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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Group psychotherapy in neuroses: styles of conducting psychotherapy groups (comparative study in the USSR and Czechoslovakia)].

Using an adapted psychologic technique, the authors considered the predominant types of therapeutic behaviour of 70 psychotherapists from the USSR and CSSR who employ methods of group psychotherapy in treating neuroses. The frequency of optimal variants of the therapeutic behaviour resorted to by psychotherapists in difficult situations arising in the course of group psychotherapy was established. Characteristic features of the therapeutic tactics used by psychotherapists from both countries are shown.

Czechoslovakia↗
PubMed1977

[Group psychotherapy. Institutional group psychotherapy with a realistic aim].

It is of great emotional impact to lose upper or lower limbs; adequate psychological handling of such a loss is described. Mourning will bary if amputation was programmed or carried out without warning. In the group, individual conflict, depression and the problem of function loss are handled, more than problems of the patient vis-a-vis the institution. Characteristics of the group are described.

Amputation, Traumatic↗
PubMed1994

An overview of nine decades of group psychotherapy.

Group psychotherapy has experienced unprecedented growth in the nine decades of its existence. Begun by a Boston physician in 1905 as a "class" for his patients with tuberculosis, it has achieved international recognition as an effective modality for the treatment of emotionally impaired children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly. Group psychotherapy's first growth spurt occurred during World War II, when understaffed military hospitals in both the United States and England were forced to use group treatment measures to attend to the large number of psychiatric casualties. In the 1960s the community mental health centers movement, with its mandate to serve many people in large catchment areas, became another impetus for the employment of group approaches in both remedial and preventive contexts. Group intervention measures, ranging from clinical group psychotherapy to derivative approaches, have expanded to virtually all human services. They are bound to play a major role in the current move toward managed health care, with its emphasis on cost containment and accountability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

"Come on, Jack, tell us about yourself": the growth spurt of group psychotherapy.

Group psychotherapy evidenced a growth spurt in the decade of the 1930s and prior to World War II. Following upon the pioneering efforts of the psychoeducators (Pratt, Marsh, Lazell) and the writings of the early analysts (Freud, Adler, Dreikurs, Burrow), the next wave of practitioners and theorizers popularized and expounded the use of the group treatment modality in hospitals, clinics, and private practice. A review of the seminal ideas and efforts of Jacob Moreno, Louis Wender, Paul Schilder, Lauretta Bender, Alexander Wolf, and Samuel Slavson continues the historical overview begun earlier in this journal (Ettin, 1988). In a continuing effort to call up the wisdom of the past in the service of the work of the present, the emphasis in this paper will be on practical application. Representative quotes will be embedded in the text to capture the tenor of the times, and special attention will be given to (1) theoretical underpinnings such as the proposed advantages, curative variables, and therapy goals of a group treatment; (2) the basic logistics of practice, including optimum group size, composition, membership and exclusion criteria, and length, frequency, and structure of the meetings; and (3) technical considerations, such as the role of the therapist and the techniques, procedures, and processes of the ongoing group endeavor, as well as the interface between individual and group sessions. In conclusion, it will be argued that group psychotherapy matured just in time to respond to the pressing need for efficient mental treatment mandated by the coming of the Second World War.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1986

Group psychotherapy.

Group psychotherapy is a treatment modality used to assist patients in learning how they are perceived, what interactions and communication styles are effective, and which behaviors are acceptable. Emphasis is placed on self-knowledge and growth by using constructive feedback and support from others to make changes. Different types of groups can be classified broadly as open or closed. All group psychotherapists follow a theoretical framework and derive their interventions from this orientation. Groups follow the developmental stages of orientation, working relationship, and termination, and each phase has characteristic issues. Nurses make excellent group psychotherapists when they have received the additional education and supervision necessary to work with this modality. The education may be formal--via a master's degree in psychiatric nursing or specific courses on group psychotherapy--or it may be more informal--via seminars and workshops. Supervision is obtained concurrently while the new nurse group therapist is conducting clinical groups.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Paul Schilder and group psychotherapy: the development of psychoanalytic group psychotherapy.

