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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Implications of boundary choice for the measurement of residential mobility.

Analyses of residential mobility are usually conditioned on a system of geography in which territory is divided into discrete units. Types of movement are defined in terms of these units, the most important distinction being that between local mobility and migration. Here we examine explicitly the implications of the choice of the migration-defining boundary in the U.S. over the 1940-1980 period. We demonstrate how boundary choice influences the extent and character of selectivity of the mobile population by using demographic and social characteristics. It appears that over time the state line may be replacing the county line in distinguishing kinds of migrants. Further, our results point to a growing fraction of footloose migrants, not tied to local territory, identified by their migration history rather than demographic characteristics.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Selection bias from differential residential mobility as an explanation for associations of wire codes with childhood cancer.

Several studies of childhood cancer, especially leukemia, in residential areas have reported an association with wire configuration codes. These codes were suggested to be surrogates of electromagnetic field exposure. However, the selection criteria used in several of the studies caused the case and control populations to be non-comparable, especially with respect to residential mobility. Specifically, controls were required to be residentially stable but cases were not. Thus, an artificial association between residential mobility and cancer was created by the subject selection procedure. The present study of 5721 residences in Columbus, Ohio was conducted to learn if bias due to differences in residential mobility, rather than electromagnetic fields, could explain the reported association between wire configuration codes and childhood cancer. It was found that the proportion of homes classified as "high" wire code in the non-stable population was 31% greater than the corresponding proportion in the stable population. This finding shows that high wire codes are associated with homes in which the residents are mobile and low wire codes are associated with homes occupied by stable residents. Thus, as a consequence of this association between residential mobility and high wire codes, studies that created an artificial association between residential mobility and childhood cancer will also produce a false association between high wire codes and cancer.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1988

A method for analyzing backward recurrence time data on residential mobility.

Data on duration of current residence are used to estimate models of duration-dependent residential mobility rates. "We use the theory of backward recurrence times in renewal processes to infer the hazard rate of residential mobility from the density of the duration of current residence. We demonstrate that the inferences made using the asymptotic solution of the density of the backward recurrence times will be severely biased if the renewal process has not reached stability. We present an unbiased finite time solution and estimate univariate and multivariate models of residential mobility rates using 1980 U.S. census data on duration of current residence. These models include mover-stayer models represented by mixture densities. The multivariate analysis shows that the most important covariates of residential mobility are age, homeownership, race, and presence of school-aged children."

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Family structure, residential mobility, and school dropout: a research note.

This paper examines the hypothesis that high levels of residential mobility among nonintact families account for part of the well-known association between living in a nonintact family and dropping out of high school. Children from single-parent families and stepfamilies are more likely than children from two-parent families to move during the school year. As much as 30% of the difference in the risk of dropping out between children from stepfamilies and children from intact families can be explained by differences in residential mobility. Previously, mechanisms explaining school failure on the part of children in nonintact families were more plausible for children in single-parent families than for children in stepfamilies; high levels of residential mobility apply to both groups of children. In addition, residential mobility lends itself to manipulation by public policy, with potentially remedial effects for vulnerable children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Toward a more realistic appraisal of the lung cancer risk from radon: the effects of residential mobility.

OBJECTIVES: A consideration of the effects of residential mobility produces much more realistic estimates of typical individuals' radon exposures and mortality risks than those of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). METHODS: A model linking residential mobility, the distribution of radon in US homes, and lung cancer risk is used to simulate lifetime radon exposure, with and without mitigation of high-radon homes, for typical mobile individuals. Radon-related lung cancer mortality risks are then estimated for smokers and never-smokers. RESULTS: Most individuals residing in high-radon homes have equivalent lifelong radon exposures well below those they are currently experiencing. Consequently, actual lung cancer risks are generally well below those implied in the EPA's radon risk charts. For most people who mitigate high-radon homes, risk reduction is modest. CONCLUSIONS: Radon may indeed be responsible for as large a population risk of lung cancer as the EPA estimates. However, caution must be used in interpreting the EPA's risk assessment for individuals; in many cases, mitigation will have little effect on residents' health risks.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Residential mobility differences among developed countries.

