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Results for “Retinal Neovascularization”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Subcutaneous injection of a cyclic peptide antagonist of vitronectin receptor-type integrins inhibits retinal neovascularization.

Retinal neovascularization is a major cause of blindness in such disorders as retinopathy of prematurity, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and senile macular degeneration. Because ligation of vitronectin receptor-type integrins appears to be required for the survival and maturation of newly formed but not quiescent blood vessels in several vascular beds including the retina, blockade of this downstream adhesion receptor system was investigated. In a mouse model of hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization twice daily administration of 1 to 20 mg cyclic alpha v-integrin antagonist peptide per kilogram of body weight reduced capillary proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion--maximum 76%--without obvious side effects. A cyclic control peptide displayed no inhibitory effect on neovascularization. These findings indicate that systemic application of vitronectin receptor antagonists appears to be clinically feasible and is efficient in preventing retinal neovascularization and superior to cytokine-blocking strategies.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1981

Arrest and regression of retinal neovascularization.

Retinal neovascularization is one of many forms of new vessel formation in the eye. The chief cause is diabetic retinopathy and the severe retinal and vitreous complications can now be significantly reduced by argon laser and xenon arc coagulation. Although the natural history of proliferative retinopathy is well described, clinical details of monitoring the progress and regression have not been described. This paper describes the signs of active proliferation of arrest and regression both spontaneously and as a result of laser photocoagulation. Vitreous detachment is considered in some detail together with the factors which control the visual outcome after this significant event in the natural history of the retinopathy. The purpose of the paper is to provide a more rational approach to photocoagulation of retinal neovascularization.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗
PubMed1989

Diabetes as a risk factor for retinal neovascularization in retinal vein occlusion.

We evaluated a series of patients with retinal vein occlusive disease to determine whether diabetic patients with vein occlusions developed retinal neovascularization more frequently than did nondiabetics. Retinal neovascularization occurred in 68.8% of diabetics after central retinal vein occlusion compared with 27.8% of nondiabetics. Diabetics with branch retinal vein occlusions showed no greater likelihood for subsequent retinal neovascularization than did nondiabetics.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗
PubMed1983

Retinal neovascularization after retinal vaso-obliteration. Frequency--origin--morphology.

Retinal neovascularization (NV) was found microscopically in 76% of 74 eyes with neovascular glaucoma after retinal vaso-obliteration, and in 75% or more of eyes with any type of retinal vascular occlusive disease. Preretinal NV was encountered in 47% and prepapillary NV in 49%. Retinal arterial occlusive disease was more often an underlying condition (81%) than retinal venous occlusive disease (49%). Morphological stages of retinal NV in adults are (1) insudation and/or transudation of vessel walls (100%) with endothelial proliferation (97%) and (2) capillary formation (76%). The latter takes place via intramural capillaries (31%) and endothelial plexuses (24%), and from pre-existent capillaries. New capillaries arise from arterioles, venules and capillaries. Hyalinization can be found in any retinal vessel type. Retinal NV is primarily induced by retinal hypoxia.

Glaucoma↗
PubMed1990

[Moschcowitz syndrome and retinal neovascularization with retinal detachment].

The authors examined a patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (Moschcowitz's disease). Six months after the patient was first seen with massive bilateral vascular occlusion, she presented with advanced retinal neovascularization in both eyes and traction retinal detachment in the left eye. While traction retinal detachment is a very rare sequela of this hematologic disorder, patients with Moschocowitz's disease should be carefully examined for early signs of ocular neovascularization in order to prevent loss of residual vision.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Infrequency of retinal neovascularization following central retinal vein occlusion.

Forty-eight patients with the clinical diagnosis of central retinal vein occlusion and ten surgically enulceated eyes with central retinal vein occlusion documented by histopathologic examination were studied and reviewed. Retinal neovascularization developed in only one of the ten eyes. Rubeosis iridis occurred in 14% (7) of the clinical cases and in all of the histopathologic cases. Ten eyes with neovascular glaucoma, enucleated following central retinal vein occlusion, showed absence of retinal endothelial cells. The absence of retinal capillary endothelial cells is significant in explaining the rare occurrence of retinal neovascularization following central retinal vein occlusion. However, the small number of cases may reflect a biased result. Further studies of more cases over a longer period are required to reach the final conclusion.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Infrequency of retinal neovascularization following central retinal vein occlusion attributed to endothelial death.

48 patients with central retinal vein occlusion by clinical diagnosis and 10 eyes by histopathological documentation were studied and reviewed. Only 1 eye developed retinal neovascularization. Rubeosis iridis occurs in 14% of clinical cases and all of histopathologic cases. 10 long-standing neovascular glaucoma enucleated eyes following central retinal vein occlusion show absence of retinal endothelial cells. The absence of retinal capillary endothelial cells seems to be significant in explaining the rare occurrence of retinal neovascularization following central retinal vein occlusion. However, the small number sampling may reflect a biased result. Further prospective studies with more cases and time observation are required to draw the final conclusion.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1987

Retinal neovascularization after branch retinal arterial obstruction.

We examined two eyes from two noninsulin-dependent diabetic patients that developed vitreous hemorrhage secondary to retinal neovascularization after branch retinal arterial obstruction. Although there was no ophthalmoscopic evidence of diabetic retinopathy, diabetes mellitus may have predisposed the retinas to a neovascular response, which was precipitated by the arterial obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Retinal vascular nonperfusion and retinal neovascularization as a consequence of cytomegalovirus retinitis and cryptococcal choroiditis.

BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus retinitis and cryptococcal choroiditis are opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. These infections are associated with a retinal vasculitis and vascular attenuation. METHODS: We present a case of retinal vascular nonperfusion and retinal neovascularization in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. RESULTS: Retinal vascular nonperfusion and retinal neovascularization were confirmed by fluorescein angiography. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first reported case of retinal neovascularization in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome, ocular cytomegalovirus retinitis, and cryptococcal infection.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1981

Platelet-induced retinal neovascularization in leukemia.

Retinal changes resembling those of background diabetic or hypertensive retinopathy commonly occur in leukemia, whereas retinal neovascularization is rare. When neovascularization does occur, it is usually the result of hyperviscosity caused by a greatly increased number of circulating leukocytes. A 42-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus developed chronic myelocytic leukemia and peripheral retinal neovascularization. The hyperviscosity leading to the neovascularization was probably caused by an increased number of circulating platelets.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Retinitis pigmentosa and retinal neovascularization.

Four patients with retinitis pigmentosa and either disc or peripheral retinal neovascularization with recurrent vitreous hemorrhage are described. One patient with peripheral retinal neovascularization also had rubeosis and neovascular glaucoma. The effects of relative hyperoxia on the retinal microcirculation in retinitis pigmentosa as well as intraocular inflammation may account for such changes. Laser photocoagulation appears effective in preventing vitreous hemorrhage in these patients, but systemic administration of corticosteroids did not cause the new vessels to regress.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Retinal neovascularization and ocular toxoplasmosis.

Retinal neovascularization, a rare complication of ocular toxoplasmosis, is a source of vitreous hemorrhage. We examined three patients (all women, 70, 36, and 19 years old) with inactive toxoplasmosis scars associated with occlusion of a retinal arteriole or venule passing through the scar, capillary nonperfusion, and adjacent retinal neovascularization. In two patients photocoagulation of the ischemic areas produced a cessation of hemorrhage and the disappearance of neovascularization. In the third case, the neovascular frond was avulsed from its supplying retinal arteriole without treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Role of the vitreous in retinal neovascularization evaluated by a comparison of central retinal vein occlusion and branch retinal vein occlusion].

Thirty three patients (33 eyes) with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and 80 patients (81 eyes) with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) were studied in an attempt to investigate the role of the vitreous in the formation of retinal neovascularization. All these eyes had some areas of capillary nonperfusion confirmed by fluorescein angiography and no scatter photocoagulation before the first examination. The incidence of new vessels at the optic disc (NVD) in CRVO was not significantly different from that in BRVO. However, the incidence of new vessels elsewhere (NVE) in CRVO was significantly less than that in BRVO. Follow-up vitreous examination of 36 cases while they had not developed NVD and/or NVE showed a higher incidence of posterior vitreous detachment from the mid-peripheral retina (MP-PVD) in CRVO than in BRVO. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of posterior vitreous detachment from the optic disk (D-PVD) between CRVO and BRVO. The high incidence of MP-PVD in CRVO may explain the low incidence of NVE in CRVO.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retinal neovascularization associated with acute retinal necrosis.

Unilateral acute retinal necrosis (ARN), developed in a previously healthy 17-year-old boy. Neovascularization of the retina and optic disc was observed when the opaque vitreous was removed by pars plana vitrectomy. Following surgery there was a rapid resolution of neovascularization suggesting that intraocular inflammation, rather than retinal ischemia, was the cause of new vessel formation. Analysis of vitreous mononuclear cells with monoclonal antibodies and the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) revealed mostly T cells; a pattern consistent with intraocular infection as the cause of ARN. The pathogenesis of intraocular infection is complex and some patients with ARN may be helped by systemic immunosuppression (ie, corticosteroids).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Indentation laser photocoagulation of peripheral retinal neovascularization.

The treatment of peripheral retinal neovascularization by laser photocoagulation is an accepted technique. One of its limitations is the difficulty in photocoagulating retinal neovascularization that has become even slightly elevated from the underlying pigment epithelium. The failure to close the neovascular frond and the production of a vitreous hemorrhage are the complications from the direct photocoagulation of elevated neovascularization. The currently accepted method of treating the feeding retinal arteriole and venule, although successful, requires multiple treatment sessions. The use of a scleral indentation funnel at the time of laser photocoagulation permits the direct photocoagulation of elevated neovascularization in some cases. This technique increases the number of neovascular fronds that are amenable to direct laser photocoagulation, improves the rate of success of closure of the neovascularization by photocoagulation, decreases the necessary number of treatment sessions, and decreases the risks from treatment.

Fluorescein Angiography↗
PubMed1982

A clinical perspective on retinal neovascularization research.

Past research on retinal neovascularization forms the basis for our current primary and secondary preventive approaches toward its treatment. Several obstacles will probably delay the clinical application of angiogenic or antiangiogenic factors once these factors are satisfactorily identified. In the near future, however, the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study should at least provide further insight into primary preventive efforts against the diabetic neovascular process. Overall, it appears that clinicians in the future must continue to rely on current modalities for the treatment of retinal neovascularization. Although new laser protocols or medications may be recommended, specific therapy targeted at the basic underlying mechanism of angiogenesis still seems to be in the distant future.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