Group Psychotherapy began in 1905 with Pratt who assembled tuberculosis patients for a class treatment. Application of psychoanalytic concepts to group psychotherapy varied from Pratt's rejection of Freud and psychoanalysis to Louis Wender's descriptive and educational use of psychoanalysis in his group psychotherapy in 1936. At about the same time (1936) Paul Schilder actually interpreted the resistance, transferences, and dreams in his group psychotherapy sessions. Accordingly, Schilder would have to be recognized as the first to conduct a psychoanalytic group psychotherapy. Schilder's many contributions to group psychotherapy appeared in a few papers written before 1941. Precursors of current mainstream group psychotherapy can be found in them and they are still used as references.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1998

An invitation to join in difficulty: realizing the deeper promise of group psychotherapy.

Group psychotherapy has proven effective in treating an impressive array of specific problems. Clinical experience has also shown its utility in alleviating the more general, and very costly, alienation and pain with which the human condition is often fraught. Recent changes in health care delivery reflect a marketplace that emphasizes cost containment, brevity and specificity of treatment, and a narrowed focus of training. Techniques are often valued above relationships. In this climate, we are in danger of losing sight of group therapy's deeper promise; the experiential lesson that human beings must move toward each other with involvement and a commitment to understanding in response to the inevitable difficulties that arise as we share time, space, and resources.

Cost Control↗
PubMed1985

The practice of group psychotherapy with adult insulin-dependent diabetics.

The content and dynamics of two 11-session psychotherapy groups led by physicians for 18 adult patients with insulin-dependent diabetes are described as a guide for others wishing to use this form of treatment. Patients had often found that having diabetes alienated family and friends and many saw their illness as a shameful imperfect state which might at any time be exposed publicly, usually as a result of hypoglycaemia. Our therapy groups, although time consuming for busy physicians, were much shorter than conventional psychotherapy groups but were nevertheless effective in that five patients made good use of the sessions and six moderate use. Powerful feelings were expressed, sad stories told, and self-esteem raised by the acceptance that group members experienced. It is stressed that those wishing to lead psychotherapy groups need both training and supervision.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Development of anxiety arousal in group psychotherapy].

37 patients taken from three psychotherapy groups had completed a course of communication training as preparation for dynamic group psychotherapy. Two anxiety tests were performed at different times before, during and after the therapy. After completion of the communication training, the anxiety diminished as a result of general factors that had come into effect. After completion of the dynamic group psychotherapy they diminished owing to a genuine improvement in social competence. The different modes of action of two psychotherapeutic methods are clearly shown.

Anxiety Disorders↗
PubMed1986

[Questionnaire for recording interpersonal value judgments in group psychotherapy].

Interpersonal estimation is a factor that is of importance to both the patient-therapeut relationship and the climate prevailing within the psychotherapy group. This contribution describes a questionnaire which permits interpersonal estimations in group psychotherapy to be expressed numerically. It enables identification of differences between the estimations given by different patients and also the patient's reception of other patient's estimations of himself. The questionnaire is used for weekly measurements of changes in connection with the diagnostic work accompanying group psychotherapy for neurotic maldevelopments.

Group Processes↗
PubMed1996

Time-limited group psychotherapy.

The presence of a time limit shapes the entire therapeutic process and culminates in the management of termination. This paper outlines a protocol for dealing with termination in time-limited psychotherapy groups: (1) Select suitable members with similar capacity to use a time-limited format; (2) use a closed group format; (3) clarify the time boundaries at the beginning; (4) reinforce the time frame during the last half of the group; (5) provide focused interventions; (6) forestall premature termination; (7) reinforce termination themes of deprivation, resentment and anger, rejection, grief and loss, responsibility for self; (8) structure the final session; and (9) plan a 4-month follow-up visit to encourage ongoing application. These guidelines provide the therapist with a general structure to ensure that major termination themes are systematically addressed. They deal with powerful concepts of maturation and self-responsibility and incorporate the principal strategies that distinguish time-limited from time-unlimited group psychotherapy.

Humans↗