SEARCH · Search PubMed
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Rorschach's justifications for the use of symmetry in his inkblots are evaluated in the light of recent empirical research concerning the perception of symmetry. The role of symmetry in response facilitation, in the production of whole and movement responses, in the creation of similar conditions for left- and right-handers, and as a response determinant, is discussed and re-evaluated.
Diagnostic concordance among Rorschach Test, clinical approach and DSM-III-R criteria for BPD is studied in an inpatient sample. A low degree of concordance among the three diagnostic systems was found. Two among 8 DSM-III-R criteria (physically self-damaging acts, and unstable-intense relationships) were the most discriminating symptoms for diagnosing BPD. The importance of considering the diagnostic efficiency of each DSM-III-R criterion is discussed. The most frequent concurrent diagnosis along with BPD were: Affective, and psychotic disorders. Their relationship is analyzed.
A comparison of three Rorschach protocols of a multiple personality case was presented. Basic features of the personality structures were examined with respect to the psychogram profiles. The evolution of the original personality into the successive ones was assessed both in terms of inter- and intra-protocol variations and thematic analysis. The implications of the Rorschach test findings for the treatment and theory of multiple personality syndrome were discussed.
37 patients (21 men, 26 women) during treatment for schizophrenia were studied with Rorschach test, BPRS and Hamilton Depression Scale. In 12 patients Rorschach test results were not interpreted because of scant answers--these patients manifested more psychopathology, especially depressive and defective symptoms. In 25 patients, in whom the interrelationships between the applied tests were studied, the results indicated that the intensity of psychopathologic symptoms showed positive correlation with the analytically-scrupulous thinking; the intensity of productive symptoms correlated with the interests in other people. The finding was more pronounced among the male patients which may suggest some dependency of schizophrenic thought disorder on patients sex. The intensity of depressive symptoms measured by Hamilton Scale showed positive correlation with the index of thinking correctness but negative correlation with impoverishment of internal and external activity. The results suggest that depressive symptoms in the course of schizophrenia may significantly influence Rorschach test results.
Hemodynamic parameters and the Rorschach test were performed on 48 borderline and 64 sustained essential hypertensive patients, and compared with 33 normal subjects. Hemodynamic patterns suggested (1) in borderline hypertensives, a neurogenic hypertension, and (2) in sustained hypertensives, a volume- and renal-mediated hypertension. Repeat hemodynamic determinations were performed on 35 borderline hypertensives after a 47 +/- 3-month follow-up survey. The results confirmed that, in the same patient, hypertension was successively neurogenic and volume-mediated. The results of the Rorschach test in the overall hypertensive population pointed to an incapacity to form a structured neurosis because of the lack of a fantasy life, and an inadequacy of the mechanisms of repression of aggressive tendencies. These observations were more marked in sustained hypertensives. In borderline hypertensives, the lack of fantasy life, assessed from kinesthetic perceptions, was highly significant (p less than 0.01) and was associated with anxiety and functional symptoms suggesting an increased lability of the autonomic nervous system. In sustained hypertensives, however, there was an inability to express anxiety in a symbolic fashion (p less than 0.01). These differences in psychological findings between borderline and sustained hypertensives agree with the difference in hemodynamic patterns. The results suggest that sustained hypertensives have a predominantly somatic issue in place of the psychological conflicts observed in borderline hypertensives.
A review of studies in which the Rorschach Test was administered to alcoholics, and of studies of the effects of experimental intoxication upon Rorschach performances, reveals recurrent attempts to elucidate alcoholic "signs" and characteristic alcoholic perceptual style.
"Profile" ou "silhouette" responses are rarely given at the Rorschach-test (4,87% of our 780 adults and minors; i.e. 7,17% for the adults and 2,56% for the minors). In 82% of our adults and in 50% of our minors, they are indicators of avoiding neurotic behaviour; in 18% of our adults and in 50% of our minors, we are dealing with contact difficulties or insufficiency complexes. These responses are generally unique in each Rorschach test. However 42% of our adults and 30% of our minors gave more than one of them. The VIIth plate holds the first place as a "stimulus" for "profile" or "silhouette" responses (46,22% of the adults and 40% of the minors). The other Rorschach-plates are, in a decreasing order: III, II, I, V and VI for the adults and VII, I, II, and IX for the minors. These responses suggested by the interpretation of the free border of the plates, are De-responses; when human beings are seen as wholes the Rorschach symbol will be G; if only their heads are perceived, it will be: D.
