Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “RETINAL DETACHMENT”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Incidence of lipid changes in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, retinal vein occlusion and primary chronic glaucoma].

Several studies suggest that vascular factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, retinal vein occlusion and primary chronic glaucoma. We explored the lipoprotein abnormalities in three groups of 45 patients suffering from each of these diseases compared to three control groups. We did not find significant abnormalities of cholesterol, cholesterol lipoproteins, nor Apolipoprotein B. The only significant abnormality was the presence of a higher rate of hypertriglyceridemia in the retinal vein occlusion and primary chronic glaucoma groups in comparison with their control group. In these two affections, hypertriglyceridemia should be systematically researched and treated.

Apolipoproteins B↗
PubMed1998

Neovascular complications associated with rubeosis iridis and peripheral retinal detachment after retinal detachment surgery.

PURPOSE: To report clinical features and surgical management of neovascular complications associated with rubeosis iridis and peripheral retinal detachment after retinal detachment surgery in nondiabetic patients. METHODS: Seven consecutive eyes of seven nondiabetic patients who developed neovascular complications associated with rubeosis iridis and peripheral retinal detachment after scleral buckling and vitrectomy procedures were retrospectively reviewed. None of the eyes had clinical evidence of anterior segment ischemia or retinal vascular disease, but each eye developed rubeosis iridis and neovascular complications. RESULTS: Of the seven eyes with rubeosis iridis and peripheral retinal detachment, six developed recurrent or progressive vitreous hemorrhage, and three developed progressive neovascular glaucoma. Four eyes underwent a revision procedure to repair the peripheral retinal detachment, and anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy was found in each of these cases. Rubeosis iridis regressed in all three eyes in which surgery resulted in complete reattachment of the retina. In one eye with persistent peripheral retinal detachment and in the three remaining eyes that did not undergo revision surgery, rubeosis iridis persisted and was associated with long-term neovascular complications. Final corrected visual acuity was 20/70 to 20/400 in three eyes with total retinal reattachment and no light perception to hand motions in four eyes with persistent peripheral retinal detachment and rubeosis iridis. CONCLUSION: Visually significant neovascular complications may occur in eyes that develop rubeosis iridis associated with peripheral retinal detachment after retinal detachment surgery in nondiabetic patients. Successful repair of the peripheral retinal detachment may induce regression of rubeosis iridis, reduce associated complications, and improve the long-term prognosis of these eyes.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Retinal detachment.

Retinal detachment is a separation of the neurosensory retina from the retinal pigment epithelium. Most retinal detachments are rhegmatogenous, and identification of risk factors and predisposing lesions are important aspects of patient management. Retinal detachment is relatively rare, but can pose a significant threat to vision if there is macular involvement. Prompt diagnosis combined with patient education and appropriate intervention often can avert irrevocable visual impairment. This paper presents an overview of the categories of retinal detachment, discusses the pathogenesis of the various types of detachment, and provides recommendations for primary care of patients with predisposing factors and high-risk characteristics.

Choroid↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of pars plana vitrectomy and scleral buckling for uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Retinal detachment surgery can now achieve a final reattachment rate in over 90% of cases. The operation of choice in most cases is that of external scleral buckling with or without drainage of subretinal fluid. However, in a minority of cases these techniques are difficult to apply either when the breaks are unseen due to media opacities or when the breaks are complex, eg, posterior, large, or multiple breaks at different distances from the ora. Improvements in the technique of pars plana vitrectomy for retinal detachment now offers us an alternative method for treating these difficult cases. Pars plana vitrectomy for retinal detachments with unseen or complex breaks has a final attachment rate of over 90%, is technically easier to perform than conventional surgery, and avoids the refractive and ocular motility problems associated with complicated buckles. For these reasons and despite the high risk of nuclear sclerosis in phakic eyes, a pars plana vitrectomy may be the preferred option in selected cases of primary retinal detachment.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Laser photocoagulation for retinal detachments and retinal tears in cytomegalovirus retinitis.

