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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[New species of mites of the genus Ptilonyssus (Gamasina: Rhinonyssidae) isolated from Passeriformes (Aves: Passeriformes) from Russia and neighboring countries].

Eight new species of the genus Ptilonyssus (Berl. et Troues.) (Gamasina: Rhinonyssidae) from nasal cavities of the passeriformes from territory of the former USSR are described: P. ammomani sp. n. from Ammomanus deserti (Alaudidae) collected in Turkmenistan; P. spini sp. n. from Spinus spinus (Fringillidae) of Kaliningrad district (Russia); P. ripariae sp. n. from Riparia riparia (Hirundinidae) and P. acanthopneustes sp. n. from Phylloscopus borealis (Sylviidae) collected in Tjumen district (Russia); P. pyrrhulinus sp. n. from Pyrrhula pyrrhula (Fringillidae) and P. anthi sp. n. from Anthus trivialis (Motacillidae) of Rjazan district; P. sylviicola sp. n. from Sylviae communis (Sylviidae) collected in Tatarstan; P. cyanosylviae sp. n. from Cyanosylvia svecica (Turdidae) collected from Novosibirsk district.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Molecular systematics of the Malagasy babblers (Passeriformes: timaliidae) and warblers (Passeriformes: sylviidae), based on cytochrome b and 16S rRNA sequences.

The phylogenetic relationships of the Timaliidae (babblers) and Sylviidae (warblers) have long challenged ornithologists. We focus here on three Malagasy genera currently assigned to the Timaliidae, Mystacornis, Oxylabes, and Neomixis, and on their relationships with other babblers and warblers using the sequences of two mitochondrial genes (cytochrome b and 16S rRNA). Maximum parsimony analyses show that the Malagasy "babblers" are not related to any of the other African and Asian babblers. The genus Mystacornis is neither a babbler nor a warbler. The other Malagasy "babblers" are members of warbler groups (the monophyly of the Sylviidae is not demonstrated). Oxylabes madagascariensis and Hartertula flavoviridis (we recognize Hartertula as a genus for the species flavoviridis, previously Neomixis flavoviridis) constitute, with two presumed sylviine taxa, Thamnornis chloropetoides and Cryptosylvicola randrianasoloi, a warbler radiation endemic to the island of Madagascar. The other Neomixis species (tenella, striatigula, and viridis) belong to another warbler group comprising cisticoline taxa. These results show that the Timaliidae did not disperse to Madagascar. Rather, the island has been colonized, independently, by at least two clades of warblers, probably originating from Africa, where the Sylviidae radiation has been the most extensive.

Africa↗
PubMed1991

Quantitative development of brain and brain structures in birds (galliformes and passeriformes) compared to that in mammals (insectivores and primates).

The brain weight and brain structure volumes of galliform and passeriform birds were calculated and related to body weight. The total brains and 14 brain regions were investigated in order to calculate factors by which these structures in passeriforms exceed those in galliforms in size. The larger passeriform brains have larger telencephala, especially ventral hyperstriata and neostriata. The enlargement of total brain and telencephalon resembles that in primates, compared to insectivores, within mammals. The enlargement of the ventral hyperstriata + neostriata in passeriforms is fundamentally similar to that of the isocortex in mammals: it reflects an expansion of multimodal integrational capacities, as the ventral hyperstriatum and neostriatum are occupied exclusively or primarily by multimodal integrational areas as is the isocortex.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Viremia in three orders of birds (Anseriformes, Galliformes and Passeriformes) inoculated with Ockelbo virus.

One-hundred six birds of 14 species were inoculated with approximately 10(2.7) plaque-forming units of Ockelbo virus and bled daily for 5 days to determine viremia levels. Virus was detected in birds of all 14 species tested (four Anseriformes, one Galliformes and nine Passeriformes). The onset of viremia occurred earlier and viral titers were higher in very young anseriforms and galliforms than in older birds. Adult passeriforms had Ockelbo viremias of higher titer and longer duration than did adult anseriforms. Viremia titers in adult birds of all three orders tested were sufficient to induce high transmission rates in enzootic mosquito vectors, and viremias in passeriforms could induce high transmission rates in bridging vectors as well. Passeriforms of the genera Turdus and Fringilla could serve as amplification hosts for Ockelbo virus based on the presently demonstrated viremia of high titer and long duration in these birds, and the previously demonstrated high prevalence of Ockelbo virus neutralizing antibodies in free-ranging individuals and great population size compared to birds of other taxa. Bird species of all three orders tested, however, could function as incidental hosts of the virus.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Antibodies to Ockelbo virus in three orders of birds (Anseriformes, Galliformes and Passeriformes) in Sweden.

