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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Cilioretinal arteries and retinal arterial occlusion.

A series of 187 cases of retinal artery occlusion was reviewed. 107 of which were central retinal artery occlusions (CRAO). Of the 107 cases, 28 (26%) showed some degree of macular sparing owing to a patent cilioretinalartery. The patients with cilioretinal sparing regained variable degrees of visual acuity, depending on the amount of the pipillomacular bundle supplied by the patent vessel. The patients with CRAO without cilioretinal sparing rarely regained any useful vision. To our knowledge, this is the first large series documenting the degree of visual return in such cases. From this data, guidelines for counseling patients with CRAO with cilioretinal sparing are presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Preretinal arterial loops and retinal arterial occlusion.

A 19-year-old man had bilateral congenital preretinal arterial loops emerging from the optic disk into the vitreous cavity. The loop in the right eye was associated with an inferior papillary arterial occlusion. Extensive examination to determine a systemic cause of the occlusion was negative; twisting or kinking of the loop may have had a role. The major arterial blood supply in each eye was cilioretinal in origin and in the left eye, the inferior preretinal arterial loop supplied blood to both the retina and the choroid. In three previous cases and our case of preretinal arterial loops associated with branch retinal arterial occlusion, none had emboli or associated systemic factors. All involved solely arterial supply to the inferior retina. The ages of three of the four patients ranged from 19 to 22 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Cilio-retinal arterial circulation in central retinal vein occlusion.

The hypothesis that an occlusion of the central retinal artery is an essential prerequisite for haemorrhage formation after central retinal vein obstruction has been investigated by examining the fundus changes in patients with a cilio-retinal arterial circulation; the findings are at variance with the 'combined occlusion hypothesis'. Comparisons were made between the pathological features in two retinal capillary beds with independent sources of arterial supply--namely, the central retinal and cilio-retinal arteries--but with an obstructed venous drainage channel common to both--namely, the central retinal vein. The importance of intraluminal pressure changes (as distinct from perfusion changes) in the causation of haemorrhages and oedema after venous occlusion is stressed, and the role of arterial disease in the pathogenesis of venous occlusions is distinguished from its role in determining the sequelae of such occlusions.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Central retinal artery spasm.

Central retinal artery spasm, a seldom witnessed ocular sign, has been recognized in one eye of a patient complaining of transient monocular blindness. Removal of an ulcerative atheromatous plaque of the carotid artery on the same side as the eye with central retinal artery spasm resulted in complete disappearance of symptoms. No other signs of ocular pathology were noted in addition to the central retinal artery spasm. Central retinal artery spasm occurring in both eyes simultaneously may be the mechanism explaining the visual loss of amaurosis fugax. Physiologic mechanisms associating brief episodes of monocular blindness and carotid artery obstructive disease with atherosclerosis are discussed. The possibility of central retinal artery spasm initiating occlusion of the same vessel is mentioned.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of acute central retinal artery occlusion.

Central retinal artery occlusion very often leads to irreversible visual loss and seldom responds to treatment. Retrograde cannulation of the supraorbital artery followed by irrigation with anticoagulants and vasodilators may be of value in the early management of this problem. A case in point is described.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Central retinal artery occlusion.

Central retinal artery occlusion is characterized by sudden, painless visual loss due to blockage of retinal blood flow. It has been reported in all age groups including children but is most frequent in the sixth decade. Both thrombosis and embolism have been suggested as possible mechanisms. The emergency treatment includes intravenous acetazolamide, digital ocular massage, and inhalation of 5% carbon dioxide -- 95% oxygen for ten minutes. Following emergency treatment, immediate ophthalmologic referral and consultation is required. Comprehensive medical evaluation should be initiated to exclude systemic vascular disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

A histopathologic study of retinal arterial aneurysms.

An isolated retinal arterial aneurysm was found postmortem in the eye of a 75-year-old hypertensive woman, and multiple aneurysms were in the enucleated eye of a 68-year-old hypertensive man with neovascular glaucoma. The aneurysmal sites showed thickening of the vessel walls with hyaline, fibrin, and foamy macrophages. Fresh or organized thrombus partially filled the aneurysmal lumina. Trypsin digestion preparations in Case 2 showed a progressive severity of aneurysmal changes from the simplest "cuff" type to the hemorrhagic "b;pwout" aneurysms with a linear split in the vessel wall. Atheroma was present in the larger arterial branches and fat was in most of the aneurysmal walls. These findings suggested that damage to the arterial wall by cholesterol or other emboli, or by occlusive disease, may predispose especially hypertensive patients to arterial aneurysm formation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spiral looping of retinal artery.

