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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus on weed plants.

Oyster mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.:Fr.) Kumm. ITCC 3308 (collected from Indian Type Culture Collection, IARI, New Delhi, India, 110012) was grown on dry weed plants, Leonotis sp, Sida acuta, Parthenium argentatum, Ageratum conyzoides, Cassia sophera, Tephrosia purpurea and Lantana camara. Leonotis sp. was the best substrate in fruit body production of P. ostreatus when it was mixed with rice straw (1:1, wet wt/wet wt) for mushroom cultivation. The fruiting time for P. ostreatus was also less on Leonotis sp. than on any other weed substrates tested in the present investigation. T. purpurea was the least suited weed for oyster mushroom cultivation. The main problem of oyster mushroom cultivation on weed substrates was found to be low yield in the second flush that could be overcome by blending weed plants with rice straw. The protein contents of the fruit bodies obtained from Cassia sophera, Parthenium argentatum and Leonotis sp. were not only better than rice straw but also from the rice straw supplemented weeds.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2005

Identification of weed plants excluding the uptake of heavy metals.

Using the field pot-culture and sample-analysis method, 54 weed species belonging to 20 families and 31 weed species belonging to 17 families were systematically examined as to whether they can exclude the uptake of heavy metals. After a systematic identification, it was determined that Oenothera biennis and Commelina communis were Cd-excluders and Taraxacum mongolicum was a Zn-excluder. O. biennis is a potential Cd-excluder, but also a potential Cu-excluder. The research raises the possibility of making a major breakthrough in the application of metal excluders for safe agro-production in the future.

Cadmium↗
PubMed2005

Studies of VA-Mycorrhizal fungi associated with some weed plants in sugar mill effluent soils.

This study is to isolate the effluent strain of VAM fungi from polluted soils of sugar mill effluents. Analysis showed that pH and EC was more but the organic matter is less when compared to non-polluted soils. Even though there was low P content that enhances the mycorrhizal infection, the percent of root colonization was less than 75% in polluted study site. The number of VAM propagules and its distribution were also greatly affected due to various factors. Nine different VAM species were isolated and identified from the polluted study site. Using Allium cepa L. as the host plant the efficiency of the native effluent tolerant strains of VAM fungi isolated from the polluted study site was determined. Highest growth rate, high dry weight of gram per plant and increased growth was observed in the order of Glomus intraradices followed by Gigaspora margarita and Glomus fasciculatum. Consequence of the study clearly showed that Glomus intraradices was the efficient strain in sugar mill effluent polluted areas.

Allium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Species composition of Fusarium Link et Fr. fungal genera affecting agricultural plants and weeds in Uzbekistan].

Phytopathogenic fungi of the Fusarium genus are represented on the agricultural plants and weeds by 17 species and 10 subspecies from the sections Roseum, Discolor, Sporotrichiella, Elegans, Martiella, Arachniotes in Uzbekistan. As to their occurrence frequency F. javanicum, F. lateritium, F. solani, F. oxysporum, F. heterosporum, F. moniliforme, F. gibbosum species are dominating ones. F. merismoides, F. redolens, F. nivale species occurred often F. sporotichiella, F. semitectum, F. culmorum, F. bucharicum, F. graminearum, F. avenaceum species occurred rarely. It was shown that the Fusarium species were more numerous in the central and southern regions of Uzbekistan than in the northern region.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2005

[The frequency of pollen allergy at the population of Sarajevo region during the 2002 year].

The frequency of pollen alergy in the sample of population of Sarajevo region during the 2002 year has been investigated. The age and gender population has been different. For determination of allergy has been use of standard test carryed out in the respective laboratories of Clinical center of University of Sarajevo. The testing has been on the pollen of weed plant species and grass (graminejae) pollen. In the mixture of pollen weed plant species have been following plants: Plantago lanceolata L., Chenopodium album L., Solidago gigantea L., Artemisia vulgaris L. and Urtica dioica. 589 have been tested patients by mixture of pollen mentioned plant species and found 115 as a sensitive on pollen alergy; 65 male and 50 females. Even 61 are children to 14 years, or 53% of total sick patients. The origin of grass pollen is no determined by taxonimicly, but on the base of phenophase of grasses from this area it is possible determine potential allergenic species: Dactylis glomerata, Cynosusrus cristatus, Alopecurus pratensis, Phleum pratnse, vrstama rodova Bromus, Hordeum, Festuca and Poa. 116 pateints have been identified as sensitive on pollen alergy; 49 male and 65 females. The highest proportion of sick people have been in correlation with pollination of allergenic plants in this area.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The sensitizing capacity of Compositae plants. VI. Guinea pig sensitization experiments with ornamental plants and weeds using different methods.