Sera from 324 birds collected in an Ockelbo virus disease endemic area in central Sweden were examined for the presence of specific antibodies to Ockelbo virus by a plaque reduction neutralization test. Birds examined belonged to the orders Anseriformes (n = 207), Galliformes (n = 66) and Passeriformes (n = 51). Ockelbo virus neutralizing antibodies were detected in 26 (8%) of the specimens, including species from each of the three orders tested. Specific antibodies found in caged birds and in 6- to 10-week-old birds suggested local transmission. The highest antibody prevalence (27%, 14/51) was observed in the Passeriformes in which 5 of 9 species tested contained antibodies. The high antibody prevalence in passeriforms and the very large population of this group in relation to other avian groups in Sweden gives them a high potential as amplification hosts for Ockelbo virus.

Alphavirus↗
PubMed2002

Three new species of the ectoparasitic mites of the genus Syringophiloidus Kethley, 1970 (Acari: Syringophilidae) from passeriform birds from Slovakia.

Three new quill mite species of the genus Syringophiloidus Kethley, 1970 (Acari: Syringophilidae) from Slovakia are described and figured: S. bombycillae sp. n. from the waxwing Bombycilla garrulus (L.) (Passeriformes: Bombycillidae), S. schoeniclus sp. n. from the reed bunting Emberiza schoeniclus L. (Passcriformes: Emberizidae) and S. montanus sp. n. from the tree sparrow Passer monlanus (L.) (Passeriformes: Ploceidae). A key to all known species of the genus Syringophiloidus is given.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Species identification of blood meals from Culex tarsalis that had fed on passeriform birds.

Blood-engorged Culex tarsalis (4,209) collected during 1960 to 1965 in Kern County, California and previously shown to have fed on passeriform birds by the precipitin test were further tested by the more sensitive passive hemagglutination inhibition test (PHI). It was shown that these mosquitoes fed principally on House Finches and House Sparrows, the most common passeriform birds found in the collection areas. These data demonstrate the usefulness of the PHI test for the identification of arthropod blood meals from closely related species.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Four new species of the feather mite genus Vanginyssus Mironov, 2001 (Astigmata: Pteronyssidae) from the vangas (Passeriformes: Vangidae) in Madagascar.

Four new feather mite species of Vanginyssus Mironov, 2001 are described from vangas (Passeriformes: Vangidae), an endemic passerine family from Madagascar: Vanginyssus euryceros n. sp. from the helmet vanga Euryceros prevostii Lesson, V. madagascarinus n. sp. from the blue vanga Cyanolanius madagascarinus (Linnaeus), V. mystacornis n. sp. from the Crossley's babbler Mystacornis crossleyi (Grandidier) and V. orioliae n. sp. from the Bernier's vanga Oriolia bernieri Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. A key to the five known species of Vanginyssus is provided.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

New species of Cinclotaenia macy, 1973 (Cyclophyllidea: Dilepididae) from Cinclus leucocephalus tschudi (Passeriformes: Cinclidae) in Bolivia.

Two new species of Cinclotaenia (Cyclophyllidea: Dilepididae) are described from the small intestine of Cinclus leucocephalus (Aves: Passeriformes: Cinclidae) collected in the Yungas region of Bolivia. Cinclotaenia minuta n. sp. is characterized by possessing a minute strobila with a maximum body length of 1.58 mm, consisting of 5-10 proglottids, 19-22 rostellar hooks with lengths from 16 to 17 microm, 12-17 testes per proglottid, and eggs forming packets without filaments. Cinclotaenia boliviensis n. sp. has bandlike strobila with a length up to 26 mm with 67-74 proglittids, 22 rostellar hooks with length 39-42 microm, 43-68 testes, and eggs forming packets possessing long filaments. The systematic position in Cinclotaenia of cestodes lacking filaments on the egg packets is confirmed. This is the first record of species of Cinclotaenia in dippers from Bolivia and also the first report of cestodes from Cinclus sp. in the Neotropical Region.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Photoreceptor-like outer segments in the pineal organ of the lovebird, Uroloncha domestica (Aves: passeriformes). A scanning electron microscopic study.

