Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Postoperative Period”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Temperature problems in the postoperative period.

Postoperative patients have difficulty maintaining thermal balance for several reasons. Normal thermoregulation is suppressed by anesthesia, neuromuscular blocking agents, and other drugs, and cool environmental conditions and exposure contribute to heat loss. Specific patient groups at high risk for hypothermia include infants, the elderly, and the neurologically impaired. Temperature drift, afterfall, shivering, malignant hyperthermia, and fever are among the temperature-related conditions requiring vigilant assessment and nursing action during the postoperative period.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed2001

Jejunal manometry predicts tube feeding intolerance in the postoperative period.

Postoperative nutrition is best provided enterally; however, patients often develop intolerance to enteral feedings. Our aim was to prospectively identify abdominal examination and jejunal pressure activity associated with postoperative intolerance of enteral feedings. Twenty-nine patients underwent abdominal operation and needle catheter jejunostomy placement. Elemental tube feedings were started on the day after surgery and advanced to the caloric goal rate over three days. Patients whose feedings were slowed at the attending surgeon's discretion were defined as intolerant. Jejunal manometry and a standardized abdominal exam were performed on postoperative days 1, 3, and 5. Fifteen patients (52%) were intolerant of tube feedings and had decreased jejunal motor activity but more active bowel sounds prior to feedings. After feedings, intolerant patients developed abdominal distension, but other abdominal findings were inconsistent. A marked decrease in phase II of the migrating motility complex (MMC) and the lack of a fed response were present in both groups. The overall jejunal motility present on day 1 following surgery identifies patients that will not tolerate enteral feedings. The abdominal examination, MMC parameters, and motor response to feeding did not predict feeding intolerance.

Colectomy↗
PubMed1994

[The effects of prostaglandin E1 infusion during cardiopulmonary bypass on cardiac and renal function in the early postoperative period].

Postoperative complications after cardiac surgery are mainly caused by the detrimental effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on hemodynamics and humoral factors. We studied the effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) infusion on CPB induced organ failure. Twenty-four patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery with normal preoperative cardiac and renal function were divided into two groups. PG group (n = 11) was given PGE1 (0.03-0.05 microgram/kg/min) during CPB while the control group (n = 13) was not. Hemodynamic studies with the Swan-Ganz catheter and renal function tests including serum creatinine (Cr), serum beta 2-microglobulin (s-BMG) and urine beta 2-microglobulin (u-BMG) measurements were performed 24 hours after surgery. After CPB, alpha-adrenergic agent requirement was higher in the PG group than in the control group. In the PG group, the mean cardiac index was slightly higher and the mean left ventricular stroke work index was lower than in the control group. Although the mean systemic vascular resistance index was lower in the PG group, the mean pulmonary vascular resistance index was higher because of the vasoconstrictive action of alpha-adrenergic agents. These differences were seen only immediately after surgery; hemodynamic parameters in both groups were at the same level 3 hour postoperatively. Immediately after surgery, creatinine in the PG group was significantly lower than in the control group. While there was no significant differences in s-BMG between the two groups, u-BMG at 6 and 12 hours postoperatively in the PG group were significantly lower than in the control group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Metabolism of parenterally administered amino acids in the postoperative period. I. Comparative blood kinetic examinations in healthy adults and in the postoperative period].

The postoperative and posttraumatic period is characterized by alterations of amino acid metabolism which sometimes lead to pronounced blood level imbalances. To investigate the cause of these alterations, we performed pharmacokinetic amino acid utilization studies in 20 patients on the second postoperative day and in 19 healthy adult volunteers. The results indicate that, postoperatively, the majority of amino acids exhibit prolonged half-lives and correspondingly reduced clearances. The necessity for special amino acid solutions for postoperative patients is discussed.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2003

Effects of preemptive analgesia on pain and cytokine production in the postoperative period.

BACKGROUND: The postoperative period is associated with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines, which are known to augment pain sensitivity, among other effects. In a previous study, the authors found that patients treated with patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) exhibited attenuated proinflammatory cytokine response in the postoperative period. In the present study, the authors examined whether preemptive analgesia continued with PCEA may further attenuate the proinflammatory cytokine response and reduce pain sensitivity in the postoperative period. They compared cytokine production in two groups of patients, one receiving PCEA, the other receiving preemptive epidural analgesia continued by PCEA. METHODS: Female patients hospitalized for transabdominal hysterectomy were randomly assigned to one of two pain management techniques: PCEA or preemptive epidural analgesia followed by PCEA (PA + PCEA). Postoperative pain was assessed using the visual analog scale. Blood samples were collected before, 24, 48, and 72 h following surgery. Production of the following cytokines was assessed in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells: interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-6, IL-1ra, IL-10, and IL-2. RESULTS: Patients of the PA + PCEA group exhibited lower pain scores throughout the 72 h postoperatively, compared with patients of the PCEA group. In patients of the PA + PCEA group in the postoperative period, production of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-1ra, and IL-10 was significantly less elevated, while IL-2 production was significantly less suppressed. CONCLUSIONS: Proinflammatory cytokines are key mediators of illness symptoms, including hyperalgesia. The present results suggest that preemptive epidural analgesia is associated with reduced postoperative pain and attenuated production of proinflammatory cytokines.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fluid administration during abdominal surgery influences on coagulation in the postoperative period.

