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Results for “Placenta Previa”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Characteristics of patients with placenta previa and results of "expectant management".

To determine the differences between pregnancies complicated by placenta previa and those without placenta previa, the characteristics of 31,070 consecutive deliveries at one institution were analyzed. The philosophy of "expectant management" of the premature fetus and frequent use of cesarean section was utilized in the 185 patients with placenta previa. A higher proportion of these patients were multiparous, were older, had had previous abortions, and were carrying a male fetus or twins. The fetal and placental weights in these patients were similar to those in other patients throughout pregnancy. Rates of prematurity, antepartum and intrapartum fetal death, neonatal death, congenital abnormality, and low Apgar scores were higher among patients with placenta previa. Data were compiled in a manner that allows the obstetrician to: (1) evaluate the fetal weight and expected fetal growth; (2) estimate the probability that his patient will deliver prematurely and will deliver within the next one-, two-, or four-week interval; (3) determine the relative risks to the fetus prior to labor, during labor, and in the neonatal period at each stage of gestation.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1979

Natural history of placenta previa ascertained by diagnostic ultrasound.

Placental localization by diagnostic ultrasound was performed at 16 to 18 weeks' gestation in 1,098 patients prior to amniocentesis for genetic indications. Placenta previa was diagnosed in 58 patients, 47 of whom went on to delivery uncomplicated by placenta previa. There were five patients with placenta previa at delivery, four of whom had third-trimester bleeding. One patient was diagnosed as having a normal placental implantation at midtrimester but placenta previa was demonstrated at delivery. The incidence of placenta previa at 16 to 18 weeks' was 5.3% and fell to 0.58% at delivery, indicating a 90% conversion rate. Thus the vast majority of cases of asymptomatic placenta previa remain so and convert before delivery. These patients should be observed with serial ultrasound at 6 to 8 week intervals until delivery or unequivocal conversion. No restriction in activity seems indicated unless the placenta previa persists beyond 30 weeks or becomes clinically manifest.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

False placenta previa: a clinical observation.

A misleading appearance of placenta previa was observed in three sonographic examinations of pregnant women. In these women the fetuses were in a transverse lie and the placentas were implanted on the anterior uterine wall. In these circumstances it appears possible for the lower anterior portion of the uterine wall and the attached portion of the placenta to falsely simulate placenta previa.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Migrating placenta previa.

A case of third trimester bleeding from placenta previa is presented in which serial ultrasonograms were obtained from the 30th to the 36th gestational week and confirmed by isotopic scanning. Evidence is presented showing a migration of a placenta previa marginalis away from the cervical os followed by vaginal delivery at term. The concept and mechanism of placental migration are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Second trimester placenta previa. An apparently normal placentation.

Placental positions in 214 patients scheduled for genetic amniocentesis were reviewed. Forty-five percent were found to have ultrasound findings of a low-lying placenta or partial or total placenta previa. At term, none of these patients required intervention for bleeding or placenta previa. Parity of 4 or more, but not age, correlated with an increased incidence of partial or total placenta previa, but not with a low-lying placenta. Low-lying placenta or placenta previa may be a normal variant in early pregnancy, suggesting that failure of the placenta to relinquish this position can result in an abnormally implanted placenta at term.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Early diagnosis of placenta previa.

Ultrasound was used as a diagnostic tool in 859 patients for the localization of the placenta in the second trimester prior to genetic amniocentesis. A greater incidence of total placenta previa was found in the study group (5.6%) than is reported for the general population (0.25-0.5%). Maternal age greater than 35 years was the indication or co-factor in 59% of the patients studied, which might explain this difference. It was possible to predict total placenta previa at term early in the second trimester. It was demonstrated that if a placenta was located centrally over the cervical os and did not change position with variations in the degree of bladder-filling or changes in uterine position, the risk of having a total placenta previa at term increased from 1/143 to 1/8 pregnancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Midtrimester placenta previa: normal or pathologic finding.

