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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Poloxalene 2930, a hydrophobic surfactant that prevents atherosclerosis, alters composition of rabbit lipoproteins.

Poloxalene 2930, a hydrophobic surfactant, was incorporated into an atherogenic diet at dose levels, 0.5% and 1% of the diet, and fed to rabbits for 10 weeks. Another group received plain atherogenic diet alone and a control group was fed chow. After this period, serum lipoproteins were separated by centrifugation and analyzed. The composition of lipoproteins from rabbits on atherogenic diet was abnormal. The cholesterol: triglyceride ratio of every lipoprotein fraction was significantly increased as was the cholesterol: protein ratio of very low density lipoproteins. Supplementing the diet with Poloxalene 2930 prevented these alterations. In all groups on the atherogenic diet the percentage of apolipoprotein E in VLDL and HDL increased. In the case of Poloxalene-treated rabbits this developed even though serum cholesterol levels were normal or slightly increased. It is concluded that Poloxalene 2930 has a systemic effect on lipoproteins which may contribute to its antiatherogenic action.

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PubMed1984

Effect of surfactant poloxalene 2930 on food intake, lipid absorption, and serum cholesterol in rats.

Effect of hydrophobic surfactant, poloxalene 2930, on lipid absorption was studied in rats. Under acute conditions with surfactant infused intraduodenally with a lipid meal absorbed lipid accumulated abnormally in the enterocytes. This effect was quickly reversed after terminating treatment. Long-term administration of poloxalene given in semipurified diets resulted in changes in food intake, weight gain, fecal fat output, and serum cholesterol concentrations. The composition of the diet used as the vehicle for administration had a considerable effect on these results. When semipurified diets were used, food intake and weight gain were greatest when the dietary fat content was at the highest level. When the surfactant was given in ground chow, food intake was not affected and weight gain was only slightly, but significantly, less than the controls as a result of mild fat malabsorption. It is concluded that poloxalene 2930 affects lipid absorption, food intake, and serum cholesterol concentration but that results of this treatment are considerably affected by dietary factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of surfactants on absorption through membranes III: effects of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate and poloxalene on absorption of a poorly absorbable drug, phenolsulfonphthalein, in rats.

The influence of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate and poloxalene on the GI absorption of phenolsulfonphthalein in the rat was studied. Urinary excretion data after oral administration of the drug to intact rats and loss of the drug from the whole small intestine as a loop were both utilized to assess the effect of the surfactants on absorption. Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate markedly increased the absorption of the drug, and the extent was dependent on the surfactant concentration. Maximum effect was observed at the reported ED50 in rats, of the surfactant as a fecal softener. The mechanism responsible for absorption enhancement seems to be an alteration of the permeability of the intestinal membrane. Micellar complexation between the drug and the surfactant resulted in a lesser increase in absorption at the higher surfactant concentrations. Poloxalene did not increase drug absorption, but higher concentrations caused a decrease in absorption due to micellar entrapments of the drug molecules. The influence of dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate on the peritoneal absorption of the drug was also investigated. Lower doses of the surfactant increased absorption of the drug by altering the membrane permeability. Higher doses decreased absorption due to unavailability of the drug molecules entrapped in the micelles.

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PubMed1967

Poloxalene as an anti-bloat compound and its effect on milk yield and composition.

Poloxalene, a nonionic surfactant, was fed to beef cattle on a legume ration or a high grain ration to observe its effect on bloat. It was also fed to lactating dairy cows to note any effect on yield or composition of milk. Poloxalene was beneficial in the prevention of bloat with both legume and grain rations. It had no effect on per cent fat, protein, solids-not-fat, or yield of milk.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Absorption and excretion of the hydrophobic surfactant, 14C-poloxalene 2930, in the rat.

Absorption and excretion of 14C-Poloxalene 2930 (PX), a nonionic hydrophobic surfactant of large molecular weight, were studied using bile fistula rats. Approximately half of the dose infused intraduodenally was absorbed and some of the absorbed surfactant was excreted in bile. The remainder was excreted in urine. Only trace quantities of the 14C-PX were recovered in liver and carcass at termination of the study. Two studies were also performed with 14C-PX incorporated into the diet. In the first feeding study of 7 days duration, most of the agent was excreted via the gastrointestinal tract within 72 hr of discontinuing treatment. In the second study, rats were fed dietary 14C-PX for 7, 14, or 23 days to determine whether the surfactant continued to accumulate in the body as the test period was extended. Further accumulation did occur between the 7th and 14th days but not when feeding was continued for a total of 23 days. Of the amount of 14C-PX ingested after 23 days of feeding, essentially all was excreted by the end of 7 days after discontinuing treatment. These studies indicate that despite its large molecular weight of about 3,000 some 14C-PX is absorbed. Furthermore, absorbed material is promptly excreted in bile and urine with little retained in body tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Alterations of secretory pattern of intestinal lipoproteins by the benzoyl ester derivative of poloxalene surfactant (BEP).

