Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “SALMONELLA INFECTIONS, ANIMAL”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Control of Salmonella infections in animals and prevention of human foodborne Salmonella infections. WHO Consultation.

In many countries the incidence of human salmonella infections has markedly increased in recent years. To discuss recent developments and current understanding on the control of salmonella infections in animals, WHO organized a Consultation on the Control of Salmonella Infections in Animals: Prevention of Foodborne Salmonella Infections in Humans, held in Jena, Germany, on 21-26 November 1993. The present article summarizes the recommendations made by the participants on the pathoimmunogenesis, diagnosis, epidemiology, and control of salmonella infections and contaminations in animal production.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Plasmid profile analysis in epidemiological studies of animal Salmonella typhimurium infection in Japan.

Plasmid profiles were investigated in 65 isolates of Salmonella typhimurium derived from animal outbreaks during the period of 1978 through 1983 in Japan. Incidence of plasmids, drug-resistance, and conjugative R plasmids were extraordinarily high in these isolates. This high incidence reflects the prophylactic and therapeutic use of antibiotics. Most isolates from diseased animals, cohabiting animals, and each farm showed the same or similar plasmid patterns. However, there was a difference in plasmid patterns within strains isolated from each of several animals. It may be that one or two plasmids were introduced or deleted in these strains, leading to the difference discerned in strains isolated from the same animal. It was also shown that during one epidemic, two strains of S. typhimurium were involved that could be distinguished by plasmid profile analysis. Our conclusion is that when S. typhimurium strains isolated from animals reared in limited areas exhibit identical or similar plasmid patterns, they are derived from the same source and that when strains isolated in a limited area exhibit quite a different plasmid pattern, these strains are derived from independent sources.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Associations between human and farm animal infections with Salmonella typhimurium DT104 in Herefordshire.

Reports of human infection with Salmonella typhimurium definitive type (DT) 104 have generated considerable interest. We undertook a descriptive study of infections with S. typhimurium DT 104 infection in humans and farm animals in Herefordshire between 1991 and 1993. Laboratory reports of human salmonellosis, sent to the consultant in communicable disease control, were compared with cases identified using Statutory Incident Reports of salmonella in animals, birds and their products, received from the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. Six separate associations of infection between farming families and their livestock were identified. Nine out of 23 human cases, including three family outbreaks, were associated with animal infection. This study suggests that occupationally acquired infection in farmers and their families may be contributing to the national increase in cases, and shows the value of drawing together data from human and animal sources for the surveillance, investigation, and control of human infection with S. typhimurium DT104.

Agricultural Workers' Diseases↗
PubMed1993

[Control of salmonella infections in animal herds--basis for a reduction of salmonella entries into food].

Control measures against Salmonella infections in livestock are discussed on the basis of an epidemiological classification of Salmonella serovars important for animals and/or humans. Special attention is paid to immunoprophylaxis carried out additionally to generally accepted zoo sanitary measures. Available Salmonella vaccines are described and their major characteristics discussed briefly. Schemes are presented for the administration of vaccines in cattle, pigs and poultry. They have to be rationally integrated into general control concepts. They should serve as recommendations for the practical use in animal farms. It is concluded that given consequent combination and enforcement of the described measures the occurrence of Salmonella serovars important for animals and/or humans can be reduced decisively in livestock, thus minimizing introduction into the food chain for the sake of improved consumer protection.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Genetic resistance to Salmonella infection in domestic animals.

Genetic resistance to Salmonella infection in experimental animal models is well described. However, genetic resistance in domestic animals, which has potentially great value in terms of controlling Salmonella in the food chain, has been relatively poorly described. Recent advances in genetics and immunology have identified several factors that influence resistance in chickens and pigs in particular. Resistance to systemic salmonellosis in the chicken is encoded by a number of factors including Nramp1 (now termed Slc11a1) and a novel gene, SAL1 that leads to increased macrophage activity against Salmonella. Studies in outbred, and in particular, inbred chickens have revealed considerable differences in levels of colonization of the gastrointestinal tract and responses to vaccination. Factors influencing this appear to include innate immune function, MHC and Nramp. In pigs several immune factors, including polymorphonuclear cell activity, have been shown to influence resistance.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Incidence of salmonella infection in animals in England and Wales 1968--1974.

Of a total of 23,609 incidents of salmonella infection reported during the period 1968--74, 20,326 occurred in cattle, 1744 in poultry and other birds, 675 in sheep, 558 in pigs and 306 in other species of animals. Despite the large number of serotypes isolated (153), 88% of incidents were due to only two stereotypes: S. dublin (15,929 incidents of which 15,446 occurred in cattle ) and S. typhimurium (4842 incidents of which 3785 occurred in cattle and 732 in birds). S. choleraesuis was the third (314 incidents which with only 5 exceptions occurred in pigs) and S. abortusovis (243 incidents all in sheep) was the fourth most commonly isolated serotype. The following six serotypes were each recorded in more than 100 incidents: S. newport (177), S. agona (170), S. virchow (169), S. anatum (152), S. enteritidis (150) and S. montevideo (111). The other 143 serotypes accounted for only 5-8% of total incidents. The trends of annual incidence of salmonella infection in cattle, sheep, pigs, poultry and other birds during the 17-year period 1958-74 and the distribution of the main serotypes in the individual species of animals from 1968 to 1974 are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Animal models of Salmonella infections: enteritis versus typhoid fever.

