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Results for “Rupture, Spontaneous”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Spontaneous rupture of renal allografts (author's transl)].

Spontaneous rupture of an allografted kidney is not such a rare complication of kidney transplantation. In our series 5.2% of the transplanted kidneys ruptured spontaneously. The condition is an acute emergency characterized by the triad, acute abdomen, swelling in the region of the transplant and haemorrhagic shock. The aetiology of transplant rupture seems to be multifactorial, but the superimposition of an acute rejection episode on ischaemic tubular damage with acute renal failure was found to be the most important combination of events leading to transplant rupture in our patients. Exceptionally precise immunological monitoring in the early phases following transplantation and early aggressive therapy of an acute rejection crisis associated with acute renal failure should prevent allograft rupture.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1978

Splenic infarction and spontaneous rupture of the spleen after therapeutic embolization.

Patients with major hematologic disorders who have hypersplenism and alterations in their immune mechanism are subject to a higher incidence of bacteremia after embolization procedures. In certain instances, these infectious complications can be fatal. Medical splenectomy for hematologic disorders is sometimes complicated by massive splenic infarction and spontaneous rupture; spontaneous rupture appears to be a function of both infarct size and underlying infectious complications. Prophylactic measures can be employed to avoid these complications after interventional splenic embolization.

Abscess↗
PubMed1978

Spontaneous rupture of tendons. A complication of hemodialyzed patients treated for renal failure.

Rupture of ten major tendons occurred in 7 out of a total of 50 renal patients treated by chronic hemodialysis, in two renal units. The rupture occurred spontaneously without any special strain. Rupture was complete in five tendons and imcomplete in the other five. In 2 cases, rupture occurred simultaneously in both quadriceps tendons. In 1 case a single quadriceps and a triceps brachii tendon were affected together. In 3 cases one quadriceps tendon was affected and in the last case, one triceps brachii tendon alone was ruptured. All the patients suffered from long-standing renal disease with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism. We are anable to explain the high incidence (15%) of this complication in our area. No local factors were found in our study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Spontaneous rupture of the esophagus.

Spontaneous rupture of the esophagus remains a medical and surgical challenge. Its diagnosis is often missed or delayed resulting in increased morbidity and mortality, and controversy exists as to the mode of therapy for the cases seen later than 12 hours after rupture. During the last seven years, nine patients were treated at Grady Memorial Hospital. Four patients, "early group," were operated upon within 12 hours from the onset of their symptoms and five, "late group," were operated upon between 20-76 hours (average 41) after rupture. All four patients in the "early group" had primary repair of the rupture and two had, in addition, fundoplication. From the two patients with primary repair alone, one developed postoperative leakage at the esophageal suture line, which closed spontaneously; whereas, in the two patients with fundoplication, no leakage occurred. Three of the four patients recovered and one died from renal failure, gastrointestinal bleeding, and gastric perforation. In the "late group" one patient had T-tube drainage of the esophagus and died. Two had primary repair alone with one death and the other two had primary repair with fundoplication 20 and 76 hours postrupture and both recovered. The two deaths in the "late group" were due to leakage at the site of the rupture. This study suggests that even in patients diagnosed late as having rupture of the esophagus, primary repair can be implemented with reasonable success. Good mediastinal, pleural and gastric drainage, high levels of appropriate antibiotics, and provision of good nourishment are of paramount importance for the successful management of these desperately ill patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

An acute abdomen: spontaneous rupture of liver during pregnancy.

Spontaneous rupture of liver during pregnancy is presented as an example of an acute abdomen admitted to a casualty department of a general hospital. The literature is reviewed and emphasis is placed on clinical awareness and earlier diagnosis as a means to reduce the high mortality.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1977

Postpartum spontaneous rupture of ovarian artery aneurysm.

A case of spontaneous rupture of a right ovarian artery aneurysm after delivery is presented. Search of the literature revealed 3 similar cases of spontaneous rupture during early peurperium and 1 case of spontaneous rupture of an ovarian artery on the third postpartum day with no abnormal findings of the vessel at the site of rupture.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Spontaneous rupture of the abdominal aorta.

Fatal spontaneous rupture of the lower abdominal aorta in a previously healthy 61-year-old woman is reported; the possibility that she had the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is discussed.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1978

Spontaneous rupture of a uterine vein during labor.

Spontaneous rupture of a utero-ovarian vein during pregnancy is a serious complication that is likely to be misdiagnosed because of its rarity. In this report, a 23-year-old multiparous woman, 39 weeks pregnant, with a history of a previous salpingo-oophorectomy, had symptoms suggestive of a massive intraperitoneal hemorrhage. At exploratory laparotomy she was found to have a torn uterine varix. A 5 lb boy was delivered by cesarean section. Mother and son survived.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Spontaneous rupture of the spleen during anticoagulant therapy].

Three cases of spontaneous rupture of the spleen in patients which were on long-term anticoagulant therapy are reported. In patients with the trias faulty coagulation, signs of hemorrhagic shock and of peritonitis in the upper abdominal part the possibility of a spontaneous rupture of the spleen must be considered. The diagnosis can then be confirmed by a positive peritoneal lavage. Once the diagnosis is made, the therapy is splenectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Spontaneous rupture of the kidney.

Two cases of spontaneous rupture of the kidney have been presented where no underlying disease process could be identified. In one, evacuation and drainage of the haematoma alone affected a cure. It is suggested that operation is practically always necessary to solve the clinical problem. The proper treatment seems to be nephrectomy or evacuation and drainage of the haematoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Spontaneous rupture of the liver.

Four cases of spontaneous rupture of the liver are reported. In all these cases, pathological processes in the liver caused the rupture, i.e. primary hepatoma in 3 cases and a benign angiomatous tumour in one case. In one case, the diagnosis was not established until autopsy and in 3 cases at operation. In one of these latter cases, however, the bleeding source was not found until at a secondary surgical exploration. In none of the patients was the diagnosis suspected preoperatively. Four-quadrant puncture is highly recommended even in patients with only a slight suspicion of intra-abdominal hemorrhage. In cases with a ruptured solitary primary liver tumour, an acute liver resection might be performed. If there are multiple tumours--primary or secondary--simple hemostasis seems to be the treatment of choice. In patients with intra-abdominal hemorrhage, thorough palpation of the whole liver is an obligatory manovre during surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Conservative surgery of spontaneous rupture of renal grafts].

17 cases of spontaneous rupture of renal allografts were noted after 285 renal transplantations performed during the years 1967-1978. All ruptures occurred within the first two weeks after transplantation. Acute rejection, combined with hypertension, dialysis and/or anticoagulation seem to be the main etiological factors of graft rupture. Due to severe hemorrhage surgical exploration had to be performed in 15 patients. While removal of the graft was necessary in 4 patients the kidney could be preserved by tamponade and suture in 11 patients. 5 patients later lost their graft, due to chronic rejection, while 8 patients (6 of the 15 patients who needed surgical exploration) currently have satisfactory graft function.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1977

Pathological changes in spontaneous rupture of chordae tendineae.

Eight patients with spontaneous rupture of mitral chordae tendineae have been studied. In no case was there a predisposing cause. Seven showed pathological fibrosis of the papillary muscle relevant to the ruptured chordae. It is postulated that papillary msucle dysfunction secondary to fibrosis may cause stretching of chordae and subsequent rupture. Five patients had mucoid degeneration of their mitral valves. Mucoid change appeared to develop only when the clinical history indicated a lengthy period of valvular dysfunction.

Aged↗