OBJECTIVE: Postoperative coagulopathy is an important concern for patients after major surgery. Our objective was to define the factors that correlate with postoperative deterioration in coagulation. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical case study. SETTING: University hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Adult patients (n = 150), who underwent major abdominal surgery, were randomly chosen to participate in the study. For each patient, demographic and medical data, anesthetic information, type and duration of surgery, hemodynamic variables, fluid administration, as well as preoperative and postoperative prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time were collected. Statistical analysis was used to determine which factors correlated with deterioration of coagulation tests. RESULTS: We found statistically significant correlation between deteriorating coagulation functions and administration of more than 3 l of crystalloids during abdominal surgery. There was also correlation between administration of more than 500 ml of colloid administration and elongation of protrombin time. The remainder of the above studied factors did not correlate with deteriorating coagulation. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of more than 3-l crystalloids or 500-ml colloids during abdominal surgery correlates with postoperative coagulopathy.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hemodynamic study during the postoperative period in coronary patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. The role of mechanical ventilation and sedation].

The initial period of postoperative rewarming is frequently marked by rapid increases in metabolic rate and myocardial work leading to haemodynamic instability. In order to test the beneficial effect of mechanical respiratory support with sedation in the postoperative period, 18 patients with coronary artery disease operated upon for abdominal or orthopedic surgery were submitted to a hemodynamic study. The patients were divided in two groups. In group II intravenous nitrates were administered perioperatively. Postoperative hemodynamic profiles were similar in both group. No perioperative signs of myocardial ischemia were detected. Prolonged ventilation with sedation can prevent the hemodynamic stress of recovery.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Echocardiographic studies of children operated on for congenital heart disease; evaluation in the immediate postoperative period.

In the immediate postoperative period, echocardiography was used to study left ventricular function in 69 children after correction of various congenital cardiac malformations. Left ventricular contractility indices and systolic time intervals measured from aortic cusp echoes were repeatedly obtained during the fist postoperative week. The degree of impairment of left ventricular function was assessed for different diagnostic groups and are tabulated. Decrease in left ventricular function was strongly correlated to operating time, cardiac bypass time, and aortic clamping time, the most important factor being cardiac bypass time. Left ventricular ejection time (LVET) was the most useful parameter of cardiac function in the immediate postoperative period and was of prognostic value in 5 patients who died early in that period. Abnormal septal movement was seen in most patients, but usually normalized within 2 wk. After extensive operations, changes in the movement pattern of the aortic leaflets were also seen. Although pericardial effusion was commonly found during the postoperative period, it did not indicate postcardiotomy syndrome and disappeared spontaneous within 2 mth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Influence of the pathogenetic variant of uterine cancer on the dynamics of prolactin secretion in the early and late postoperative periods].

In early postoperative period, patients with uterine carcinoma of pathogenetic types I and II developed hyperprolactinemia with similar frequency. However, elevation of prolactin concentration was found to vary with pathogenetic type. For type I endometrial carcinoma, prolactin level on postoperative days 1-5 was twice those registered in type II tumor. Later, prolactin levels returned to normal.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Absorption of protein in the early postoperative period in chronic conscious dogs.

Postoperative alterations in amino acid exchange across the intestinal tract and in the capacity for protein absorption were investigated in a chronic canine model. Changes in postoperative splanchnic amino acid exchange consisted of a temporary decrease of total splanchnic amino acid release, including a significant reduction in alanine production, and an increase in glutamine consumption. Contrary to results under stable metabolic conditions, branched chain amino acids were also taken up by the intestine in the early postoperative period. The changes in postoperative amino acid exchange were not, however, reflected by a corresponding alteration in protein transport capacity. The absorptive capacity for a protein hydrolysate remained stable during the early postoperative period.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1997

Atrial Septal Aneurysm Does Not Predispose to Stroke in the Immediate Postoperative Period Following Cardiac Surgery.

