Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Reform Judaism”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Living and dying in the Jewish way: secular rights and religious duties.

This article compares and contrasts the modern American secular emphasis on individual rights and autonomous decision making in the "right to die" context with the traditional emphasis on obligation to others and to God found in Orthodox Judaism. The approach of Conservative and Reform Judaism to decision-making about life-sustaining medical treatments also is explicated and used as the basis for posing a variety of questions regarding the proper balance and relative influence of religious and secular values for modern American Jews in grappling with the difficult ethical dilemmas posed by "right to die" scenarios.

Advance Directives↗
PubMed1994

[The Freuds and the Bernays: 2 Jewish families].

Freud's life and work was largely determined by the support he gained through the union with Martha Bernay. The family constellation between Freud and Martha is described in the light of the historical developments of the fates the generations of the Freud family and the Bernay family. Freud was the grandson of a poor and little educated galician travelling Jew, whose family was still subject to the humiliating laws for the Jews of the Austrian-Hungarian monarchy--especially the family laws. Martha was the granddaughter of the famous and very much respected rabbi Isaac Bernay of Hamburg who was honoured with the title Chacham--the wise one. He had given his congregation a new name and in his battle against reform-Judaism had finally proclaimed the cherem--the great ban--against certain representatives of this reform-Judaism. It is discussed how these family historical influences shaped Martha and made it possible for her to accompany her husband in his fight for the psychoanalytic movement.

Austria↗
PubMed1997

Infertility evaluation and treatment according to Jewish law.

The Jewish attitude toward infertility can be learned from the fact that the first commandment of God to Adam was "be fruitful and multiply". When evaluating an infertile couple according to the Halakha (Hebrew law), one should first evaluate the female factor. If pathology is found, one may proceed to investigate the male factor, inadequate or abnormal production, ejaculation, or deposition of spermatozoa. The basic fact that allows in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) to be considered in the rabbinical literature at all is that the oocyte and the sperm originate from the wife and the husband, respectively. For many centuries Jewish religious authorities have discussed the principle involved in artificial insemination from a donor. The discussions are based on ancient sources in the Talmud and the codes of Jewish law is prohibited for a variety of reasons e.g. incest, lack of genealogy, and the problem of inheritance. In the case of egg donation the problem that arises is who should be considered the mother, the donor of the oocyte or the one in whose uterus the embryo develops, the one who gives birth. Jewish law states that the child is related to the woman who finished its formation, the one who gave birth. The Jewish religion does not forbid the practice of surrogate motherhood in the case of full surrogacy. From the religious point of view, the child will belong to the father who gave the sperm and to the woman who gave birth. Creating and inducing a preimplantation in embryo in vitro for fertility research should be allowed if there is a real chance that the sperm owner may benefit and have a child as a result of this research. Nowadays, assisted reproductive technology is a common practice in the treatment of infertility. Nevertheless, different religious arguments of the world's religions impose limitations on the therapeutic approach to infertility.

Embryo Research↗
PubMed1992

Jewish theology and bioethics.

This article explores the theological foundations of both classical and contemporary Jewish ethics, with special reference to biomedical issues. Traditional views concerning God's revelation to Israel are shown to underlie the methodological orientation of classical Jewish ethics, which is both legalistic and particularistic. Contemporary Jewish ethicists, by contrast, have tended to embrace more liberal views of revelation which have mitigated both the legalism and the particularism of their approach. Apart from methodological considerations, much of the content of Jewish medical ethics has also been shaped by theological concerns. Specifically, a Jewish theology of creation provides basic norms and values which inform Jewish responses to a range of contemporary biomedical issues. Finally, it is suggested that the theological roots of this ethical tradition do not disqualify it from making a significant contribution to the wider discussion of biomedical issues in our secular, pluralistic society.

Bioethical Issues↗
PubMed1998

Barriers to organ donation in the Jewish community.

It has long been recognized that members of the Jewish community generally do not sign organ donor cards or consent to the donation of the organs of their family members. In order to address this issue, the position of Jewish law on organ donation was examined and a sample of the Jewish population of Toronto was surveyed in an attempt to better understand the reasons for the observed reluctance to donate within this community. The results confirmed that the rate of signing organ donor cards was much lower in the Jewish community than in the general population, and although other reasons do exist, the major barrier to donation was a perception that Jewish law prohibits such action. The study of Jewish law revealed that organ donation is permitted and, in fact, encouraged by all branches of modern Judaism. Finally, in response to these results, a guide titled "Organ Donation: A Jewish Perspective" was compiled to help explain both the religious and medical aspects of organ donation for Jewish people and transplant personnel.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Moral distinctions.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bioethics and the contemporary Jewish community.

David Novak takes up the methodological issue of how substantive religious perspectives can be communicated in a pluralistic society. Novak notes that while "secularism" was historically welcomed by the Jewish community, Jewish thinkers now likewise face the challenge of speaking out of a tradition to a secular audience. Novak holds up Jewish-Christian dialogue as a model for constructing a public philosophy.

Bioethics↗