"Micro-level theories of why households change residence contrast with macro-level approaches that relate the level of spatial mobility to development. This article compares the rate of residential mobility in 16 [developed] countries or other areas and examines both regional variations within countries and changes in rates of local and nonlocal moving. Hypotheses that explain why countries differ in rates of residential mobility are examined."

Demography↗
PubMed1993

[Increase in residential mobility in the Netherlands in 1992].

Data on residential mobility in the Netherlands for 1992 are analyzed and compared by region and family characteristics of movers. "During 1992, 742 thousand persons changed address in family context, whereas 828 thousand persons moved individually. The moving families counted on average 2.94 persons." (SUMMARY IN ENG)

Demography↗
PubMed1982

Residential mobility and urban-rural residence within life stages related to health risk and chronic disease in Tecumseh, Michigan.

Residential history, diagnosis of three chronic diseases, five clinical measurements and histories of smoking and drinking were obtained from a sample of 615 women and 529 men, aged 35-69, randomly selected from respondents of the Tecumseh Community Health Study. Two measures of residential mobility and one of urban-rural residence, during early life stages and over the entire lifetime, were related to subsequent adult health traits. Greater residential mobility, particularly in childhood but also in later life, was significantly associated with greater prevalence of hypertension and higher mean diastolic blood pressure in older persons. Greater duration of urban residence was associated with greater prevalence of chronic bronchitis. Both residential traits were associated with greater prevalence of CHD, and with behavior patterns, namely cigarette smoking and drinking, that are risk factors for certain chronic diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Residential mobility of households in the reduction stage in the Netherlands.

The residential mobility of households in the reduction stage in the Netherlands is examined. Such households are defined as those having a female head aged 47 years or older. "In this article it is shown that the propensity to move demonstrated by these households is strongly influenced by tenure of the (previous) dwelling, quality of that dwelling, and the age of the head of the household. Housing choice of moving households is mainly related to tenure of the (previous) dwelling, household composition, and the characteristics of the housing market."

Age Factors↗
PubMed1995

Effects of residential mobility on individual versus population risk of radon-related lung cancer.

The U.S. Environment Protection Agency (EPA) does not consider the effects of normal patterns of residential mobility in estimating individual radon-related lung cancer risks. As a consequence, the EPA's population risk estimates may have little bearing on individual risks, and remediation of high-radon homes may have only small health benefits for the individual who remediate their homes. Through a stimulation analysis, we examine the effects of residential mobility on random exposure and lung cancer risk. Given normal mobility, only 7% of eventual radon-related mortality among current 30 year old will occur in the 5% currently living in homes above pCi/l (the EPA's action level for remediation) in contrast with you estimate of 31% of deaths when mobility's ignored. About 10 pCi/l the no-mobility assumption implies 10.3% of deaths, compared to only 0.4% when mobility taken into account. We conclude that knowledge of one's current random exposure not necessarily a useful guide to one's risk, especially for residents of the high-radon homes targeted for remediation by the EPA. The risk of such individuals is like to be substantially lower than that implied in the EPA's risk charts. If people currently living in high radon homes remediate their houses, the majority of the resulting health benefits will accrue to future occupants of their homes.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Comparing cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of residential mobility and migration.

"A reevaluation of cross-sectional versus longitudinal models of residential mobility...casts doubt on the study by Davies and Pickles in 1985 in which it was argued that cross-sectional analysis is inadequate.... With the use of data from the [U.S.] Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), the conclusion of this reevaluation is that longitudinal analysis increases our understanding of the processes and provides a richer understanding of migration and mobility but does not undermine the work that has been produced from cross-sectional analysis."

Americas↗
PubMed1997

Residential mobility between cities and suburbs: race, suburbanization, and back-to-the-city moves.

Information from the 1979 to 1986 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics is merged with data on respondents' tract and metropolitan area of residence to examine patterns and determinants of residential mobility between central cities and suburbs. Consistent with the life-cycle model of residential mobility, mobility in both directions declines with age, but on balance the presence of young children deters moving to the suburbs. Among blacks, education increases the probability of moving from cities to suburbs, while high income retains blacks and whites in suburbs. Consistent with the place stratification model, blacks are substantially less likely than whites to move from cities to suburbs, and substantially more likely to move from suburbs to cities, even after standardizing for racial differences in sociodemographic characteristics. High levels of violent crime and unemployment in cities relative to suburbs also tend to spur city-to-suburb mobility or inhibit suburb-to-city moves.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Residential mobility and living arrangements among the elderly: changing patterns in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas.

