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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Retinal detachment after perforating eye injuries. III. Analysis of retinal detachment after perforating eye injuries and determination of the characteristics of the retinal detachment after perforating eye injuries].

In 1977-1987 the authors operated, using the cryosurgical method post-traumatic retinal detachment in 69 patients. Retinal detachment developed in 37 patients after simple perforation of the eye by a foreign intraocular body. In all patients the perforation penetrated as far as the vitreous space. In patients with retinal detachment the authors investigated the following: the patient's age, refraction, period of retinal detachment, extent of retinal detachment, the state of the macula, the characteristics of the retinal defect (site, size and number), type of retinal detachment and associated adverse factors. In the characteristics of retinal detachment after perforating eye injuries the first place was held by prognostically adverse vitreous traction in 73.9%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Perforated and non-perforated synapses in rat neocortex: three-dimensional reconstructions.

Perforated and non-perforated synapses in the molecular layer of rat parietal cortex have been assessed morphologically and quantitatively using three-dimensional reconstructions of the postsynaptic terminal. Perforated synapses were analyzed at nine ages, ranging from 0.5 to 22 months of age, and non-perforated synapses at three ages--0.5, 12, and 22 months. Examination of the reconstructions shows that perforated synapses increase in size and complexity with increasing age. This increasing complexity is reflected in a break-up of the postsynaptic density, which is punctuated by larger, branched perforations. In the most extreme cases the result is the appearance of isolated islands of postsynaptic density separated by, and also surrounded by, a synaptic contact zone. Spinules are especially prominent at around 12 months of age in perforated synapses, and the overall negative curvature of the young junctions is replaced by positively curved junctions from 4 months onwards. The non-perforated synapses are relatively small and show few changes with increasing age. Using the measurement option in the reconstruction program, the following trends emerged. All parameters of perforated synapses increased in size with increasing age, whereas the corresponding parameters of non-perforated synapses remained relatively unchanged over this age range. In addition, the percentage of the synaptic contact zone surface area occupied by the postsynaptic density decreased with increasing age in perforated synapses, but increased in non-perforated synapses. The total postsynaptic density surface area of non-perforated synapses per unit volume of molecular layer was double that of perforated synapses at 0.5 months, but the situation was reversed at 12 months. This parameter was similar in the 2 populations at 22 months. This suggests that perforated synapses contribute more to the total surface area of the postsynaptic density in mid- to late-adulthood than do non-perforated synapses, despite non-perforated synapses outnumbering perforated by 2-3:1 at these ages. These data provide more specific evidence that perforated and non-perforated synapses constitute separate synaptic populations from early in development, and that perforated synapses are responsible for the maintenance of neuronal postsynaptic density surface area from mid-adulthood onwards.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

"Mini-perforation" of the colon--not all postpolypectomy perforations require laparotomy.

In a 10-year experience with 4,784 consecutive colonoscopic polypectomies, the need for operative intervention in just two of seven perforations indicates that patients with specially defined, limited perforations can usually be treated nonoperatively. This specific complication, which has been termed "mini-perforation," is generally detected within 6-24 hours of polypectomy, and is characterized by local pain and tenderness, without signs of diffuse or spreading peritoneal irritation. Free intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal air on x-ray documents the actual perforation. Complete resolution of symptoms within 24-48 hours confirms the diagnosis of "mini-perforation." Success depends on good bowel preparation for colonoscopy, and early recognition of perforation, with institution of bowel rest and intravenous antibiotics. The "mini-perforation" spontaneously closes, probably by omental adherence. Frequent serial clinical examinations are mandatory so that frank perforation with advancing peritonitis will be promptly recognized and treated surgically. An understanding of the three levels of cautery injury to the colon wall--"serosal burn," "mini-perforation," and "frank perforation" are essential in managing the complications of colonoscopic polypectomy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

Resection of the perforated segment. A significant advance in treatment of diverticulitis with free perforation or abscess.

As a result of improved medical management of chronic diverticular disease, perforation has become the most common indication for surgical intervention. During the past five years sixty-three patients underwent operation for colonic diverticular disease, of which forty-six were for perforation (generalized peritonitis in 8, abscess in 30, and fistula in 8). The eight patients with generalized peritonitis underwent emergency exploration for spreading peritoneal signs and were managed by resection of the perforated segment, end colostomy, and mucous fistula or Hartmann's pouch. Treatment of thirty-eight patients with abscess or fistula has also stressed primary resection of the perforated segment of colon. Resection and end colostomy without anastomosis was performed in three. Primary anastomosis with proximal diverting colostomy was performed in four. Primary anastomosis alone was done in thirty-one patients. There were no deaths. These results support primary resection of the involved colon with immediate or delayed anastomosis in the operative management of perforated diverticular disease.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endothelial reaction to perforating and non-perforating excimer laser excisions in rabbits.

