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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

The biodeterioration of synthetic resins used in conservation.

Synthetic resins have been extensively employed by artists in their works of art, e.g. as paint binders, or by conservators for conservation treatments, e.g. as stone consolidants and protectives. It is generally thought that synthetic resins are less prone to chemical, physical and biological deterioration than other organic products but there are many articles in the scientific literature and some reports in the conservation of cultural heritage literature claiming that microorganisms are capable of degrading synthetic resins. This paper reviews the researches on the biodeterioration of synthetic resins used in the conservation of cultural heritage, including stone, painting and textile materials, carried out in the last fifty years.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗
PubMed1995

Methods for permanent conservation of biological objects and anatomic preparations in synthetic resins.

Two methods for preparing packets of synthetic resin for permanent preservation of biological objects and anatomical tissue have been developed. The first method is applied when adding corrosive preparations to epoxide resin. The corrosive preparation is soaked in a mixture of epoxide resin and hardener in a ratio, experimentally determined. The induration proceed at room temperature for 12 h. The second method has two options and is applied for the conservation of biological objects and anatomical preparations in polymethylmethacrylate by a successive immersing of the object in a system of dehydrating mixtures: 50%, 70%, 90% and 96% water solution of methanol and ethanol and in a mixture of acetone and ethanol (1:1) and in acetone or in methylene chloride. The object, thus prepared, is impregnated in vacuum with polymer of methylmethacrylate, benzoyl peroxide and stearic acid or in a composition containing: methylmethacrylate, benzoyl peroxide, dibutylphthalate and tertiary aromatic amine, in optimum correlations of the components, experimentally determined. The induration proceed by heating in a water bath (37 + 3 degrees C) for 3 h and at 30 degrees C temperature in the course of 6-8 h in the first option or at room temperature for about 3 days in the second option. The advantages of the proposed methods are: the use of cheap and available materials for the production of a simplified technological scheme of strongly transparent packages, preserved over a long period; preserving the sizes, the form and natural colour of the objects and preparations as well as a possibility for selective tinting of the separate tissues and systems in the preserved biological objects and anatomical preparations; a possibility for stereomicroscopic observation of the objects and preparations preserved.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Asthma in tunnel workers exposed to synthetic resins.

OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of asthma among tunnel workers exposed to synthetic resins was studied by determining airway symptoms, methacholine responsiveness, and lung function. METHODS: Nineteen injection workers were compared with a group of 104 other tunnel workers with similar exposure, except for that to synthetic resins. A questionnaire on respiratory symptoms, smoking habits, use of respiratory protection, and work tasks was used. Lung function was studied using a bellows spirometer. Bronchial reactivity was tested with methacholine. Allergy screening with Phadiatop and radioallergosorbent tests for toluene-diisocyanate-HSA, diphenylmethane-4.4-diisocyanate-HSA, and formaldehyde-HSA (HSA = human serum albumin) were carried out. Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and MDI prepolymer exposure was estimated by filter sampling, and the filters were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The most common work situations were simulated for an estimation of exposure to isocyanates. RESULTS: The injection workers reported more respiratory symptoms than the reference group, and they had higher prevalences of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (37% versus 14%), asthma (26% versus 1%), and airflow limitation (37% versus 4%). Toluene-diisocyanate-HSA-specific immunoglobulin E antibodies were found in 2 of the 19 injection workers, but in none of the other tunnel workers. By simulation at a worksite, the average exposure to polymerized MDI was estimated to be 5.5-300 microg/m3 during injection work and 18-4300 microg/m3 during short-term exposure, the highest exposure occurring when cured polyurethane was ground. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to partly decomposed MDI in tunnel work enhances the risk for respiratory symptoms, methacholine hyperresponsiveness, asthma, and airflow limitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Cytogenetic effects of synthetic resins in man].

The cytogenetic analysis of persons occupationally exposed to synthetic resins has revealed the reliable increase in the average frequency of cells with chromosome aberrations. The value obtained were 5,5% (146 persons) for epoxide resin, 6,1% (52 persons) for polyvinylchloride, 5,0% (31 persons) for phenolformaldehyde and 2,4% (74 persons) in the control. The average rate of aberrant chromosomes was 0,054 to 0,065 per cell for all synthetic resins, which differed significantly from the control. The average rate of chromosome breaks per chromosome did not reliably differ from that in the control.

Chromatids↗