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Results for “Radar”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

The effect of radar on cardiac pacemakers.

The susceptibility of 16 noncompetitive cardiac pacemakers to radiation from a powerful radar system was investigated in the laboratory and in the vicinity of its prototype. From comparative in vitro tests in air, fat, water, and saline it was concluded that only tests in fat or air represent the worst case condition after implantation. In air all pacemakers showed signs of interference at pulse power densities between 0.025 mW/cm2 and 62.5 mW/CM2. Three of six implanted pacemakers were triggered or inhibited depending on their mode of operation when tested at a location 1.2 km away from the radar station by the radar beam occurring every 5.5 sec. Because interfering radiation can enter the pacemaker circuitry directly along the electrode, acting as an antenna, metal encapsulation of the pulse generator does not provide sufficient shielding against microwave radiation. However, pacemakers modified by metal encapsulation and a low-pass filter at the electrode remained undistrubed at pulse power densities of greater than 10 W/cm2 when tested under worst case condition in air.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1979

A study of the health status of radar workers.

The health status was examined of 322 radar workers with a history of occupational exposure in a microwave field from 5-10 years. The clinical findings were compared with a control group of 220 persons. There were no statistically significant differences in clinical and laboratory findings between exposed and control group. Only some subjective complaints were found more frequently in the exposed group than in the control. The authors' feeling is that subjective complaints in radar workers could not be ascribed only to the influence of microwaves because they could be due to other nonspecific harmful occupational factors. On the basis of the results of this work, the authors concluded that it is unlikely to expect marked harmful effects from microwaves in radar workers in normal working conditions.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed1992

The rapid assessment of disease activity in rheumatology (radar) questionnaire. Validity and sensitivity to change of a patient self-report measure of joint count and clinical status.

OBJECTIVE: This study documents the measurement properties of a brief, self-administered questionnaire of disease signs and symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: The Rapid Assessment of Disease Activity in Rheumatology (RADAR) questionnaire assesses joint pain/tenderness and clinical status. One hundred ninety-three pairs of RADAR forms were completed by 45 subjects and their assigned clinician evaluators. RESULTS: Subject-clinician agreement (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC]) for joint pain/tenderness and clinical status ranged from 0.52 to 0.87 (P = 0.0001), with 83% greater than or equal to 0.65. The ICC for change in joint scores over 6 months was 0.83 (P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The 2-page RADAR questionnaire produces valid estimates of joint count and clinical status that are sensitive to change.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Are radar detector users less safe than nonusers?

One hundred and seventy-four drivers who had purchased special insurance coverage during 1988-1989 for in-vehicle equipment that included a radar detector were compared to a similarly sized and sociodemographically stratified driver population random sample. It was found that the radar detector owners had significantly more accident claims and speeding convictions during the period 1986-1989 than those representing the general driver population.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1979

Radar-based studies of the migratory flight of grasshoppers in the middle Niger area of Mali.

Some grasshopper species are pests of subsistence agriculture in the Sahelian zone of West Africa. Formulation of effective control strategies against these pests requires some knowledge of their migratory ability. In this paper a study is described in which radar was used to observe aspects of the nocturnal migratory behaviour of grasshoppers in the middle Niger delta. Mass take-off at dusk, layering and common orientation were regularly observed. Layering appeared to be related to air temperature. Mean orientation was often downwind but at other times crosswind headings occurred which added to the southerly component of the insects' displacement. Probable source areas of insects overflying the radar were identified by calculations of the insects' back-trajectories.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1976

[Chromosome studies of personnel exposed to electromagnetic radiation at radar centers].

The possibility that chromosome alterations take place in personnel exposed to electromagnetic radiation in radar centres has been studied. The study was carried out "blind" on short-term cultures of peripheral blood, some 450 metaphases being analysed for each case. No aberrations were found in either radar operators or controls and there was no statistically significant difference between them.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The use of Doppler shift radar to monitor physiological and drug induced activity patterns in the rat.