OBJECTIVE: Retinal detachment complicates the course of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in nearly 30% of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. The study goal was to evaluate laser photocoagulation in the treatment of CMV retinitis-related retinal detachments and retinal tears. DESIGN: Nonrandomized, observational cohort study. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-three patients with CMV retinitis-related retinal detachments and nine patients with peripheral retinal tears in eyes with CMV retinitis were studied. INTERVENTION: Of the 63 eyes with retinal detachment, 23 patients were treated with demarcating laser photocoagulation, 24 patients underwent vitrectomy with silicone oil, and 16 patients were observed without treatment. All nine patients with peripheral retinal tears received laser photocoagulation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Time to progression of retinal detachment, final visual acuity, and need for vitrectomy surgery were studied. RESULTS: Median time to progression of the retinal detachment in the laser-treated patients was 175 days versus 39 days in observed patients (P = 0.012). Both initial (P < 0.001) and final (P = 0.005) visual acuities were better in the patients with laser-treated detachment than in the observed or vitrectomy patients. The retinal detachment groups were comparable in follow-up, zone and location of detachment, and size of holes, but the vitrectomy and observed groups had more cases with extensive CMV retinitis. Vitrectomy surgery was required in 9 of 16 (56%) in the observed group and 7 of 23 (30%) in the laser group. Two of nine patients (22%) who failed to respond to laser treatment for retinal breaks required vitrectomy surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Laser photocoagulation of selected retinal detachments and retinal tears delayed or avoided vitrectomy with silicone oil. It may be an important treatment modality for patients with nonmacular detachments and for those who are receiving local anti-CMV therapy with intravitreal injections or pellets, in whom silicone oil may affect the efficacy of the local treatment.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1987

Glial fibrillary acidic protein increases in Müller cells after retinal detachment.

Retinal detachment, separation of the neural retina from the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), initiates a series of changes in the eye which result in loss of vision if the retina is not rapidly reattached to the RPE. Many of the complex effects of this separation on the cell biology of the retina have yet to be determined. We report here a change in the amount and location of a specific cytoskeletal protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), within Müller cells after retinal detachment. Cat neural retina and RPE were separated by injecting fluid into the extracellular space between the retina and RPE. Normal retinas and retinas detached for 30 days were fixed and embedded for conventional electron microscopy or immunocytochemistry, or homogenized and processed by SDS-PAGE for immunoblot analysis with anti-GFAP. In normal retinas and in attached retinal regions of eyes with retinal detachment, GFAP was detected only in the end feet of the Müller cells as 10 nm diameter filaments and as a diffuse component over the cytoplasm. By contrast, in regions where the retina was detached from the RPE, GFAP was localized throughout the Müller cells in both of these forms. Immunoblots revealed a significant increase in anti-GFAP labeling of a 51,000 MW band from the detached retina.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Pathology and pathogenesis of retinal detachment.

Retinal detachment, separation of the neurosensory retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium, is a sight threatening condition that is considered one of the few ocular emergencies. The literature is enormously rich in studies that focused on different aspects of this disease process. Yet certain aspects remain largely unanswered. We briefly review major aspects of retinal detachment and discuss various important contributions in this field, focussing mainly on the pathogenesis of and predisposing factors to retinal detachment, and on the pathologic changes that occur following its development and following various surgical procedures currently used in its management.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

Myopia-aphakia. I. Prevalence of retinal detachment.

Retinal detachment after cataract extraction occurred in nine out of 136 eyes with myopia of 6 or more dioptress (6-7 per cent), during a follow-up period of 1 1/2-9 1/2 years. Five of the nine detachments occurred within 3 months of cataract extraction. All patients with retinal detachment were under the age of 63 years. Relatively young patients with high myopia bear a special risk of developing retinal detachment after lens extraction. The possible reason for this is discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subretinal nematode. An unusual etiology for uveitis and retinal detachment.

Retinal detachments are usually divided between rhegmatogenous and exudative. Many causes for exudative retinal detachments are described in the literature. Subretinal nematodes are a rare but well-known etiology for severe exudative retinal detachments and endophthalmitis. The case presented represents the first known infestation of human ocular tissue by the nematode Porrocaecum or Hexametra. Described are the presenting symptoms and medical and surgical management, including pars plana vitrectomy, retinotomy, and air-fluid exchange to salvage the eye.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Retinal detachment].

