Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Peritonitis, Tuberculous”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A young male patient with persistent fever due to tuberculous peritonitis.

Tuberculous peritonitis is an uncommon disease in Hong Kong. We report a case of tuberculous peritonitis in a young male. The patient presented with persistent fever and intermittent cough for 1 month, but had no gastrointestinal symptoms. It was only through detection of slight abdominal ascites that subsequent abdominal paracentesis and laparoscopic biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Appropriate antituberculous treatment was prescribed. Progress was complicated by persistent fever and liver function derangement, successfully managed by careful titration of antituberculous medications.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Tuberculous peritonitis.

Tuberculous peritonitis is an uncommon disorder and is often not considered on initial evaluation of ascites. A negative 5-TU PPD test, a normal chest roentgenogram, or a low level of ascitic fluid protein may erroneously direct attention away from tuberculosis. Failure to thoroughly evaluate nonmalignant exudative ascites, especially in alcoholics, is a common diagnostic pitfall. TB peritonitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis in every patient who presents with ascites, fever, and abdominal pain, particularly when alcoholism, a lung lesion, weight loss, or cirrhosis is also present. Percutaneous needle biopsy of peritoneum, followed by peritoneoscopy if necessary, may preclude the need for laparotomy. Antituberculous drugs, when conscientiously taken, afford a rapid response with a cure in most patients. Case material on four patients is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Exploratory laparotomy for diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis.

Tuberculous (TB) peritonitis is uncommon but may present at any age and socioeconomic group. We reviewed 14 patients with TB peritonitis diagnosed during a five year period (six were white and eight, Pacific Islanders). The mean age was 31 years (a range of three to 69 years). Symptoms, signs and laboratory and roentgenologic studies were not specific. Peritoneal tap and laparoscopic procedures gave positive results of Mycobacterium tuberculi in four of seven patients. Diagnosis was not suspected in two patients until autopsy. TB peritonitis was confirmed at exploratory laparotomy in the other eight patients. Several common misconceptions about TB peritonitis have been discussed and refuted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Indication for peritoneal biopsy in tuberculous peritonitis.

BACKGROUND: With the introduction of effective antituberculous chemotherapy, the clinical outcome of tuberculous peritonitis depends much on the diagnostic accuracy of this disease entity. This review summarizes the current state-of-the-art thinking regarding the protean manifestation and diagnostic modalities of this major infectious disease. DATA SOURCES: This review was compiled after an extensive search of the current and historical literature, comprising 1,070 cases of tuberculous peritonitis. A number of important areas were highlighted, with emphasis on the diagnostic value and clinical impact of peritoneal biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: We believe an aggressive diagnostic approach, particularly with peritoneal biopsy, is warranted for the diagnosis and timely treatment of tuberculous peritonitis.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1991

[Diagnostic value of fibrolaparoscopy and direct-vision peritoneal biopsy in atypical tuberculous peritonitis].

Fifty-three cases of atypical tuberculous peritonitis were diagnosed by Machida FLA-8 fibrolaparoscope and direct-vision peritoneal biopsy in our hospital during the last few years. The misdiagnosis rate of this disease is very high. The rate of accurate clinical diagnosis was only 39.6% in patients of this study, while 60.4% was misdiagnosed as other diseases, such as cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, hepatic carcinoma ovarian cyst etc. In addition, many patients with other diseases were misdiagnosed as tuberculous peritonitis by clinical consideration, for instance, 56 cases who were diagnosed or doubted as tuberculous peritonitis by clinical consideration were diagnosed as other diseases by laparoscopy and liver and peritoneal biopsy under direct-vision. Among them chronic hepatitis accounted for 32 cases, peritoneal carcinoma 11 cases, cirrhosis 7 cases, normal peritoneum, liver, gall bladder and spleen 6 cases. Therefore, the patient who is presumptively diagnosed as tuberculous peritonitis by clinical consideration should have laparoscopy and direct-vision peritoneal biopsy performed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Peritoneal dialysis-associated tuberculous peritonitis in an intravenous drug user with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

A rare case of tuberculous peritonitis in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patient who has multiple risk factors for extrapulmonary disease due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is presented. This patient' acute course was atypical with a predominance of neutrophils and low levels of protein in the peritoneal fluid. Obtaining the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis by acid-fast smear was also unusual, probably facilitated by centrifugation of large amounts of fluid. The patient was successfully treated without catheter removal. Tuberculosis should be considered in patients with culture-negative CAPD peritonitis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tuberculous peritonitis: ultrasonic diagnosis.

