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PubMedDate not supplied

Rheumatoid factor and rheumatoid factor isotypes in loiasis with and without accompanying glomerulonephritis.

We have studied the distribution of rheumatoid factor isotypes amongst patients with loiasis with and without accompanying glomerulonephritis to determine the possible role of rheumatoid factor antiglobulins in this disease. Our findings indicate an increase in both immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM rheumatoid factor isotypes in patients with filariasis alone as well as in patients with accompanying glomerulonephritis. No association with IgA rheumatoid factor was found. The raised IgG and IgM rheumatoid factor levels did not correlate with corresponding IgG and IgM levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

A solution to the rheumatoid factor paradox: pathologic rheumatoid factors can be tolerized by competition with natural rheumatoid factors.

Rheumatoid factors (RF) associated with arthritic joint erosion are only seen transiently, if at all, in nondiseased individuals. Therefore, a tolerance mechanism must exist that prevents pathologic RF B cells from expressing Abs. Surprisingly, it has been shown that pathologic RF B cells are not tolerized by any previously established tolerance mechanism such as deletion, receptor editing, anergy, or prevention of memory establishment. How are pathologic RF cells tolerized? By simulating the RF response with a cellular automaton model immune system, we demonstrate that pathologic RFs can be tolerized by the novel mechanism of "competitive tolerance" with natural, nonpathologic RFs. We then demonstrate that competitive tolerance can be broken when a sequestered pool of expanding B cells are inappropriately subjected to chronic stimulation (as appears to occur in MRL/lpr mice and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis).

Animals↗
PubMed1984

HLA antigens in black and white patients with juvenile arthritis: associations with rheumatoid factor, hidden rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies, and immune complex levels.

HLA typing for -A, -B, -C, -DR, and -MT antigens and simultaneous studies for the presence of 19S IgM rheumatoid factor (RF), hidden 19S IgM RF, antinuclear antibodies (ANA), and immune complexes (IC) were performed on 24 black and 80 white patients with juvenile arthritis (JA) of different onset types. HLA-DRW6 (p less than 0.05) was associated with pauciarticular onset and early onset pauciarticular black patients. HLA-DR4 was found in both blacks and whites with chronic disease (p less than 0.01) and with the presence of RF (p less than 0.05) and hidden RF (p less than 0.05). In the whites, HLA-DR5 (p less than 0.05) and DRW8 (p less than 0.001) were associated with pauciarticular onset and early onset pauciarticular patients. HLA- DRW8 was also associated with white JA patients with iridocyclitis (p less than 0.001) and black (p less than 0.01) and white patients (p less than 0.001) with the presence of ANA. HLA-MT2 was demonstrated in all 24 black patients (p less than 0.001) and in 54/80 white patients (p less than 0.001). HLA-MT2 was associated with black (p less than 0.01) and white (p less than 0.001) patients with early onset pauciarticular disease and the presence of iridocyclitis in white patients (p less than 0.001). The association of HLA antigens in black JA patients has not been reported before.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1978

The clinical and pathogenetic significance of rheumatoid factors.

Rheumatoid factors are immunoglobulins with antibody specificity for antigenic sites on the Fc part of the heavy chain of IgG. The heterogeneity of RF in terms of antigenic specificity and class of immunoglobulin is indicative of the complexity of the provoking immune response. There is little doubt that in many patients rheumatoid factors are autoantibodies which form part of immune complexes, and that complexes containing IgG rheumatoid factor appear to be of pathogenetic importance. Although IgM rheumatoid factors are not specific for RA, their detection aids in the diagnosis and categorisation of rheumatoid arthritis. On the other hand, IgG rheumatoid factors occur in a variety of rheumatic diseases and are of little diagnostic value.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Current data on rheumatoid factors].

Rheumatoid factors are autoantibodies against the Fc fragment of IgGs. The polyclonal rheumatoid factors found in autoimmune diseases are distinct from the monoclonal rheumatoid factors produced in lymphoproliferative disorders in that they rarely express public idiotypes, are relatively specific for their Fc, and exhibit increased affinity. They may be derived from natural rheumatoid factors. The role of the latter is unclear but may involve presentation of immune complex antigens to T cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Generation of superoxide by immunologically stimulated normal human neutrophils and possible modulation by intracellular and extracellular SOD and rheumatoid factors.

Rheumatoid synovial fluids generated significantly greater amounts of superoxide, lysosomal enzymes, and superoxide dismutase from neutrophils into extracellular fluid than osteoarthritic synovial fluids. Rheumatoid factors isolated from serum suppressed superoxide-generating activity of performed immune complexes, but did not suppress that of intermediate-sized immune complexes isolated from RA serum. Synovial fluid neutrophils has a greater capacity to generate superoxide and lower intracellular superoxide dismutase activity, compared with peripheral neutrophils of the corresponding patients. These results suggest that neutrophil superoxide release may be modulated, both by rheumatoid factor and by intracellular and extracellular superoxide dismutase.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1991

Use of chicken antibodies in enzyme immunoassays to avoid interference by rheumatoid factors.

Rheumatoid factor (RF) is a major source of interference in many immunoassays. Most immunoassays use mammalian polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies, and RF can react with IgG from mammalian species, thus causing false-positive results. In this work we have studied RF interference in a sandwich ELISA, where RF in the sample may react with both the capture antibody and the detection antibody to give a false-positive reaction. We show that rheumatoid factors do not react with chicken IgY; if the capture antibody or detection antibody (or both) is of avian origin, the interference of RF or other anti-IgG antibodies in sandwich ELISA can be avoided.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Class II HLA antigens and rheumatoid factors in rheumatoid polyarthritis. Inverse influence of DR4 and DR7 antigens?].

A linkage disequilibrium was searched for between HLA-DR antigens and rheumatoid factor level both measured using latex agglutination and a solid phase immuno-enzymic assay (FR-PAP) among 251 sera from patients suffering from classical rheumatoid arthritis for at least 5 years, recorded in the Cooperative Swiss Study on Rheumatoid Arthritis. An association between the presence of HLA-DR7 and low levels of rheumatoid factor was found. This association was stronger when the DR4, 7 heterozygous subjects were excluded. The comparison of the DR7, not equal to 4 and DR not equal to 4, not equal to 7 subjects demonstrated that the DR7 effect was independent of DR4. Although the association between DR4 and high levels of rheumatoid factor was not statistically significant in this study, these data suggested an opposite influence of DR4 and DR7 on rheumatoid factor level among rheumatoid arthritis suffering patients. The influence of DR4 appeared to be dominant among heterozygous DR4, 7 patients.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