Experimental studies in guinea pigs using ether extracts of 20 different species of the Compositae plant family were carried out with the open epicutaneous method (OET) and the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT). The results demonstrate that Cnicus benedictus (blessed thistle), Chrysanthemum leucanthemum (marguerite, ox-eye daisy) and Helianthus debilis (dwarf sunflower) are strong sensitizers while Helenium amarum (bitterweed), Gaillardia amblyodon (blanket flower), Artemisia ludoviciana (prairie sage), Ambrosia trifida (giant ragweed) and Solidago virgaurea (goldenrod) are medium sensitizers. Twelfe species revealed only a weak or no sensitizing capacity; among those were corn flower, wormwood, mugwort, coltsfoot and dandelion. Cross-reactivities were observed in a considerable number of the investigated plant species. The sensitizing power as well as the observed cross-reactions depend on the occurrence of sesquiterpene lactones which have an alpha-methylene group exocyclic to the lactone in common ("immunologic requisite"). As a practical consequence, patients suffering from allergic contact dermatitis due to Compositae species are strictly requested to avoid contact with the offending species and all related species to prevent recurrences of their skin lesions.

Allergens↗
PubMed2006

Strigolactones: chemical signals for fungal symbionts and parasitic weeds in plant roots.

AIMS: Arbuscular mycorrhizae are formed between >80 % of land plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. This Botanical Briefing highlights the chemical identification of strigolactones as a host-recognition signal for AM fungi, and their role in the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizae as well as in the seed germination of parasitic weeds. SCOPE: Hyphal branching has long been described as the first morphological event in host recognition by AM fungi during the pre-infection stages. Host roots release signalling molecules called 'branching factors' that induce extensive hyphal branching in AM fungi. Strigolactones exuded from host roots have recently been identified as an inducer of hyphal branching in AM fungi. Strigolactones are a group of sesquiterpenes, previously isolated as seed germination stimulants for the parasitic weeds Striga and Orobanche. Parasitic weeds might find their potential hosts by detecting strigolactones, which are released from plant roots upon phosphate deficiency in communication with AM fungi. In addition to acting as a signalling molecule, strigolactones might stimulate the production of fungal symbiotic signals called 'Myc factors' in AM fungi. CONCLUSIONS: Isolation and identification of plant symbiotic signals open up new ways for studying the molecular basis of plant-AM-fungus interactions. This discovery provides a clear answer to a long-standing question in parasitic plant biology: what is the natural role for germination stimulants? It could also provide a new strategy for the management and control of beneficial fungal symbionts and of devastating parasitic weeds in agriculture and natural ecosystems.

Germination↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Genetic and physiological compatibility of different forms of stem eelworms. VI. The crossing of eelworms from cultivated plants and weeds].

The crossing of stem eelworms of onion and red clover with these from Cirsium setosum and Taraxacum officinale resulted in the fertilization of females, egglaying and embriogenesis. However, the hybrid eggs died, as a rule. Only in one experiment a large population developed up to F5 but few hybrids survived to F10. The studied stem eelworms of weeds are genetically non-compatible with Ditylenchus dipsaci of onion and red clover and are distinct species.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Jimson weed toxicity: management of anticholinergic plant ingestion.

Jimson weed is a hallucinogenic plant that is common in rural areas. Consumption of any part of the plant can result in severe anticholinergic toxicity. The clinical presentation of jimson weed toxicity is similar to that seen in cases of atropine poisoning. Treatment is aimed at removing plant material from the gastrointestinal tract, keeping the patient safe and reversing severe anticholinergic sequelae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Population structure in the spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) from Crete based on multiple allozymes.

The polymorphism of four isozymes was studied on single females of Tetranychus urticae from Crete (Greece), using an isoelectric focusing technique. Genetic differentiation was found to be correlated with distance but not with the species of colonized host-plants. Thus no differentiation was observed between samples collected on citrus trees, tomato, pumpkin, okra or weed plants located within a 50 m(2) area, showing that at this geographical scale T. urticae populations are panmictic. In contrast, samples from plants at 150 m or more from one another displayed a significant genetic differentiation. These results are discussed in relation to the known pattern of migration in the species.

Journal Article↗