Tuberculous peritonitis is an uncommon manifestation of tuberculosis and specific radiologic features of it have not been defined. The diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis has been made prospectively in 4 patients with sonography. The findings included free ascites; multiple, fine, delicate septations and incomplete mobile strands of fibrin; peritoneal thickening and nodularity. In the differential diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis, peritoneal carsinomatosis, peritoneal mesothelioma, pyogenic peritonitis, and hemoperitoneum should be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Tuberculous peritonitis in pregnancy.

Tuberculous peritonitis in pregnancy is one of the least common forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in pregnancy. The case is described herein of a 23-year-old primigravida woman with primary tuberculous peritonitis in pregnancy at 24 weeks' gestation. Excisional biopsy taken from the peritoneum during laparotomy resulted in the histopathologic diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis. The patient made a good physical recovery after being placed on antituberculous chemotherapy and gave birth to a healthy male neonate of 2.5 kg at 37 weeks' gestation by vaginal delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Ascitic fluid adenosine deaminase insensitivity in detecting tuberculous peritonitis in the United States.

Tuberculous peritonitis, although common in Third World countries, remains an uncommon cause of ascites in the United States. Ascitic fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity has been proposed as a useful diagnostic test. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the clinical utility of ascitic fluid ADA activity in diagnosing tuberculous peritonitis in a U.S. patient population. A total of 368 ascitic fluid specimens from a well-characterized ascitic fluid bank, including tuberculous peritonitis (n = 7), tuberculous peritonitis in the setting of cirrhosis (n = 10), and consecutive specimens of widely varied etiologies (n = 351) were analyzed for ADA activity by ultraviolet spectrophotometry at 265 nm. The overall sensitivity of the ADA determination in diagnosing tuberculous peritonitis was only 58.8%, and the specificity was 95.4%. The accuracy of ADA determination (93.8%) compared favorably with that of the common ascitic fluid tests of white blood cell (WBC) count (>500/mm3), total protein (>2.5 g/dL), and combined WBC count and total protein (45.8%, 74.4%, and 81.3%, respectively). However, ADA was only 30% sensitive in detecting tuberculous peritonitis in the setting of cirrhosis, and cirrhosis was present in 59% of the tuberculous peritonitis patients in our population. In addition, malignancy-related ascites (13%) and bacterial peritonitis specimens (5.8%) occasionally yielded false-positive results. In conclusion, our results indicate that the ascitic fluid ADA activity has good accuracy but poor sensitivity and imperfect specificity in a U.S. patient population in which the prevalence of tuberculosis is low and underlying cirrhosis is common.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1986

Tuberculous peritonitis in Lesotho.

Tuberculous peritonitis, although a common cause of ascites in Africa, previously was rarely diagnosed in Lesotho. We evaluated prospectively 105 consecutive patients admitted with ascites: tuberculosis accounted for 42% of the cases. Clinical differentiation from other causes of ascites proved to be difficult: signs and symptoms commonly associated with this disease were non-specific and often absent. The majority of our patients were elderly, male and alcoholic. Mortality was 26% despite treatment, and was highest among the aged and those who abused alcohol.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Abnormal 67Ga-citrate scan of the abdomen in tuberculous peritonitis: case report.

Tuberculous peritonitis in a 34-year-old alcoholic man was associated with an abnormal 67Ga-citrate scan of the abdomen. Repeated studies after thorough bowel cleansing revealed no change in the site and shape of the abnormality for 2--5 days after injection of the tracer. The inflammatory process may have been responsible for the abnormal scan.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Elusive diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis.

Four patients with tuberculous peritonitis were diagnosed at our hospital in one year. In two patients it was only after surgery for iatrogenic bowel perforation that the diagnosis was made. The difficulty in recognizing this illness in those patients prompted a review of cases in Arkansas over the past nine years. A total of 27 cases have been documented; in 14 the diagnosis was made after considerable delay or during surgery for another diagnosis. Tuberculous peritonitis should be considered in any patient with ascites and chronic abdominal pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Intestinal tuberculosis and tuberculous peritonitis].

