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Results for “Pregnancy, Prolonged”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Prolonged pregnancy.

Prolonged pregnancy is defined as any pregnancy that lasts 294 days or more. It is now well recognized that prolonged pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity. It is these complications of pregnancy that have led obstetricians to adopt a policy of induction of labour before the onset of the post-term period. The induction of labour between 41 and 42 weeks is, however, a very crude strategy for reducing term and post-term stillbirth rates. Although the risk of fetal death is increased after 42 weeks, many more fetuses die in utero between 37 and 42 weeks than die in the post-term period. It appears that smaller term fetuses run a greater risk than their larger counterparts, and that current methods of antepartum assessment of the term fetus are still inadequate. It behoves us as obstetricians to improve our capabilities in identifying the compromised fetus at term. This review puts into perspective the most recent publications and highlights areas requiring further study.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Fetal rat adrenal gland steroidogenesis in vitro in prolonged pregnancy.

Progesterone, injected into pregnant rats on the last days of pregnancy, prolonged pregnancy and prevented parturition. The fetuses from mothers whose pregnancies were prolonged have greater body and adrenal weights on days 23 and 24 of gestation as compared with 1- and 2-day-old rats. The adrenal glands of fetuses and neonatal rats converted in vitro 4-(14)C-progesterone to 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC), corticosterone (B), 18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone (18-OH-DOC), 18-hydroxy-corticosterone (18-OH-B) and aldosterone. The fetal adrenal glands on the 23rd and 24th day of pregnancy synthesized in vitro less DOC, corticosterone and 18-OH-DOC than the adrenal glands of intact neonatal rats. These results demonstrated that progesterone in prolonged pregnancy inhibited enzymes of steroid hydroxylation which converted progesterone to DOC, corticosterone and 18-OH-DOC in fetal rat adrenal glands.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1986

Fetoplacental steroid metabolism in prolonged pregnancies.

The response to an intravenous load of 50 mg of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate given to women with a pregnancy prolonged to more than 42 weeks was compared to the response in control pregnant women at 40 weeks. The half-life of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate was longer in the prolonged pregnancy group than in the control group (mean +/- SEM, 3.64 +/- 0.24 hour versus 2.78 +/- 1.08 hour, p less than 0.05), and the rises of serum free estrone and free estradiol 4 hours after infusion were less in the prolonged pregnancy group than in the control group. Maternal venous and umbilical venous estrone, estradiol, free estriol, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels were compared in samples from control, postmature, and postterm groups. Umbilical estriol concentrations were significantly less in the postmature group (67.8 +/- 9.5 ng/ml, mean +/- SEM) than in the control group (136 +/- 22.8 ng/ml, mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.01), but there were no significant differences between dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, estrone, and estradiol levels. Maternal venous estriol levels were lower in the postmature group (13.3 +/- 2.1, p less than 0.05) than in the control group (25.0 +/- 4.9). A reduction in overall placental estrogen production was indicated by the results of the dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate loads in the patients with prolonged pregnancy, yet the normal umbilical venous estrone and estradiol levels do not fit this conclusion. There is no explanation for the discrepancy at this time.

Dehydroepiandrosterone↗
PubMed2003

Continuous subcutaneous terbutaline administration prolongs pregnancy after recurrent preterm labor.

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to study the effectiveness of continuous subcutaneous terbutaline (SQT) in the home after recurrent preterm labor (RPTL). STUDY DESIGN: Women with RPTL at less than 32 weeks' gestation were treated with continuous SQT administered in the home compared with matched control patients. RESULTS: Fifteen SQT patients were compared with 45 women (3:1) treated with no tocolytic therapy after hospitalization. Gestational age at delivery more than 37 weeks (53% vs 4%), percentage delivered at less than 32 weeks (0% vs 47%), overall and pregnancy prolongation (49.8 +/- 19.2 days vs 24.5 +/- 12.8 days) were all significantly better in the study group (P <.001). The total number of maternal hospital days (9.8 +/- 2.1 vs 15.9 +/- 7.4, P <.0001), duration of NICU stay (1.9 +/- 4.9 vs 19.8 +/- 29.3 days, P <.001), and total cost for newborn care (6,995 +/- 14,822 US dollars vs 62,033 +/- 89,978 US dollars, P <.002) favored the study patients. For every dollar spent on SQT, there was a savings of 4.67 US dollars in newborn hospital costs for control patients. CONCLUSION: In this small study, the use of SQT significantly prolongs pregnancy, decreases serious neonatal complications, and reduces the duration of hospitalization for both mother and infant, as well as neonatal costs.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Prolonged pregnancies].

Pregnancy prolonged beyond 294 days is not a common situation (less than 6% of all pregnancies). The risks of prolonged pregnancy are fetal macrosomia, postmaturity syndrome, acute fetal distress during labor or meconium release. Close fetal monitoring by clinical examination, cardiotocography and ultrasound scan should be done. If oligohydramnios or abnormal cardiotocogram appear, termination of pregnancy by induction of labor or cesarean section is necessary. Conservative management is possible if antenatal monitoring is normal.

Female↗