Using data from the 1960 and 1970 Public Use Samples and the 1975 Current Population Survey, this study examines the relationship between residential mobility and living arrangements among the elderly. Particular attention is given to temporal change in that relationship as well as to metropolitan-nonmetropolitan differentials. Persons with living arrangements indicative of greater dependency (i.e., persons who are other relatives of household heads) evidence greater mobility than those with greater independence (i.e., primary individuals and heads or spouses of heads). Results further suggest that outmigration from nonmetropolitan areas is particularly selective of those elderly in dependent type living arrangements. Over time, there is also a noticeable increase in migration of heads or spouses, especially from metropolitan to nonmetropolitan environments. It appears that temporal shifts in living arrangements partly account for changes in residential mobility within and between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Residential mobility on skid row: disaffiliation, powerlessness, and decision making.

Individual-level models of residential mobility emphasize (a) the stabilizing effects of various social, demographic, and housing characteristics and (b) the important mediating role played by decision-making variables. Data from a sample of skid row residents are analyzed to determine if these models retain their accuracy under conditions of disaffiliation and powerlessness. The findings indicate that, while older age, employment, and other characteristics may encourage residential stability on skid row, such factors influences mobility behavior in a direct fashion rather than through the intervening decision variables of residential evaluation and mobility expectation. In general, persons with weakened social attachments and little control over their lives and resources find it difficult to engage in the calculated, long-term type of decision-making process implied by mobility theory.

Decision Making↗
PubMed1989

Residential mobility, social support and adolescent self-concept.

The effects of residential relocation on children has been a topic of interest to social science researchers for decades. Early research attributed school phobias, classroom behavior problems, lack of academic success, and poor peer relationships to residential mobility. Although most current literature has disputed many of these early findings, a question remains regarding the relationship between self-concept and residential relocation. Significant negative findings have been found in previous studies of this relationship. This study attempts to expand the research in two ways: first, by providing a theoretical framework and, second, by testing the role of social support from parents and peers as a mediator in the relationship. The investigation benefits from theory on life events and stress which guides the analysis of mobility and self-concept in a sample of 205 students in the sixth, seventh, and eighth grades. Findings indicate that social support attenuates a negative effect of mobility on specific measures of self-concept.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Residential mobility and long-term treatment of hypertension.

Maintenance of long-term care of populations with high mobility patterns poses problems for programs designed to prevent and treat cardiovascular and other chronic diseases. The Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program (HDFP)--a community-based screening and treatment program implemented in 1973--provided an opportunity to examine residential mobility among adults under long-term treatment in 13 communities. Whereas 11% of hypertensives included in the HDFP changed residence in the first two years of the study, only 4% moved outside the service areas of the programs. Although a higher proportion of blacks (to whites) moved within the service areas, a similar proportion moved outside the service areas. This low residential mobility, especially the low rate of movement outside the service areas of the treatment centers, suggests that mobility of cohorts under long-term treatment and observation may present lesser problems to continuous, long-term community health care programs than do other factors affecting adherence.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1981

Towards a fuller understanding of residential mobility: a case study in Northampton, England.

"This paper, which reports the results of two questionnaire surveys of residential mobility amongst owner-occupiers in Northampton [England,] is concerned with the reasons why households change their place of residence within an urban area.... The major focus of interest is the importance of changes in the family life cycle in promoting mobility as a consequence of changing housing needs."

Demography↗
PubMed1981

Public policy and residential mobility in Dutch cities.

"The role of government policy in the housing market is examined for its impact on residential mobility in medium-sized Dutch cities. Mobility rates for these cities are regressed against in-migration rates, age and family composition variables, housing stock characteristics and measures of policy. There is little relationship between in-migration and intra-urban movement. After controlling for demographic and housing stock characteristics, the policy measures (the provision of subsidies for new construction and renewal subsidies) do explain a significant proportion of the variation in mobility rates across cities." It is also found that "when the cities are grouped by mobility rate, the policy measures account for important proportions of the variance in two of the three groups of cities. For the other group of cities housing stock characteristics are important explanatory variables."

Demography↗