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Results for “Periapical Diseases”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Differential expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors in inflammatory periapical diseases.

BACKGROUND: Periapical lesions are thought to be the result of a local inflammatory response mediated by inflammatory cell infiltration and production of inflammatory mediators. Although chemokines are strongly implicated in the migration and activation of leukocytes in different inflammatory diseases and experimental models, little is known regarding the expression of chemokines and their receptors in human apical periodontitis. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: The objective of this study was to determine the expression of chemokines and their receptors by real-time polymerase chain reaction in samples obtained from healthy gingiva, periapical granulomas, and inflammatory periradicular cysts. The inflammatory infiltrate was characterized by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Comparing cysts and granulomas, an increase in CD4+ and CD8+ cells was observed in granulomas, despite the similar numbers of CD45RO-positive cells detected in both lesions. The analysis of mRNA expression revealed increased levels of CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, CXCR1, and CXCR3 in both types of lesion compared with controls. Cysts exhibited a higher expression of CCR3, CCR5, CXCR1, and CXCR3 compared to granulomas. A significantly higher expression of RANTES, IP-10, and MCP-1 was detected in cysts compared with controls or granulomas. The expression of interleukin-8, MIP-1alpha, and MIP-1beta was not different in the three experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in Th1 type (CCR1, CCR5, and CXCR3) and Th2 type (CCR2 and CCR3) receptors in both periapical lesions suggests the concomitant occurrence of Th1 and Th2 responses. Furthermore, the prevalent expression of the receptors CCR3, CCR5, CXCR1, and CXCR3 and of the chemokines RANTES, IP-10, and MCP-1 in cysts may point to a role in the progression of granulomas to cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Periapical diseases: spectrum and differentiating features.

There are a variety of lesions besides the typical granulomas and cysts that can appear at the apices of teeth. These other lesions must receive consideration in the diagnosis of periapical disease because of their potential impact on patient treatment and outcome. This paper will review the spectrum of diseases that may present in periapical tissues, the pathogenesis, of periapical inflammatory disease, and the signs and symptoms that separate periapical inflammatory disease from neoplastic disease.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1994

[Discussion of the treatment of Formocresol (FC-ZOE) and Glutaradehyde (GA-ZOE) for pulpitis and periapical disease on primary teeth]

This study was discussed of the treatment of FC-ZOE and GA-ZOE for pulpitis and periapical disease on primary teeth.The post-operation observation was from 18 to 24 months.The result demostrated that the treatment for pulpitis is good,but for periapical disease is not satisfying. Ga-ZOE is effective as a fixing agent of devitalization for gangrenous root canal,and it was ineffective as an aseptic agent for infective root canal.FC-ZOE was disadvantage as a filling agent of root canal.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2004

Assessing restored teeth with pulp and periapical diseases for the presence of cracks, caries and marginal breakdown.

BACKGROUND: To determine whether clinical examinations and periapical radiographs provide sufficient information to assess the cause of pulp and periapical diseases, the status of teeth when restored and their further treatment needs. Other aims were to determine whether restorations should be removed prior to commencing endodontic treatment, and whether the type and longevity of restorations were related to the presence of disease. METHODS: Information was collected regarding 245 restored teeth from 220 consecutive patients referred for endodontic treatment. Teeth were examined before and after the restorations were removed and the findings were compared. RESULTS: Pre-operative examination revealed 47 (19.2 per cent) teeth had caries, 57 (23.3 per cent) had cracks and 96 (39.2 per cent) had marginal breakdown. After restoration removal, the figures were 211 (86.1 per cent), 147 (60 per cent), and 244 (99.6 per cent) respectively. Almost all teeth (93 per cent) had more than one of these factors and periapical radiographs were unreliable indicators of their presence. There was only a 56.1 per cent chance (with 95 per cent Confidence Interval) of finding caries, cracks or marginal breakdown prior to restoration removal. Composite resins were more often associated with early onset and rapid progression of pulp diseases. CONCLUSIONS: All restorations should be removed prior to endodontic treatment in order to remove the common factors that may have caused the pulp and periapical disease, and to assess the tooth's prognosis and future treatment needs.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1982

Humoral antibodies to anaerobic bacteria isolated from patients with pulpal-periapical disease.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine if anaerobic bacteria isolated from pulpal-periapical infections elicit a humoral immune response in the host. Results indicated that patients with pulp and periapical disease do not have significantly raised levels of IgG or IgM in their serum and that in the acute sera the precipitin antibody titer to the anaerobic bacteria was significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group. However, there was no significant difference in antibody titer for the convalescent sera in the patient and control groups or the acute and convalescent sera for the patient group.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed2004

Aetiology, classification and pathogenesis of pulp and periapical disease.