The appearance of depressive features, as reflected by responses to the Rorschach test, were explored in two groups of children from divorced and nondivorced families (referred to here as divorce and nondivorce children). The relationships between the depression scores and the children's hostility, aggression, and anxiety levels were also studied. The Rorschach Inkblot Test was individually administered to a nonclinical sample of 108 Swedish school children between 10 and 12 years old. The subjects constituted two groups, a divorce group (27 girls, 27 boys) and a nondivorce group (27 girls, 27 boys). Divorce children scored significantly higher on Exner's (1986) Depression Index than their nondivorce peers. Furthermore, divorce children with depressive features in their Rorschach responses were found to have a high level of hostility and aggression (as manifested in their Rorschach protocols), whereas no such associations were found among nondivorce children.
The authors have repeated, on the average 29.7 years later, Rorschach test in 11 schizophrenic men and 19 schizophrenic women. This work was carried out in the course of a follow-up study of schizophrenics more than 65 years of age. Analysis of the records showed that the only differences between the first and second examinations were increases in animal and popular responses in old age. The authors have tried to relate these findings to the general trends of schizophrenic development in senescence.
The authors have studied in Rorschach's test the syntaxic structures of fifty neurotics subjects and fifty psychotics subjects. They have particulary remarked that phrases determinated by situation of test are more frequent in neurotic protocols than psychotic protocols. They note also the importance of verb with detriment of nominal syntagm for the latter.
Twenty-eight patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis for renal failure and seven patients suffering from chronic uremia, but not on dialysis programs were submitted to the Rorschach test. The patients who were undergoing haemodialysis for less than one year showed higher signs of anxiety (shock and Hd responses); on the other hand patients undergoing the treatment for more than 5 years showed a generally worse quality response to the test. This bad performance was interpreted either as a sign of organic brain damage or as a worse cooperation in the test procedure.
The subjects were 108 Swedish children between 10 and 12 years old, who constituted a divorce and a non-divorce group of 27 girls and 27 boys each. Rorschach Tests were administered individually and human movement responses were analysed. Non-divorce children perceived more cooperative and fewer hostile interactions than the divorce children. Responses containing figures engaged in hostile interaction were most common among divorce girls, whereas the divorce boys had difficulties in perceiving any interaction whatsoever. The different effect of parental divorce on the ability of girls and boys to develop satisfactory social relationships is discussed.
The intention of this report has been to proof the pattern of psychosomatic aspects in Psoriasis vulgaris, as it was developed by Vogel. The method used was the psychoanalytic interpretation of the Rorschach-Test. First this method is described. Important test-results are reported and discussed in comparison with the psychosomatic aspects found by Vogel. There is some coincidence, particularly in sexualisation of intentional and oral desires, and also in the somatisation of the conflict between libidinous and aggressive impulses. Finally an example of test-setting is reported to demonstrate the method of interpretating.
According to Sami-Ali's theoretical model the psychosomatic personality is characterised by an adaptation pathology whose main elements are the repression of imaginative thought and conformity to socio-cultural standards. This study examines adaptation pathology using the Rorschach test. The Authors have formulated a conformity index by relating kinestheses (M) and banal perceptions (BAN). The study was carried out on a sample of 41 patients suffering from ulcerous rectocolitis comprising 24 males and 17 women with a mean age of 32 years. As expected in the hypothesis 97.6% of the sample showed M values below the norm, and 68.3% had Ban values higher than normal, whereas the conformity index was positive and tendentially positive in 65.9% of cases. These findings confirm Sami-Ali's theory. Subjects with ulcerous rectocolitis form part of the adaptation pathology which characterised the psychosomatic personality, with an inverse proportionality between imaginative activity (kinesthesia below normal) and conformism (banal perceptions above the norm).
Purpose of this study is an investigation about the experience on the body Self and many relevant symbolic meanings in the massive obesity before and after the surgical therapy as well as a checking of the former obese patients in order to find out if such a heavy intervention may involve a modification of the body Self Perception in comparison with the former massive obesity situation. The investigation covered a sample group of 82 patients, and 12 of them were submitted again, after one year, to the Rorschach test with relevant evaluation through the Rausch de Trauenberg Self Representation Scale. The data thus obtained were considered again in a later phase by means of a sub-group of 10 obese patients compared with two checking groups consisting of subjects suffering from addiction pathologies (alcohol and opiate dependence) by means of the same method.
A review of contradictory findings regarding Wheeler's Rorschach content signs of male homosexuality suggested that negative findings may have resulted from a focus on homosexual populations characterized by minimal arousal of underlying unconscious conflicts. It was hypothesized that activating these unconscious psychodynamics would enhance the discriminative power of the Wheeler signs. Inkblot protocols obtained in an earlier study from matched groups of homosexuals and heterosexuals under two experimental conditions -- involving subliminal exposure of either an incest-related or a neutral control stimulus -- were scored for Wheeler signs. The incest condition brought about a significantly greater incidence of the signs in homosexual records only, suggesting that the intensification of unconscious incest wishes stimulates homosexual reactions, consonant with psychoanalytic formulations.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.