Hydrophobic surfactant BEP was administered intraduodenally as part of lipid emulsion to rats with cannulated mesenteric lymphatic duct. The effect on the size and composition of intestinal triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLp) was assessed by comparing the results with those obtained during infusion of the lipid emulsion alone. Administration of BEP decreased intestinal capacity to transport triglyceride and cholesterol in large TRLp, SF greater than 2000, and resulted in a significant reduction of total triglyceride in lymph. Non-apoB apolipoproteins decreased significantly in large and increased in small TRLp without appreciable change in total content. Contrary to these findings total apoB protein content increased significantly, primarily due to an increase in small TRLp. Changes in lipid and protein content of apolipoproteins produced by BEP resulted in increased ratios of apolipoproteins to lipids in TRLp. It was therefore concluded that inhibition of lipid transport by BEP was not a result of apolipoprotein deficiency. Discontinuation of BEP administration resulted in a prompt recovery of the intestinal lipid transport system.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Relationship of phosphatidylcholine to hydrophobic surfactant on rat intestinal chylomicron secretion.

Hydrophobic surfactants such as Poloxalene inhibit triglyceride secretion into lymph by enterocytes. The inhibitory effect of these agents on triglyceride secretion is reversed when lipid presented for absorption is exclusively in the form of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and not triglyceride. The present investigation performed in conscious mesenteric lymph fistula rats was designed to determine whether various mixtures of triglyceride and PC given intraduodenally with Poloxalene would also reverse the inhibitory effect of Poloxalene on triglyceride secretion into lymph. A 50-50 mixture of triolein (TO) and PC resulted in normal triglyceride secretion into lymph. However, when the mixture of lipids was 75-25, TO to PC, results for triglyceride recovery in lymph were considerably reduced. The transport rate for triglyceride into lymph was not as depressed, however, as observed for Poloxalene treated rats given lipid for absorption basically in the triglyceride form. Substitution of phosphatidylethanolamine for PC had no beneficial effect on triglyceride secretion in Poloxalene treated rats. It is concluded that PC can reverse the inhibitory effect of Poloxalene on triglyceride secretion into lymph even when considerable amounts of triglyceride along with PC are presented for absorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Hydrophobic surfactant inhibits hypercholesterolemia in pair-fed rabbits on a cholesterol-free, low-fat diet.

Poloxalene, a hydrophobic surfactant, is known to prevent hypercholesterolemia in animals fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet. It has not been demonstrated, however, whether this agent is of benefit when hypercholesterolemia is induced in animals by means other than the feeding of a high-fat diet. In this study, hypercholesterolemia was produced in rabbits by feeding a low-fat, cholesterol-free diet with dietary protein supplied by casein for a period of 8 weeks. Controls were given this diet without poloxalene and experimentals were given the diet with poloxalene. Total serum cholesterol levels increased in both groups, but the rise was greater for the control group. Lipoprotein analysis performed at the conclusion of the study showed significantly greater low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels in the control group as compared to the experimental group. Total protein and apolipoprotein B (apo B) were also greater in control LDL. It was concluded that poloxalene favorably affects this model of hypercholesterolemia as total serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and LDL apo B were all less and the HDL cholesterol to LDL cholesterol ratio was higher in surfactant-treated rabbits.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Hydrophobic surfactant treatment prevents atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

The hypocholesterolemic effect of the hydrophobic surfactant, poloxalene 2930, was studied in the rabbit to determine whether this agent prevents experimentally produced atherosclerosis. Male rabbits were divided into four groups and fed a control diet (group A) or an atherogenic diet (groups B, C, and D) for 10 wk. Diets of groups C and D were supplemented with 0.5 and 1% poloxalene 2930, respectively. Animals in group B developed significantly greater levels of cholesterol in the serum and aorta compared with group A. Addition of poloxalene 2930 to the diets of groups C and D prevented significant elevations in cholesterol concentrations of both serum and aorta compared with group B with values for group D being essentially similar to those observed in group A. Groups C and D also had significant increases of fecal excretion of both neutral fat and neutral steroids as compared with either groups A or B. There were no atherosclerotic lesions of the aortas from group D. Aortas from rabbits in group B had numerous atheromatous plaques while one rabbit each from groups A and C had several very small atheromatous lesions. These results demonstrate that poloxalene 2930 reduces the rise of serum cholesterol in rabbits in response to an atherogenic diet and prevents the development of atherosclerosis. This hypocholesterolemic effect is likely mediated by the effect of this surfactant on the small intestine.

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