In the pineal organ of the lovebird, Uroloncha domestica, bulbous, cup-shaped and elongated outer segments of photoreceptor-like pinealocytes are demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy. These scarce outer segments, 4-11 micron in length, extend into the pineal lumen. The present structural observations speak in favor of photosensitive pinealocytes in the pineal organ of Uroloncha domestica. The relation of the photoreceptor-like pinealocytes to acetylcholinesterase-positive nerve cells and a nervous connection between the pineal and the brain indicate that the pineal organ of this passeriform species may be the site of neuroendocrine and photoreceptive functions.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed2001

Extreme endemic radiation of the Malagasy vangas (Aves: Passeriformes).

Phylogenetic relationships of the family Vangidae and representatives of several other passeriform families were inferred from 882 base positions of mitochondrial DNA sequences of 12S and 16S rRNA genes. Results indicated the monophyly of the Vangidae, which includes the genus Tylas, hitherto often placed in the family Pycnonotidae. Our results also revealed the Malagasy endemic Newtonia, a genus never previously assigned to the Vangidae, to be a member of this family. These results suggest the occurrence of an extensive in situ radiation of this family within Madagascar, and that the extant high diversity of this family is not the result of multiple colonizations from outside. The extremely high morphological and ecological diversification of the family seems to have been enhanced through the use and ultimate occupancy of vacant niches in this island.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Ultraviolet vision in a passeriform bird: from receptor spectral sensitivity to overall spectral sensitivity in Leiothrix lutea.

A survey of recent results out of spectrophotometric, microspectrophotometric, and behavioral tests concerning the UV vision of the passeriform bird Leiothrix lutea is presented. In the spectrophotometric study it was shown that the ocular media of Leiothrix' eyes are highly transparent to the near UV with lambda T50 at 320 nm. The comparison of the microspectrophotometric and the behavioral data showed a good fit between the peaks of the four single cones' effective sensitivity spectra and the four peaks in the behavioral spectral sensitivity function. The relation further suggests that the behavioral function might be described as the "over-envelope" of the single cone sensitivities. Leiothrix lutea possesses a genuine UV cone type and reveals it's highest sensitivity in the behavioral test to UV light.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

The genus Biuterina Fuhrmann, 1902 (Cestoda, Paruterinidae) in the Old World: redescriptions of four species from Afrotropical passeriformes.

Four species of Biuterina Fuhrmann, 1902 (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea, Paruterinidae), originally described from Afrotropical passeriform birds, are redescribed and figured on the basis of their type-specimens. These are B. pentamyzos (Mettrick, 1960) from Prionops plumata (Laniidae) in Zimbabwe, B. quelea (Mettrick, 1963) from Quelea quelea (Ploceidae) in Zimbabwe, B. ugandae Baylis, 1919 from Chalcomitra senegalensis (Nectariniidae) in Uganda and B. zambiensis (Mettrick, 1960) from Campephaga flava (Campephagidae) in Zimbabwe. The rostellum of B. quelea is a spherical structure filled with strongly-developed glandular tissue and possessing a weak musculature. The remaining three species have a sucker-like rostellar apparatus with moderately developed glandular tissue in the rostellum and around it. It is considered that the glandular elements are an inherent part of the rostellar apparatus of the paruterinids. An armament consisting of fine, punctiform, spine-like structures arranged in transverse rows on the inner surface of suckers is observed in B. pentamyzos. This is the first record of sucker armature in the Paruterinidae.

Africa↗
PubMed2001

A new species of Isospora Schneider, 1881 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from the Bali (Rothschild's) mynah Leucopsar rothschildi (Passeriformes: Sturnidae), and comments concerning the genera Atoxoplasma Garnham, 1950 and Isospora.