Gastrointestinal tuberculosis and tuberculous peritonitis are still considered a rare disease in Japan. A high index of suspicion must be maintained to make an exact diagnosis. It also must be kept in mind that little evidence of active or healed tuberculosis is detectable on chest x-ray. The jejunoileum and ileocecum are most commonly affected in the gastrointestinal tuberculosis. Abdominal pain and abdominal tenderness are present in most patients. An abdominal mass is often palpable in the right lower quadrant. The most valuable diagnostic study is colonoscopy with biopsies. In tuberculous peritonitis, an abdominal swelling is the most common symptom. Laparoscopy with directed biopsy is an excellent study for diagnosis. The levels of ascites adenosine deaminase are also useful for diagnosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Tuberculous peritonitis.

Two patients with tuberculous peritonitis are described to exemplify some of the diagnostic problems that may be encountered in this rare disease. Both presented with fever, abdominal pain and a deterioration in their general condition. In both cases Ziehl-Neelsen staining and animal inoculation were negative. In the first patient, who underwent repeated hospitalization and investigation, the diagnosis was established following a therapeutic trial with antituberculous drugs administered after unsuccessful treatment of a cecocutaneous fistula that developed after drainage of a periappendicular abscess and appendectomy. In the second patient, the diagnosis was confirmed at laparatomy. Since bacteriological studies often fail to render a positive diagnosis, it is suggested that the clinical picture together with a histological finding compatible with tuberculous peritonitis should be sufficient for diagnosis and the institution of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Complement and immunoglobulin levels in serum and ascitic fluid of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, malignant ascites, and tuberculous peritonitis.

BACKGROUND: We determined complement and immunoglobulin levels in ascitic fluid and serum of 47 patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, malignant ascites, or tuberculous ascites. METHODS: Paracentesis was done to confirm the underlying cause of ascites. Biochemical, hematologic, and microbiologic investigations were also done. RESULTS: The highest serum and ascitic fluid C3 and C4 levels and ascitic fluid IgM, IgA, and IgG levels were found in patients with tuberculosis. Ascitic fluid C3 level was found to be higher in the tuberculous group than in the patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis or malignant ascites. Ascitic fluid C4 levels were higher in patients with tuberculosis than in those with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. CONCLUSION: We believe that further studies of the in vivo kinetics of immunoglobulins and complement in ascitic fluid of various causes are necessary for a better understanding of the host defense mechanisms of these fluids.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

[A case of tuberculous peritonitis diagnosed by ultrasonography-guide peritoneal biopsy].

The diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis is quite difficult because the symptoms are not specific for the disease and the incidence of occurrence are relatively rare. We report a case of tuberculous peritonitis diagnosed by ultrasonography-guided peritoneal biopsy. A 64-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of fever, dyspnea and abdominal pain. Laboratory findings revealed an elevated ESR (53 mm/1 hr.) and positive CRP. The tuberculin skin test was negative. The chest radiograph revealed bilateral pleural effusion. Abdominal ultrasonographic examination and computed tomography showed ascitic fluid, thickening of the mesentery and peritoneum, and inflammatory pseudotumor of the omentum. Ascitic fluid was exudate with a high lymphocyte count and elevated ADA (184 IU/l). Microbiological studies with the fluid were negative. Peritoneal biopsy guided by ultrasonography was performed, and the specimens showed central caseous necrosis surrounded by epitheloid cells and acid-fast bacilli were demonstrated. The size of the pseudotumor, pleural effusion and ascites decreased after antituberculous chemotherapy with corticosteroid was given. Diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis has often been made by laparotomy or laparoscopy. In a case of this kind, percutaneous peritoneal biopsy guided by ultrasonography is safe and useful.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2003

Tuberculous peritonitis in an endemic area.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculous peritonitis is a fatal disease if not diagnosed in time. AIMS: To identify the clinical, laboratory, and diagnostic features of tuberculous peritonitis in Iranian patients. PATIENTS: Included in the study were all cases of tuberculous peritonitis with a definite diagnosis confirmed by pathology in four referral University Hospitals in Tehran between 1989 and 1999. METHODS: All clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings as well as invasive procedures were reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 50 patients (30 female, 20 male), mean age 33.5 years were studied. Main presenting symptoms included abdominal pain (84%), weight loss (72%) and fever (50%). In 24% of patients a positive tuberculin test was found. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate >50 mm/h was detected in 60% of patients and 4.4% had an Erythrocyte sedimentation rate >100 mm/h. Laparoscopy or laparotomy showed peritoneal seeding in 74% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Exudative ascites should give rise to clinical suspicion of tuberculous peritonitis in endemic areas or in immigrants from endemic areas. Laparoscopy is the most sensitive and specific diagnostic method.

Adolescent↗