With an ArF excimer laser (193 nm, 750 mJ/cm2, 20 Hz) and a special slit-mask system, perforating and non-perforating linear keratectomies were performed in 55 rabbit corneas with a follow-up from 1 hour to 6 months. Varying the pulse number according to ablation rate (0.8 micron/pulse) and corneal thickness, four linear radial excisions (3 mm length, 70 microns width) of increasing depth (70%, 80%, 90%, 100% perforation) were produced. The corneas were processed for light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and vital staining of the endothelium. Except for mild cell contact alterations and discrete single cell damage in the 90% deep excisions, no endothelial damage could be detected after non-perforating keratectomies. Minute (less than 20 microns) and small (20 to 100 microns maximal diameter) perforations induced cell enlargement, formation of pseudopodia, rosette-like figures, multi-nucleated giant cells, and ultimately uniform reformation of the cell pattern (1 hour to 7 days postoperatively). Larger excimer laser defects of Descemet's membrane (greater than 100 microns) were overgrown by dedifferentiated endothelial cells producing a new PAS-positive basement membrane. Vital staining revealed the complete and stable reorganization of the endothelium over these lesions within 6 months. Our observations are similar to those reported on the endothelial repair process following other surgical manipulations (knife incisions, direct Nd:YAG-laser trauma) and support the applicability of excimer lasers for corneal trephination in patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Small bowel perforation associated with intraperitoneal and extraperitoneal bladder perforation caused by stab wound to the penis.

We report an unusual case of small bowel and bladder perforation caused by a stab wound to the penis with preservation of intact corporeal penile bodies and urethra. Diagnosis of bladder perforation was made by the urethrogram and diagnosis of small bowel perforation was made by clinical signs even though the initial physical examination suggested neither of these conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Colonic perforation with special reference to spontaneous ileo-colic perforation].

Aetiology of colonic perforation is reviewed and discussed. 8 cases of "spontaneous" ileo-colic perforations observed between 1975 and 1977 are presented. Two of these patients had recently undergone appendectomy, and 4 others showed a simultaneous distal carcinoma of the large bowel. Histo-pathological evaluation did not reveal the cause of intestinal perforation. Operative treatment and results are given.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Corneal wound healing after perforating and non-perforating excimer laser keratectomy. An experimental study].

For clinical use of the excimer laser more detailed knowledge of corneal wound healing is necessary. With an ArF excimer laser (193 nm, 750 mJ/cm2, 20 Hz) and a special slit mask system perforating and non-perforating keratectomies were performed in a series of 55 rabbits with a follow-up from one hour to six months post-op. After enucleation the corneas were immediately processed for light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and vital staining of the endothelium (trypan blue/alizarin red S). In perforating cuts the endothelial reaction consists of polymegathism, migration, formation of multi-nucleated giant cells, metaplasia-like proliferation and ultimately stable reformation of the cell pattern (1h to 42d). Epithelium fills the anterior wound gap within three days with subsequent regression of the plug. Fibroblastic activity in the adjacent stroma leads to cellular immigration, production of new collageneous lamellae and complete reorganization of the wound cleft (1d to 6m). Nonperforating excisions showed similar healing tendency of stroma and epithelium, but no severe endothelial damage could be detected. Compared with former studies using knife incisions our results do not reveal significant difference regarding epithelial and stromal wound healing events. The encouraging healing tendency of the endothelium--similar to regeneration after ultrasound and Nd:YAG-laser damage--also confirms the applicability of excimer lasers in corneal surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Transepidermal elimination of traumatically altered collagen. Report of three cases and considerations on the relationship between 'collagénome perforant verruciforme' and reactive perforating collagenosis.

Three cases of transepidermal elimination of traumatically altered collagen, including a case of 'collagénome perforant verruciforme' (CPV), are reported. On the basis of our own observations and on the data of the literature, CPV and reactive perforating collagenosis are considered as related, but different entities.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Occult glove perforations: frequency during interventional radiologic procedures.

Because the intact surgical glove is an important barrier against exposure to blood and other body fluids, occult glove perforations occurring during procedures may have implications for infection control and protection of health care workers. Although the frequency of occult glove perforations during surgery has been studied, no such data have been reported for interventional radiology. This study was designed to determine the frequency of occult glove perforations in interventional radiology. Gloves used during interventional radiologic procedures were collected and tested for occult perforations according to previously accepted methods. The frequency of occult defects in unused gloves was also determined. A form completed for each pair of gloves indicated length of use, awareness of perforations, and information about the procedure. The anatomic distribution of perforations was also studied. Occult perforations were found in 49 (10%) of 492 used gloves. The frequency of defects in unused gloves was 1% (2/160). Gloves worn fewer than 2 hr had a perforation rate of 7% (29/406), and those worn 2 hr or longer had a rate of 23% (20/86; p less than .0001). Perforations were noticed by the wearer in only three (6%) of the 49 perforations. The perforation rate for inner gloves of a double-glove set was 3% (1/34; the corresponding outer glove also was perforated). Although the 10% rate of occult glove perforation during interventional radiologic procedures found in this series is lower than rates described with surgical procedures, it is not insignificant. The significant increase in the rate of perforation when gloves are worn more than 2 hr suggests that gloves should routinely be changed at or before 2 hr of wear, particularly in procedures involving high-risk patients.

Equipment Failure↗