At present, the majority of the treatments that are performed in the clinic are due to disease entities involving the dental pulp and periapex. Dental pulp is a richly vascularized and innervated tissue, enclosed by surrounding tissues that are incapable of expanding, such as dentin. It has terminal blood flow and small-gauge circulatory access the periapex. All of these characteristics severely constrain the defensive capacity of the pulp tissue when faced with the different aggressions it may be subjected to. Pulp tissue can also be affected by a retrograde infection, arising from the secondary canaliculi, from the periodontal ligament or from the apex during the course of periodontitis. Due to the fact that periapical disease is almost inevitably preceded by pulp disease, we shall begin by describing the causes of pulp disease and will then proceed to a discussion of the causes of periapical disease. The course of illness and classification of these pathological entities will depend on the aetiology involved. We will analyse pulp necrosis and pulp degeneration that are capable of triggering reversible apical periodontitis or irreversible apical periodontitis.

Dental Pulp Necrosis↗
PubMed2005

[Animal experimental study of the treatment of periapical disease with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 composite].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the treatment of periapical diseases with recombinant human netic protein (rhBMP-2) composite in dog models so as to provide basis for its clinical application. METHODS: The endotoxin-bacteria mixed fluid was injected into each root canal of the experimental teeth of dogs and the animal periapical were built. The rhBMP-2 composite was mixed by rhBMP-2, TCP, collagen and metronidazole and used in the treatment cal diseases in dog models as root apex screen. The imageology and pathology research were went on. RESULTS: The effective rate of the experimental group was remarkably higher than that of the carrier group and the control group with remarkable ference (P < 0.05). The quality of the repair of tissue was obviously better than the two other groups. CONCLUSION: The rhBMP-2 composite is a promising biological root-canal filling material.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Mechanisms of bone repairment in periapical diseases: studies on adjusting bone metabolism with calcium hydroxide in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To provide experiment evidence for clinical practice and for further exploration on mechanism and medicinal control of periapical diseases. METHODS: The culture model of neonatal mouse calvariae which has the similar biological activity to alveolar bone was established in vitro to observe the influence of calcium hydroxide on osteo-activity. RESULTS: The results showed that calcium hydroxide with proper concentration at organ culture level could enhance osteoblast ALP secreting activity, and increased the tendency of bone formation. At the same time, the concentration of inorganic PO4(3-) in culture medium also had significant changes. CONCLUSIONS: The mechanism of calcium hydroxide promoting repairment of bone tissues is not only by providing rich Ca2+ and alkaline environment mineral deposition, but also by stimulating calcification enzyme activity of osteoblast. Meanwhile, increased PO4(3-) concentration might improve the mineralization environment, which causes mineralization easily.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1992

Microbiologic and pathologic aspects of pulpal and periapical disease.

The greatest cause of endodontic and periapical pathosis is microbial infection of the pulp. Most odontogenic infections are of a polymicrobial nature. With advances in anaerobic isolation and culturing techniques, much has been learned about the presence of pathogenic organisms such as Porphyromonas and Prevotella species (formerly classified as black-pigmented Bacteroides species) in infected root canals. This review provides a summary of recent developments in endodontic microbiology, virulence factors, and host defense systems as they relate to the pathogenesis of pulpal and periapical inflammatory lesions.

Actinomyces↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosing inflammatory and non-inflammatory periapical disease.

Most central bony lesions appearing in a periapical location are inflammatory in nature secondary to pulpal degeneration. However, cysts, tumors, and other diseases may be easily confused with such endodontic lesions. Four clinical cases are presented, illustrating the importance of thorough evaluation and the role of biopsy in appropriate cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Long-term reliability and observer comparisons in the radiographic diagnosis of periapical disease.

AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the long-term diagnostic consistency of two examiners, an endodontist and a radiologist, and to make comparisons with findings recorded by an observer with more recent scientific and clinical experience in endodontics. METHODOLOGY: Three groups, each consisting of 20 full mouth series of intraoral radiographs, with 79, 93 and 85 endodontically-treated roots, respectively, were successively evaluated for periapical disease. Evaluations were at first performed separately by the three observers. Disagreement and difficult, borderline cases were subjected to joint evaluation. Intra- and interexaminer comparisons were made. For two of the observers the observations were compared with findings recorded several years before for the same cases in the same radiographs. RESULTS: The intra- and interobserver long-term reliability of the two original examiners resulted in 83% overall agreement, the kappa values were 0.54, 0.57 and 0.53. Comparisons between all three observers disclosed 82%, 85% and 86% agreement and kappa values 0.55, 0.58 and 0.60. The joint evaluations and decisions did not indicate a dominating influence from any of the observers. CONCLUSIONS: The long-term reliability of the two original observers was judged as being satisfactory. All three observers judged the overall disease status of the material in the same way. The joint discussions of selected cases might reduce observer variation to an acceptable level, avoid a number of false recordings and increase the reliability and validity of the findings.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Leukotrienes: their possible role in pulpal and periapical diseases.

Leukotrienes play an important role in inflammation and its sequelae such as pain, swelling, and bone resorption. This review covers, their history, structure, synthesis, metabolism, biological effects, inhibitors, antagonists, and their possible role in pathogenesis of pulpal and periapical disease.

Arachidonic Acid↗