Retinal detachment can be successfully treated today in over 90% of patients. For a good functional prognosis early diagnosis and appropriate initial treatment remain crucial. Symptoms of incipient retinal detachment are those of acute posterior detachment of the vitreous body with "mouches volantes" and/or photopsia. At risk and thus to be examined urgently if such symptoms occur are patients with previous history of detachment, severe myopia, aphakia or pseudophakia. Prophylactic treatment of degenerative retinal lesions that can be interpreted as precursors of detachment is highly controversial and only indicated in patients with particular risk factors. Research in surgical treatment of retinal detachment focuses on improvement of functional result by improved instruments and standardized operative techniques.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Changes in the expression of specific Müller cell proteins during long-term retinal detachment.

Retinal detachments were produced in domestic cats by injecting fluid between the retinal pigment epithelium and neural retina. Retinas were allowed to remain detached for 30 or 60 days at which time the animals were killed. Tissue areas from detached and attached retinal regions from the same eye were processed for correlative biochemical and structural analysis, i.e. SDS-PAGE and Western blots of tissue homogenates were correlated with tissue processed for postembedding immunoelectron microscopy. Antibodies to six proteins were used as probes. Glial fibrillary acidic protein in Müller cells has previously been shown to increase after retinal detachment; here we show that vimentin, another intermediate filament protein present in Müller cells, also increases after detachment. In contrast, cellular retinaldehyde binding protein, cellular retinol binding protein, glutamine synthetase, and carbonic anhydrase C--all normally found in Müller cells--decrease after detachment. The results of this study indicate that retinal Müller cells dramatically alter their expression of proteins in response to retinal detachment.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Exudative retinal detachment and retinitis associated with acquired syphilitic uveitis.

PURPOSE: To describe three cases of exudative retinal detachment and focal retinitis associated with acquired syphilitic uveitis. METHODS: Three patients who were referred for evaluation of uveitis were examined. Slit-lamp examination, ophthalmoscopy, B-scan ultrasonography, fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography were performed before and after therapy. RESULTS: Each patient had uveitis with exudative retinal detachment, periphlebitis, and focal retinitis. Laboratory testing (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption) revealed positive serology for active syphilis in all cases. Human immunodeficiency virus antibody testing was negative in all patients. Retinal detachment resolved in all cases after treatment with intravenous penicillin. Despite resolution of subretinal fluid, visual acuity remained poor in eyes in which the macula was detached. CONCLUSION: Syphilis is a cause of exudative retinal detachment. Antibiotic therapy can lead to retinal reattachment. Early recognition and treatment may prevent severe vision loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The use of retinal tacks in the repair of complicated retinal detachments.

Retinal tacks that can be easily placed and removed allow precise intraocular control of retinal fixation in the repair of complicated retinal detachments. We used this technique in 41 consecutive cases of complicated retinal detachment. In 37 cases follow-up was six months or more. We achieved reattachment of the posterior pole, including the macula, in 22 patients after six months or more of follow-up. Postoperative visual acuities were 1/200 or better in 15 patients and 5/200 or better in six.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Phacoemulsification and retinal detachment.

Retinal detachment is not eliminated nor decreased to a rare complication after PE. There were 94 eyes with retinal detachments after PE examined and the majority operated. The fundus view might be hampered and some areas of the retina obscured by this form of lens extraction. There are, however, some cases where the small incision and relative clarity of the media, soon after cataract surgery, offer an advantage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Phacoemulsification and retinal detachment.

Retinal detachment is not eliminated nor decreased to a rare complication after phacoemulsification. There were 94 eyes examined with retinal detachments after phacoemulsification and the majority were operated upon. The fundus view might be hampered and some areas of the retina obscured by this form of lens extraction. There are, however, some cases where the small incision and relative clarity of the media, soon after cataract surgery, offer an advantage.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Latest developments in treating retinal detachment.

Retinal detachment is a significant cause of blindness. Until the second quarter of this century, no successful treatment was available. Since then, there have been many exciting developments so that nowadays the majority of retinal detachments can be successfully repaired.

Cryosurgery↗