During the years 1974-1977 ultrasonic placentography demonstrated midtrimester placenta previa (MTPP) in 123 women. The procedure was performed because of vaginal bleeding in 65 cases and prior to amniocentesis in 58 asymptomatic cases. Eighty-eight patients were found to have grade I placenta previa (PP), 12 to have grade II, 14 to have grade III, and 9 patients to have grade IV PP. These different variants of PP were correlated with the ultimate outcome of these pregnancies: Bleeding due to PP or PP at term were reasons for cesarean section in 4 cases of grade I PP, in 2 cases of grade II, in 7 cases of grade III, and in 7 out of 9 cases of grade IV PP. Among those patients who had grades III and IV PP, 13 out of 23 had premature or immature deliveries. These results suggest that finding of MTPP, especially symptomatic MTPP, should alert the physician to the clinical significance of PP later in pregnancy.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1977

[Spontaneous vaginal delivery in a case of total placenta previa (author's transl)].

In a 26 year old gravida 2, Para O, Aborta 1, a total placenta previa was diagnosed at 30 weeks gestation in an ultrasound tomogram. A repeat ultrasound examination 9 weeks later showed no more placenta previa in front of the cervix. This was at first interpreted as a change in the site of the placenta during the pregnancy. During the spontaneous labour the contractions, fetal heart rate and the intermittent scalp pH were monitored. A spontaneous vertex presentation delivery of a normal infant through the placenta resulted. Microscopic examination of the placenta showed a central defect with wide marginal infarcts probably due to compression atrophy by the presenting part.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Placenta previa. Predisposing factors and effects on the fetus and surviving infants.

The pathogenesis of placenta previa was analyzed in a large prospective study that included more than 1000 medical, demographic, hereditary, and postmortem variables. It caused 73 perinatal deaths per 100,000 births. The frequency of the deaths increased with short maternal stature, increasing parity, prior preterm deliveries, and prior perinatal deaths. More male infants died than females. Placentas showed diffuse hyperplastic enlargement of terminal villi, marginal decidual necrosis, and marginal thrombi. These abnormalities were likely related to blood loss and abruption. Both the infants who died and those who survived had a pattern of fetal growth retardation characteristic of undernutrition. Long-term physical growth and psychomotor development were normal in the surviving infants except for a small excess of neurologic abnormalities.

Child Development↗
PubMed1977

Extra-amniotic blood clot simulating placenta previa on ultrasound scan.

The ultrasonic appearance of extra-amniotic blood clot simulating placenta previa is presented. The single case presented is the most illustrative and best documented example of this phenomenon in a series of 10 patients. The ultrasonic characteristics of this phenomenon are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Placenta previa and preeclampsia complicating the management of renal transplant patients.

Presented are three patients who have delivered full-term normal infants after renal transplants from living related donors. One patient had a placenta previa with excessive vaginal hemorrhage. Another patient manifested preeclampsia. Management of these and other complications should be aggressive and thorough with special precautions taken to preserve graft function. In our patients, pregnancy was not harmful to the renal transplant. No fetal complications from immunosuppressive drugs were noted and the patients' dosage requirements did not change. Counseling regarding family planning is essential in patients with renal transplant.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Placenta previa.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗
PubMed1975

[Severe respiratory distress with stubborn hypoxemia in newborn infants whose mothers had had placenta previa].

The study of 16 newborn of birthweight less than or equal to 2,200 g characterized by a common point: the presence of PLACENTA PRAEVIA IN THE MOTHER, enabled us to come to grips with the severe respiratory distress that these newborn can have. From the clinical standpoint: there is always early respiratory distress. From the radiological standpoint: by far the most dominant pathology was interstitial edema, giving rise to a WET LUNG. From the biochemical standpoint: the blood gases were characterized in a certain number of cases by hypoxemia which was refractory to the usual forms of treatment. From the mechanical standpoint: measurements carried out in 4 patients confirmed the extraordinary fall in these patients' compliance. The clinical, radiological, blood gas and mechanical analysis enabled one to differenciate 2 main types of indications for artificial ventilation: -- acute hypoxemia, -- the idea of an increased need for oxygen. In these 2 types of indications for artificial ventilation, it was apparent that the treatment of choice is constant positive pressure which may or may not be combined with intermittent positive pressure. With this treatment technique, none of the patients progressed to massive atelectasis. It can be said that with the advent of techniques of ventilation by high pressure combining IPP with CPP, one has definitively eliminated from this pathological picture, the principal cause of death: --anoxia due to massive alveolar collapse.

Female↗