The most common disease syndromes caused by Salmonella serotypes in humans, typhoid fever and enteritis, can be modeled using Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium infections in mice and calves, respectively. This article reviews murine typhoid and bovine enteritis and discusses strengths, limitations and distinctive features of these animal models.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Zoonoses and other findings in hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus): a survey of mortality and review of the literature.

A survey of mortality in hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) was carried out between July 1976 and November 1986. Most were from Norfolk. Of the 74 examined, 35 (47.3 per cent) were road casualties, one of which yielded Salmonella typhimurium phage type (PT) 104. Of the remaining 39, 13 (33.3 per cent) had salmonellosis due to S enteritidis PT 11. This organism, which appears to be common and widespread in hedgehogs in England was found in 10 separate incidents. The only other zoonosis was ringworm (Trichophyton erinacei infection). Other findings included ectoparasitic infestations with mange mites (Caparinia tripilis), fleas (Archaeopsylla erinacei) and ticks (Ixodes hexagonus). Helminths comprised Crenosoma striatum lungworms (associated with Bordetella bronchiseptica infection in one animal), intestinal nematodes (Capillaria species), cestodes (Rodentolepis erinacei), trematodes (Brachylaemus erinacei) and acanthocephalans (Prosthoryhnchus species). Metaldehyde poisoning was diagnosed in three animals. Over a 10 year period 370 carcases were counted on a stretch of 18 miles of road in Norfolk. The major causes of mortality are probably road casualties and hypothermia during the winter months. In December 1988 S enteritidis PT 11 was isolated from three of four carcases examined in Berkshire and the zoonosis pseudotuberculosis (Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection) was diagnosed in two of them.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Influence of antibiotic-supplemented feed on occurrence and persistence of Salmonella typhimurium in experimentally infected swine.

The effect of chlortetracycline given at a concentration of 220.5 g/metric ton of feed and of a combination product which supplies chlortetracycline (110.2 g/metric ton), sulfamethazine (110.2 g/metric ton), and penicilin G (55.1 g/metric ton) on the occurrence and persistence of Salmonella typhimurium in experimentally infected swine was studied. Weanling pigs (av weight, 8.2 kg) were inoculated via the feed with 10(11) colony-forming units of S typhimurium 298-1NA. An equal number of nonexposed swine given identical treatment were used as controls. Infected pigs had increased temperatures (maximal av, 41 C) for the first 4 days after infection and severe diarrhea during the first 21 days. The use of chlortetracycline and a combination product at subtherapeutic concentrations in feed did not increase the Salmonella pool or prolong the carrier state in swine. A decrease in number of Salmonella shed from swine given chlortetracycline at the concentration of 220.5 g/metric ton was observed. Significant differences did not occur in Salmonella-related deaths or in emergence of multiple antibiotic-resistant Salmonella by antibiotic selection or R factor transfer. Zoonotic transmission of the infecting Salmonella to animal caretakers was not detected.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Salmonellae in sewage sludge and abattoir effluent in south-east Scotland.

A survey into the prevalence of salmonella organisms in sewage in the Borders Region of South-east Scotland is described. A total of 317 isolates representing 34 different serotypes were made, of which only 5 serotypes appeared in animals, supporting the view that the spreading of sewage sludge on to pastureland presents little risk to livestock provided the recommended guidelines are followed. Nevertheless, Salmonella typhimurium phage type 12, identified in sewage, was also recovered from animals in incidents on 11 farms, including 4 which had received sludge from this source. A further 48 isolates (13 serotypes) were obtained from the parallel monitoring of abattoir effluents, indicating that the background level of salmonella infection in the animal population appears to be low in comparison to that in humans.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1994

Transmission of Salmonella typhimurium to swine.

These studies were designed to determine the rate of transmission and the colonization pattern of Salmonella typhimurium in swine. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, swine challenged per os with either S. typhimurium strain 798T + or strain 798N + were exposed to heterologous feces. Following exposure to heterologous strains, heterologous Salmonella were recovered from the feces of infected swine within 3 days and from the tonsil and ileum at necropsy. Bacterial populations in swine initially challenged with Salmonella remained constant. In experiment 2, Salmonella-free swine were commingled with a population of pigs that were shedding 2.69 log10 CFU Salmonella/gram feces. Salmonella was recovered from pooled fecal samples from the commingled swine on day 2 post-exposure to the infected group. Low numbers of Salmonella were detected in the ileocolic lymph node, ileum, cecum or spleen of all commingled swine throughout the necropsy period. These data provide a means for evaluating transmission of Salmonella to a population of swine which may be used to study the mechanisms involved in transmission and maintenance of the disease.

Animals↗