A new species of isosporan (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) is reported from the Bali mynah Leucopsar rothschildi (Passeriformes: Sturnidae). Oöcysts of Isospora rothschildi n. sp. are spherical to subspherical, 22.3 x 21.6 (20-26 x 19-23) microm, with a shape index (length/width) of 1.03 (1.00-1.15). A micropyle and oöcyst residuum are absent, but one to many polar granules are present. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 15.9 x 10.6 (15-18 x 9.5-11) microm, with Stieda and substieda bodies and a shape index of 1.50 (1.39-1.65). Each sporocyst contains an ellipsoidal sporocyst residuum, 8.0 x 5.8 (6-11 x 5-8), and each sporozoite contains two refractile bodies. No correlation was found between the presence of coccidian oöcysts in the faeces of some of the birds and Atoxoplasma in blood smears.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

The genus Biuterina Fuhrmann, 1902 (Cestoda, Paruterinidae) in the Old World: redescriptions of three species from Palaearctic Passeriformes.

The syntypes of Biuterina passerina Fuhrmann, 1908 from Alauda arvensis and Galerida cristata (Passeriformes, Alaudidae) from an unknown locality are redescribed. B. fuhrmanni Schmelz, 1941 is redescribed on the basis of its syntypes from Emberiza aureola from China; its type-material contains, in addition to a scolex and pre-gravid and gravid fragments of Biuterina, fragments of mature proglottides from a dilepidid cestode, which were erroneously used in the original description. Specimens, which correspond morphologically to B. clerci Spasskii, 1946, from Miliaria calandra, E. citrinella and E. cirlus from Bulgaria and from E. citrinella from the Czech Republic, are studied. The synonymy of B. clerci with B. passerina is rejected; however, it is recognised as a synonym of B. fuhrmanni. Available data suggest that B. passerina is a specific parasite of birds of the family Alaudidae, while B. fuhrmanni is specific to the Emberizidae. B. collurionis Matevosyan, 1950 is considered a species inquirenda, pending confirmation of apparent differences from B. passerina and B. fuhrmanni based on further material. Biuterina cordifera Murai & Sulgostowska, 1983 is redescribed on the basis of specimens, previously identified by Rysavý (1965) as B. triangula (Krabbe, 1869), from Acrocephalus scirpaceus (Muscicapidae, Sylviinae) in the Czech Republic (new geographical record) and from Erithacus megarhynchos (Muscicapidae, Turdinae) in Bulgaria (new host and geographical records).

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Seasonal variations of in vivo and in vitro melatonin production in a passeriform bird, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus).

Melatonin, released from the pineal gland, is an important signal within the circadian pacemaking system of passeriform birds. Until now, seasonal variations in melatonin production have only been examined in a few avian species and the role of melatonin in the regulation of annual rhythms in birds is unclear. We investigated plasma melatonin in a group of house sparrows kept in an outside aviary in spring (March/April), summer (May/June), autumn (September/October), and winter (December/January). The durations of elevated melatonin values mirrored the seasonal changes in night length to a certain degree, the melatonin signal being longest in winter and shortest in summer. Additionally, plasma melatonin peak amplitudes differed significantly among seasons, with highest values in spring and summer and lowest values in winter. Cultured explanted pineal glands obtained from animals in winter and summer showed patterns of in vitro melatonin release comparable to in vivo circulating melatonin with different durations of elevated melatonin and peak amplitude values. These data indicate that the circadian pacemaking system of the house sparrow changes properties seasonally, either as a result of endogenous mechanisms or in response to environmental conditions. These properties are maintained in the pineal gland even after isolation from the animal.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Genetic antecedents of altruistic behavior in Passeriformes.

On the basis of a theory for the establishment and increase of altruistic genes in animal populations a relationship was hypothesized to exist in an avian order between clutch averages (which were considered an index of "genetic investment") and prosocial behavior. The order Passeriformes was used, as clutch sizes were found to vary from one to 11 among the species, and the number of caretakers was also found to vary, falling into four categories: female only, female and male, both plus intraspecies helpers, and interspecies altruists. The positive correlations found in this research tend to support this theory.

Animals↗