Doppler shift radar was used to monitor circadian activity patterns in the rat and to study the behavioural effects of p-chloroamphetamine and d-amphetamine. Activity was classified in two ways:-(a) slow (non-locomotory) and high (locomotory) speed movements. (b) the number of starts of activity, within either the slow or high speed zones of activity during a pre-set time. p-Choloramphetamine (5 mg/kg) produced a biphasic activity response; an initial increase in continuous non-locomotory activity followed by a longer lasting increase in exploratory locomotion containing regular starts of activity. d-Amphetamine (2.5 mg/kg) produced an increase in both non-locomotory and locomotory movements but a marked reduction in starts of activity (i.e. continuous non-exploratory activity). The combination of information on the amount and pattern (starts) of activity allows a more detailed analysis of the effects of drugs on activity to be made than with existing automated methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Catecholamine correlates of radar monitoring performance.

Two experiments were concluded in which target detection performance was measured for male and female subjects engaged in a simulated radar monitoring task. In the first, 20 subjects performed for 2 h; in the second, 28 subjects for 1 h. Adrenaline excretion rate was significantly correlated with performance efficiency in both cases. Task duration and subject sex had no effect upon that correlation. The results of the two experiments were combined to show a general adrenaline/performance relationship.

Arousal↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of the vigilance performance of men and women using a simulated radar task.

The present study examined the question of possible sex differences in the ability to sustain attention to a complex monitoring task requiring only a detection response to critical stimulus changes. The visual display was designed to approximate a futuristic, highly automated air traffic control radar display containing computer-generated alphanumeric symbols. There were 26 men and 26 women tested, each over a 2-h session. Sixteen targets appeared on the screen at all times, with 10 signals (a designated change in the alphanumerics) randomly presented during each 0.5 h of the test session. Detection latency to the signals increased significantly during the session, but there was no evidence of any significant differences between the sexes in the magnitude or pattern of this increase. The results are discussed in terms of a general decline in alertness that was apparently equal for both sexes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Do self-reported arthritis symptom (RADAR) and health status (AIMS2) data provide duplicative or complementary information?

This study assessed whether self-report measures of symptoms and functional health status provide unique outcome information, or whether functional status assessments primarily serve as a proxy for self-reported arthritis symptoms. Symptom scores of 138 individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) collected with the Rapid Assessment of Disease Activity in Rheumatology (RADAR) measure were compared with same-day functional health scores collected with the recently revised Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS2). Correlational and factor analyses revealed that self-assessed arthritis symptoms, physical function and work impact, psychological status, and social health each made independent contributions to outcome. Satisfaction with health status was shown not to be independent of symptoms, functional capacity, or psychological status. It is important to document that self-reported symptom and health status information, when collected concurrently, provides complementary rather than duplicative information.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1991

Effects of monitoring under high and low taskload on detection of flashing and coloured radar targets.

While midair collisions between aircraft are extremely rare occurrences, 'near midair' incidents are more common. The present study sought to evaluate the gains in conspicuity that might be realized if flashing or colour were added as redundant cues to indicate the presence of unexpected, non-tracked aircraft entering controlled airspace, and to examine the extent to which increased taskload and fatigue might influence the expected gains. Sixty-four subjects monitored a simulated air traffic control task over a 2 h period for possible conflict situations (their primary task) under either high or low primary taskload conditions. They also monitored for occasional intrusions by light aircraft identifiable on the basis of target shape alone or with colour and/or flashing added as redundant cues. Flashing as a redundant cue was found to be superior to colour in all aspects tested; unlike colour, detection of flashing targets was unaffected by screen location and by changes in primary taskload. Flashing was also least affected by monitoring fatigue. It was concluded that the superiority of flashing over colour in attracting attention to objects in a display must be weighed against its possible potential for distraction. A practical means of accomplishing this in operational situations is through the use of touch sensitive displays to both acknowledge/confirm target location and to deactivate flashing.

Accidents, Aviation↗