An isolated retinal vascular anomaly in the form of an arterial loop is presented in a 32-year-old male. This loop originated on the retina beyond the optic disc border and returned to the lower branch of the central artery on the retinal tissue after making six spirals. The retinal circulatory dynamics of this eye, defined by fluorescein angiography, was observed over a period of 12 years with no loss of function to the involved eye.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Hemorrhage from isolated aneurysm of a retinal artery: report of two cases simulating malignant melanoma.

Isolated retinal arterial aneurysms or macroaneurysms of the retinal arteries may be the cause of hemorrhage in the retina or vitreous. Two cases are reported in which hemorrhages from isolated retinal arterial aneurysms clinically simulated malignant melanoma of the choroid. Previous studies of lesions simulating malignant melanoma of the uvea have shown that vitreous and retinal hemorrhage may easily mislead the clinician. It is stressed that careful prolonged observation does not materially decrease the patient's chance for survival if he does have a malignant melanoma and may prevent an unnecessary enucleation.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Macroaneurysms of the retinal arteries.

Six patients with spontaneous retinal and/or vitreous hemorrhages were found, on evaluation by fluorescein angiography, to have macroaneurysms involving the major retinal arteries. All showed evidence of other vascular disease. With absorption of the hemorrhages, five patients experienced appreciable improvement in vision. The aneurysms appeared to diminish in size as a result of fibrous changes within the arterial walls. In one patient, however, a second vitreous hemorrhage occurred several months later. The possibility of repeated hemorrhage suggests that more consideration should be given to treatment of these aneurysms.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Acquired macroaneurysms of the retinal arteries.

Acquired macroaneurysms of the retinal arteries are rather frequent. Four new cases are reported. Aetiology, clinical features, fluorescein angiographic aspects, complications, prognosis, pathogenesis, differential diagnosis and treatment by photocoagulation are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Isolated retinal arterial aneurysms.

We observed three patients with isolated retinal arterial aneurysms and obtained a clinicopathologic correlation in one of them. All three were hypertensive and in the sixth or seventh decade of life. Fatty exudates were present around the aneurysms, taking the form of large circinate rings in two cases. Microscopic examination in one case revealed a retinal arterial aneurysm with an extensive fibroglial reaction around it. Dilated capillaries, hemosiderin deposits, and both lipoidal and proteinaceous exudates were found in the adjacent retina. Isolated retinal arterial aneurysms appear to be distinct clinical entity as compared to miliary aneurysms of the cerebral circulation.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Retinal arterial occlusive disease in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Four patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) developed an unusual form of occlusive retinal arterial disease. The most prominent clinical features of this disorder were deposition of yellow-white material in retinal arterial walls and evidence of multifocal retinal arterial occlusion. Fluorescein angiographic findings included nonperfusion of the obstructed arteries and the retinal capillary beds fed by them, and fluorescein leakage at the sites of involvement of the retinal arteries. This ocular complication of SLE is presumably a manifestation of the widespread systemic vascular problems seen in this disorder. It may be more common in patients with lupus involving the CNS.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Visual recovery after central retinal artery occlusion: two cases.

Two cases of central retinal artery occlusion of prolonged duration (greater than 6 hours) were treated with retrobulbar anesthesia, anterior chamber paracentesis, and high-dose carbon dioxide and oxygen inhalation. Both cases recovered excellent vision and illustrate that visual recovery after relatively prolonged central retinal artery occlusion is possible.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1976

[Intraarterial injection of Tolazolinhydrochlorid in retinal arterial occlusions. Our experiences with puncture of the carotid artery (author's transl)].

In partial and total retinal arterial occlusions we have been giving intracarotideal Tolazolinhydrochlorid since 1969. In the beginning we have prepared surgically the common carotid artery, at present this puncture is done percutanously. The author describes the surgical procedure and the results. A significant improvement of the visual acuity and of the visual field was present in the cases with intraarterial injection.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