings.
The study of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients and various objects of the environment in one of the clinics of Yerevan, carried out by the methods of serotyping, pyocin typing and phage typing, has allowed the authors to establish the circulation of hospital strains and their role in the appearance of post-operative suppurative inflammatory complications in patients with chronic suppurative diseases. The study has also allowed them to reveal the sources of infection which is spread by patients serving either as its reservoirs or as intermediate hosts.
Analysis of phage therapy results was carried out on 273 cases of spontaneous and postoperative septic staphylococcal infections. The treatment appeared effective in 254 (93.0%) cases. Detailed analysis of the results obtained in particular disease categories revealed that staphylococcal bacteriophages may be efficiently applied in the treatment of suppurative staphylococcal infections resistant to antibiotics.
Advantages of the active surgical treatment are convincingly shown by the analysis of results of the treatment of 122 patients with purulent wounds and acute purulent diseases by traditional methods (opening the suppurative focus, drainage of the wound with gauze tampons) or the active surgical method (initial surgical treatment of the purulent wound or focus, drainage with a plastic tube, fractional or permanent washing of the wound) in combination with antibiotic therapy, application of enzymatic, antienzymatic and immunological agents.
During operations for acute inflammatory diseases of organs of the abdominal cavity the prophylactic treatment of the wound by ultrasound was used in 56 patients. Besides, 42 patients with purulent wounds were subjected to several sessions of the ultrasonic treatment of the wounds. Patients of the first group had no postoperative suppuration. In the second group, rapid clearance and good granulation were observed. The wounds healed quickly.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.