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11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Judgment, 29 January 1988.

The issue before the State Council of France was whether the damages judgment of 20,000 francs set by the lower court for the sterilization (tubal ligation) of the applicant without her consent should be raised. The State Council first noted that the seriousness of the distress suffered by the applicant was mitigated by the possibility of undergoing an operation that would reverse her sterility and by the fact that she had five children. It also noted that the significance of her distress was increased given her young age at the time of the intervention and the mental distress and the family difficulties that she experienced. It increased the damages to 50,000 francs.

Behavior↗
PubMed1988

Judgment, 11 October 1988.

The Supreme Court of France reversed a lower court ruling dismissing the suit of a woman who sought damages resulting from an unauthorized tubal ligation. The ligation had been performed without her consent following a Cesarean Section. The physician contended that, if he had sought her consent prior to the operation, it would have been unreasonable for her to refuse given the risk of a ruptured uterus if she became pregnant again. The Court held that a physician may not operate on a patient without that patient's free and informed consent except in cases of evident necessity or immediate danger. It concluded that neither of these existed here.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1988

Public Law 100-202, Joint Resolution making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 1988, and for other purposes, 22 December 1987.

This US Act provides the following with respect to universal access to child immunization: "The Congress calls upon the President to direct the Agency for International Development, working through the Centers for Disease Control and other appropriate Federal agencies, to work in a global effort to provide enhanced support towards achieving the goal of universal access to childhood immunization by 1990 by 1) assisting in the delivery, distribution, and use of vaccines, including a) the building of locally sustainable systems and technical capacities in developing countries to reach, by the appropriate age, not less than 80% of their annually projected target population with the full schedule of required immunizations and b) the development of a sufficient network of indigenous professionals and institutions with responsibility for developing, monitoring, and assessing immunization program and continually adapting strategies to reach the goal of preventing immunizable diseases and 2) performing, supporting, and encouraging research and development activities, in both the public and the private sector, that will be targeted at developing new vaccines and at modifying and improving existing vaccines to make them more appropriate for use in developing countries. In support of this global effort, the President should appeal to the people of the US and the US private sector to support public and private efforts to provide the resources necessary to achieve universal access to childhood immunization by 1990." The Act also does the following with respect to various forms of bilateral assistance: 1) prohibits the use of funds for an organization or program that supports coercive abortion or involuntary sterilization; 2) prohibits the use of funds for the performance of abortion as a method of family planning (FP); 3) provides that in awarding grants for natural FP under section 104 of the Foreign Assistance Act no applicant shall be discriminated against because of such applicant's religious or conscientious commitment to offer only natural FP. In addition, the Act stipulates that with respect to appropriations for the Department of Health and Human Services no funds will be used to perform abortions except where the life of the mother would be endangered if the fetus were carried to term.

Abortion, Induced↗