The postoperative period following cardiac surgery is associated with an increased incidence of cerebrovascular events. Previous retrospective studies have suggested that atrial septal aneurysms (ASAs) are associated with embolic strokes ranging in incidence from 20%-52%. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether patients with ASA undergoing cardiac surgery have increased risk for strokes in the immediate postoperative period. Of 1626 consecutive patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography during cardiac surgery over a 44-month period, 80 patients were identified to have ASA (incidence 4.9%). Patients were followed during their entire hospital stay for development of any neurological event. Any patient with a suspicion of neurological event had a detailed neurological history, examination, and, if necessary, a CT scan or MRI study. Most patients were started on aspirin postoperatively. None of the patients experienced a cerebrovascular event or systemic embolization during this period. Thus, the presence of isolated ASA may not pose an additional risk for cerebrovascular events during postoperative period.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Surgical treatment of partial atrioventricular septal defect: functional analysis of the mitral valve in the postoperative period.

OBJECTIVE: To study mitral valve function in the postoperative period after correction of the partial form of atrioventricular septal defect. METHODS: Fifty patients underwent surgical correction of the partial form of atrioventricular septal defect. Their mean age was 11.8 years and 62% of the patients were males. Preoperative echocardiography showed moderate and severe mitral insufficiency in 44% of the patients. The mitral valve cleft was sutured in 45 (90%) patients (group II - GII). Echocardiographies were performed in the early postoperative period, and 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge. RESULTS: The patients who had some type of arrhythmia in the postoperative period had ostium primum atrial septal defect of a larger size (2.74 x 2.08 cm). All 5 patients in group I (GI), who did not undergo closure of the cleft, had a competent mitral valve or mild mitral insufficiency in the preoperative period. One of these patients began to have moderate mitral insufficiency in the postoperative period. On the other hand, in GII, 88.8% and 82.2% of the patients had competent mitral valve or mild mitral insufficiency in the early and late postoperative periods, respectively. CONCLUSION: The mitral valve cleft was repaired in 90% of cases. Echocardiography revealed competent mitral valve or mild mitral insufficiency in 88.8% and 82.2% of GII patients in the early and late postoperative periods, respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Extended small bowel resection with right hemicolectomy after massive superior mesenteric artery embolism, management in early postoperative period].

Intensive care management in recent postoperative period in nine patients with superior mesenteric artery embolism was provided. In all patients during surgical treatment an extensive resection of small bowel and right colectomy were performed. On the basis of physiopathological mechanisms of occlusional bowel ischemia and septic shock development the appropriate therapeutic procedure during pre and postoperative period was submitted. The authors suggest usefulness of the antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with high risk of measenteric embolism in order to decrease the dynamics of septic complications in the cases with bowel necrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Increase in fibrinogenemia in the postoperative period of open-heart surgery.

Postoperative thromboses, with no effective prevention currently available, are a serious complication of open-heart surgery. Conventionally, anticoagulants (heparin, coumarine derivatives) are used after prosthetic heart valvular surgery (PHVS), and antiplatelet drugs (ASA) are administered after coronary artery by-pass graft operation (CABG)). Postoperative thrombophilia may be enhanced by an increase in plasma fibrinogen (FBG) levels, from 2.6 +/- 0.4 to 6.0 +/- 1.8 g/l, p < 0.01, as observed following open-heart surgery in CABG pts (n = 19), and from 2.8 +/- 0.5 to 4.2 +/- 1.0 g/l, p < 0.01) in PHVS pts (n = 12) during postoperative days 6 to 10. This increase in FBG in both groups of pts on different antithrombotic regimens significantly correlated with an increase in others plasma proteins alpha-1-antitrypsin A1AT (r = 0.43, p < 0.01), coeruloplasmin, CRPL (r = 0.53, p < 0.01), orosomucoid, ORM (r = 0.37, p < 0.02), and with prolongation of euglobulin clot lysis time (r = 0.42, p < 0.01) during the 21-day postoperative period. A negative correlation was demonstrated between FBG and the plasma levels of transferrin, TRF (r = -0.389, p < 0.02). Whereas FBG, ORM, A1AT, and CRPL are referred to as "positive" acute phase proteins, TRF is a "negative" acute phase protein. It follows from multivariate factor analysis that the reactive increase in these acute phase proteins (incl.FBG) is due to one "common" stimulating factor during the postoperative period. The "common" stimulating factor also raised thrombocyte count.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1978

[Immunological changes during the immediate postoperative period (author's transl)].

Postoperative variations in the different parameters of humoral and cellular immunity were studied in 18 adult patients in general surgery. Levels of immunoglobulins G (igG) fell and those of immunoglobulins M (igM) increased significantly. Lymphocytic proliferation under the influence of PHA showed a significant fall. Neither polynuclear function nor total complement activity were modified. Patients in whom the postoperative course was complicated by sepsis differed from the others by a lower activity of the lymphocyte transformation test and by a higher level of igG and igM on the day prior to surgery. In addition, deficiency in the lymphoblastic transformation test increased during the postoperative period, there was a further fall in IgG and IgM increased less in these patients than in those in whom the postoperative course was uncomplicated.

Adult↗